间隔的时间根据第一道涂膜的固化程度（手感不粘）确定，一般不小于24h，亦不宜大于72h。
当24h后涂膜仍发粘，而又需涂刷下一道时，要先涂一些涂膜防水材料，保证可以上人操作，不影响施工质量。
⑥ 稀撒石碴：在第二道涂膜固化之前，在其表面稀撒粒径约2mm的石碴，涂膜固化后，这些石碴即牢固地粘结在涂膜表面，作用是增强涂膜与其保护的粘结能力。
⑦ 设置保护层：最后一道涂膜固化干燥后，即可设置保护层。 （3）细部做法
① 角部做法：在基层涂布底层涂料之后，应先进行增强涂布，同时将玻璃纤维布铺贴好，然后再涂布第一道、第二道涂膜。
② 管道根部：将管道用砂纸打毛，并用溶剂洗除油污，管根周围基层应清洁干燥，在管根周围及基层涂刷底层涂料，底层涂料固化后做增强涂布，增强层固化后再涂布第一道涂膜；涂膜固化后沿管道周围密实铺贴十字交叉的玻璃纤维布做增强涂布，增强层固化后再涂布第二道涂膜。
③ 施工缝（或裂缝处理）：施工缝处往往变形较大，应着重处理，先以弹性嵌缝材料（勿用硅酮密封胶）填嵌裂隙，再涂刷底层涂料，固化后沿裂隙涂抹绝缘涂料（溶剂溶解的石蜡或石油沥青）或铺设1mm厚的非硫化橡胶条，然后做增强涂布（厚约2mm），增强层固化后再按规定顺序涂布第一道及第二道涂膜。
（4）质量问题及处理方法 1）、气孔、气泡
材料搅拌方式及搅拌时间掌握不好，或是基层未处理好，均可使涂膜产生气孔或气泡。气孔或气泡直接破坏涂膜防水层均匀的质地，形成渗漏水的薄弱部位。因此施工时应予注意：材料搅拌应选用功率大、转速不太高的电动搅拌器，搅拌容器宜选用圆桶，以利于强力搅拌均匀，且不会因转速太快而将空气卷入拌合材料中，搅拌时间以2～5min为宜；涂膜防水层的基层一定要清洁干净，不得有浮砂和灰尘，基层上孔隙应以基层涂料填补密实，然后施工第一道涂层。
每道涂层均不得出现气孔或气泡，特别是底部涂层若有气孔或气泡，不仅破坏本层的整体性，而且会在上层施工涂抹时因空气膨胀出现更大的气孔或气泡。因此对于出现的气泡或气孔，必须予以修补。对于气孔，应以橡胶板刷用力将混合材料压入气孔中填实，再进行增补涂抹；对于气泡，应将其穿破，除去浮膜，用处理气孔的方法填实，再做增补涂补。
2）、起鼓
基层质量不良，有起皮或开裂，影响粘结；基层不干燥，水分蒸发产生的压力使涂膜起鼓，在湿度大、且通风不良的环境施工，涂层表面易有冷凝水，冷凝水受热汽化可使上层涂膜起鼓。涂膜起鼓后就破坏了连续整体性，容易破损，必须及时修补。修补方法：先将起鼓部分全部割去露出基层，排出潮气，待基层干燥后，先涂底层涂料，再依防水层施工方法逐层涂抹，若加抹增强涂布则更佳。修补操作要注意，不要一次抹成，至少分两次抹成，否则容易产生鼓泡或气孔。
3）、翘边
涂膜防水层的端部或细部收头处出现同基层剥离翘边部分割去，将基层打毛、处
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We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the理干净，再根据基材质选择与其粘结力强的底层涂料涂刮基层，然后按增强和增补做法仔细涂刷，最后按顺序分层做好涂膜防水层。
4）、破损
涂膜防水层施工后、固化前，未注意保护，被其他工序施工时碰坏、划伤，或过早上人行走、放置工具，使防水层遭受磨损而变形损坏。
对于轻度损伤，可做增强涂刷、增补涂刷；对于破损严重者，应将破损部分割除（稍大一些），露出基层并清理干净，再按施工要求，顺序、分层补做防水层，并应加上增强、增补涂刷。
6、保护层的施工
柔性防水层施工完毕后，要采用一定的措施对防水膜进行保护，在底板及顶板，采用C15细石砼进行保护，在侧墙处，砌筑砖墙保护层。
（1）细石砼及砖墙保护层在施工中小心施工，不允许破坏已硬化的防水膜。 （2）侧面及顶层回填材料严格符合设计要求，并小心摊铺、碾压，严禁夹杂大块石头或坚硬杂物。
（二）结构施工缝、变形缝防水施工及技术措施 1、顶板施工缝防水
顶板施工缝主要采用两道微膨型遇水膨胀橡胶止水条、外防水层及细石砼保护层防水。
2、侧墙、底板施工缝防水
侧墙的施工缝分纵向、横向施工缝，底板施工缝主要是横向施工缝，施工缝同样采用两道遇水膨胀止水条，止水条施工工艺同顶板。
3、施工缝的防水处理
明挖的施工缝较多，其防水影响较大，在留施工缝的地方，依设计按下列要求进行：
（1）施工缝的止水条，其材质、性能、规格符合设计要求。 （2）止水条施工工艺
① 对于水平施工缝，先浇筑砼后根据止水条的规格在砼基面中间用木条压出一条平整、光滑槽。对于环向或竖向施工缝，采用在端头模板中间固定木条，砼浇筑后形成凹槽。
② 止水条安放前，先浇筑的砼基面必须充分凿毛，清洗干净，排除杂物。 ③ 水平施工缝在砼浇筑前，先在基面上敷设50mm与砼同标号水泥砂浆，环向或竖向施工缝控制砼入模点与基面有一定的距离，经均匀、充分振捣后使基面与新浇筑面砼有50mm水泥砂浆，新老砼结合良好。
④ 止水条应尽量安排在砼浇筑前2-3小时安装，止水条应粘贴在基面预留槽内，并且固定牢靠。
4、结构变形缝防水
区间隧道及出入段线隧道均要设置变形缝。
f backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling pastone another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development
opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy30
变形缝防水施工的关键是止水带的固定砼灌注，止水带定位安设见下图：
为了保护中埋式塑料止水带的固定和砼浇注密实，我单位采用如下技术保证措施： ① 在中埋式止水带选材上严把质量关。
② 从结构内伸出φ12拉筋来固定上下堵头木模板，再用上下堵头模板夹住止水带，达到固定作用。
③ 在加工制作钢筋时，把箍筋制作成“凹”形状，以便固定止水带。
④ 在浇注砼时，用特制φ33mm插入式振动棒，充分振捣砼，使之密实，达到良好的防水效果。
（三）主要技术保证措施
1、防水层施作完成后，应认真进行检查发现破损及时修补，绑扎及焊接钢筋时，应做好成膜保护。
2、侧墙上的施工缝应留在高出底板表面不小于300mm的墙体上。
3、顶板上采用防水钢筋砼，在浇注时应找平压光，当顶板不平顺应做砂浆找平层，并做横向泛坡。
4、侧墙为防水钢筋砼，应做砂浆找平层，钢筋外露应切除。
5、顶板与侧墙转角处的涂膜应增设一布三涂的防水膜，增加长度，顶板与边墙为1m。
6、底板上的附加防水层应由底板向侧墙上延铺铺至与底板相交施工缝以上不小于60cm的位置。
7、当有转角时用砂浆做成圆弧，其半径不小于5cm。 7.4回填施工
本标段共需8.8万方回填土，将在基坑开挖及区间隧道掘进时，把可利用的碎石土、砂土，存放到业主指定的临时存碴场，于回填时二次倒用。
（一）回填范围
结构侧墙砖砌保护层外侧和顶板保护层外侧，回填不少于0.5m厚的粘土层。其它部位采用素土、爆破石碴回填。
（二）回填料准备
本标段明挖段回填料共有三种：侧墙边及顶板上不少于0.5m厚的粘土层、素土层及爆破石碴。
明挖段的砾质粘性土，取样试验后，若能满足设计要求或简单处理过后能满足设计要求，即存放在业主指定的临时堆土场，留作回填之用。不合格者弃于南山市政后海弃土场内。
粘土及素土回填前，分别取样测定其最大干容重和最佳含水量，做压实试验，以确定填料含水量控制范围，铺土厚度、压实密度等参数。爆破石碴利用时，要进行粒径挑选后堆存。
（三）回填工艺
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We will continue to improve the company's internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication \o constantly perfect ERP, and BFS++, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS++, and ERP, and SCM, technology application oftraining, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure \To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employes life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. o strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of \ngthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve \ding to law, standardize and fair.\of performance management, to ensure that potential employees \strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards ... Work, full play party, and branch, and members in \se\of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening \p construction, full play levels cadres in enterprise development in the1、根据试验数据，确定分层厚度回填按分层摊平夯实，并在顶板保护层强度达到设计要求后开始。
2、侧墙顶板范围0.5m以内采用粘土回填，采用人工使用小型机具夯填，夯与夯之间重叠不小于1/3夯底宽度。其他范围采用机械压碾，按薄填慢行，先轻后重，反复压碾，搭接宽度20cm。
3、分段夯填接茬处，已填土坡应挖台阶，台阶宽度不小于1m，高度不大于0.5m。回填标高不一致时，应从低处向高处逐层填压。
4、每层按设计要求取样进行密实度试验。 5、回填时防止机械或机具碰撞防水保护层。
f backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. o conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher standards, a higher level of development. Employees, today is lunar calendar on December 24, the ox Bell is about to ring, at this time of year, we clearly feel the pulse of the XX power generation company to flourish, to more clearly hear XX power generation companies mature and symmetry breathing. Recalling pastone another across a railing, we are enthusiastic and full of confidence. Future development
opportunities, we more exciting fight more spirited. Employees, let us together across 2013 full of challenges and opportunities, to create a green, low-cost operation, full of humane care of a world-class power generation company and work hard! The occasion of the Spring Festival, my sincere wish that you and the families of the staff in the new year, good health, happy, happy32