oracle10g+Dataguard配置

Linux上实现oracle双机实时备份DataGuard 更改机器名

Hostname 机器名(自己启,两台机器不能一样,建议用dataguard1和dataguard2) vi /etc/sysconfig/network 文件里面的hostname 然后vi /etc/hosts 添加本地hosts

安装数据库

在RHEL5下安装oracle 10g 1、添加组和用户

# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall # /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle # passwd oracle

2、添加以下内容到/etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 1048576 net.core.rmem_max = 1048576 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 262144

3、添加以下内容到/etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536

4、添加以下内容到/etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so

5、添加以下内容到/etc/profile if [ $USER = \if [ $SHELL = %ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi

fi

6、创建安装目录

# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

7、修改oracle环境变量,首先进入oracle用户模式,vi ~/.bash_profile ,在里面加入以下内容 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=DB99

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK export LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK export LC_ALL=C

8、安装数据库

# gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz (64位) # cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio # vi database/install/oraparam.ini [Certified Versions]

Linux=redhat-3,SuSE-9,redhat-4,redhat-5,UnitedLinux-1.0,asianux-1,asianux-2] 再添加:

[Linux-redhat-5.0-optional] TEMP_SPACE=80 SWAP_SPACE=150

MIN_DISPLAY_COLORS=256

vi /etc/sysconfig/vncservers

添加

VNCSERVERS=\

VNCSERVERARGS[1]=\使用oracle用户(su – oracle)启动vnc服务(vncserver) 将.vnc/.xstart中的twm &改成gnome-session &

,然后用vnc viewer连接服务器运行database目录下的runinstaller 第一个界面选择Advanced Installation

第三个界面需要在语言选项中添加中文支持

在提示是否创建新库时，选择install database software only

安装结束时注意安装程序会提示用root用户执行下面两条命令： /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

主数据库(简称dbtest1)备用数据库(简称dbtest2)

在dbtest1上安装数据库环境并创建数据库(数据库sid为DB99,安装目录为/u01/app/)

在dbtest2上只安装数据库环境,不创建数据库

下面是dbtest1上的配置

首先用 sqlplus / as sysdba 进入sql查询模式 主库启用FORCE LOGGING

SQL>ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

SQL>select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

主库检查密码文件

这个默认安装完之后都有，文件在/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwDB99

文件名格式为orapw${sid}

主库添加standby redo log

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/redo04.log') size 50m;

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/redo05.log') size 50m;

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/redo06.log') size 50m;

SQL>alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/redo07.log') size 50m;

查看日志情况

sql>select * from v$logfile;

执行后应该能看到你新加的这四个日志相关信息

修改主数据库初始化参数

先执行SQL>create pfile from spfile;

这样就会有/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initDB99.ora文件 直接编辑这个文件 加入以下参数

*.db_unique_name=dbtest1 *.fal_server='dbtest1' *.fal_client='dbtest2'

*.standby_file_management=auto

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/' *.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB99/' *.log_archive_config='dg_config=(dbtest1,dbtest2)' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=dbtest2 LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=dbtest2' *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

这样初始化参数改好了 使用命令

Sql>shutdown immediate Sql>create spfile from pfile;

修改/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora下的监听文件 listener.ora文件如下 SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) )

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = DB99)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) ) )

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC2))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.21)(PORT = 1521)) ) )

修改/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 文件如下 DB99 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.21)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = DB99) ) )

#LISTENER_DB99 =

# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhoenorthdb1)(PORT = 1521)) DBTEST2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.24)(PORT = 1521)) )

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = DB99) ) )

DBTEST1 =

(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.21)(PORT = 1521)) )

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = DB99) ) )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC2)) )

(CONNECT_DATA = (SID = PLSExtProc) (PRESENTATION = RO) ) )

这样参数文件就改完了

主库启用归档日志

SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG; SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

SQL> Alter database set standby database to maximize availability;

注意执行过alter database archivelog;后以后就不用再执行这个命令了,以后直接用startup启动数据库就可以了

用rman备份主库数据文件、归档日志、控制文件 在oracle用户环境下,执行 rman target /