河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
五菱汽车驱动桥设计
摘要
驱动桥作为汽车的重要的组成部分处于传动系的末端，其基本功用是减速增扭，并将转矩经差速器分配给左、右驱动车轮，使左、右驱动车轮具有汽车行驶运动学所要求的差速功能。本设计根据设计任务书的要求，熟悉其组成和要求，进行驱动桥总成方案分析、结构设计和方案论证，通过由主要功能部件向外设计的方法进行设计。根据后驱动桥的工作要求，分析驱动桥的运动原理,由给定参数分析汽车的结构、工作受力情况，再根据轻型汽车后驱动桥设计要求,选择满足驱动桥在工作条件下的传动型式，进行传动比计算,主减速器中主、从动齿轮类型的选择及各项参数的选取与计算、主、从动齿轮的支承方式选择、差速器设计计算以及驱动桥壳设计的设计，最后对半轴的强度进行了校核。整体设计使驱动桥壳离地有足够的间隙，质量尽量小，传递效率高。最终完成驱动桥的整体设计。
本驱动桥设计结构合理，符合实际应用，具有很好的动力性和经济性，驱动桥总成及零部件的设计能满足零件的标准化、部件的通用化和产品的系列化的要求，修理、保养方便、工艺性好、制造容易、成本低。
关键词：驱动桥，主减速器，差速器，半轴，驱动桥壳
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
WULING VEHICLES DRIVE AXLE DESIGN
ABSTRACT
As an important component of an automobile, drive axle is at the end of the driveline, of which the basic use is reducing the speed and increasing the torque. Then the torque will be allocated to the left and right drive wheels though the differential, so that the two wheels have differential function requested by Automobile Driving kinematics. The work accoring to the requirements of design, being conversant with compositions and requirements of the drive axle, and analyses the final drive axle project, designs structure, demonstrates project. The drive axle design adopts the method that designs main function unit first then the others. According to rear drive axle working requirement，the design gives the analysis of the movement principle of the drive axle. From the given parameter, the design anal sizes the structure and the force while working. On the base of requirements from light vehicles rear drive axle. The design chooses a drive system that fulfils drive axle under working, calculates drive ratio. Then it also chooses driving gear, driven gear type in the main reducer, each parameter and calculates the chosen parameter. The supporting modes for driving gear and driven gear, brace, design of differential structure form will be considered later. Besides, the design of half axis, strength checking, the design of drive axle housing will be also concluded. General design makes rear-axle housing have enough interspaces, its mass smallest, high transfer efficiency. Finally, the whole design of drive axle is completed.
The design of drive axle has a rational construction and is tally with the actual use. It has great power performance and fuel economy. Drive axle total and the design of intermediate product can get the requirements for standardization in parts, generalized in assembly,
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
systematization in products. On one hand, with good technological efficiency, it is very convenient for mending and upkeep. On the other hand, it is easy made with low cost.
KEY WORDS: Drive axle, the main reducer, differential, axle, drive axle housing
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
目 录
主要符号..........................................1 前言..............................................3 第1章 驱动桥总成的结构型式与布置.................4
§1.1 总体方案论证............................4 §1.2 驱动桥分类..............................4 §1.2.1 非断开式驱动桥....................4 §1.2.2 断开式驱动桥......................6 第2章 主减速器设计...............................9
§2.1 主减速器结构分析........................9 §2.1.1 圆弧齿双曲面齿轮传动..............9 §2.1.2 结构型式..........................9
§2.2 主减速器主、从动锥齿轮的支承方案.......10 §2.2.1 主动锥齿轮的支承.................10 §2.2.2 从动锥齿轮的支承.................10
§2.3 主减速器锥齿轮设计.....................10 §2.3.1 主减速比的确定...................10 §2.3.2 主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定.......11
§2.4 主减速器齿轮基本参数的选择.............13 §2.4.1 齿数的选择.......................13 §2.4.2 从动锥齿轮节圆直径的选择.........13 §2.4.3 从动锥齿轮端面模数的选择.........13 §2.4.4 双曲面齿轮齿宽F的选择...........14 §2.4.5 双曲面齿轮的偏移距离.............14 §2.4.6 双曲面齿轮的偏移方向及螺旋方向...15 §2.4.7 螺旋角的选择.....................15 §2.4.8 齿轮法向压力角的选择.............16
§2.5 主减速器圆弧齿双曲面齿轮的几何尺寸计算.16 §2.6 双曲面齿轮的强度计算...................24
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
§2.6.1 单位齿长上的圆周力...............24 §2.6.2 轮齿的弯曲强度计算...............25 §2.6.3 轮齿的齿面接触强度计算...........25
§2.7 主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理.............26 §2.8 主减速器轴承的计算.....................27 §2.8.1 作用在主减速器主动齿轮上的力.....27 §2.8.2 主减速器轴承的当量载荷...........28 §2.8.3 计算主减速器轴承的额定寿命.......29
§2.9 主减速器的润滑.........................29 第3章 差速器设计................................31
§3.1 差速器结构形式选择.....................31 §3.2 对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的设计.........31 §3.2.1 差速器齿轮的基本参数选择.........32 §3.2.2 差速器齿轮的几何尺寸计算.........34
§3.3 差速器齿轮的材料.......................36 §3.4 差速器齿轮的强度计算...................36 第4章 半轴设计..................................38
§4.1 半轴的型式.............................38 §4.2 半轴的设计与计算.......................39 §4.2.1 全浮式半轴计算载荷的确定.........39 §4.2.2 全浮式半轴杆部直径的初选.........39 §4.2.3 半轴的结构设计及材料与热处理.....40 §4.2.4 半轴的强度计算...................40 第5章 驱动桥壳的设计............................41 结论.............................................45 参考文献.........................................46 致谢.............................................47
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