大连理工大学城市学院
本科生毕业设计（论文）
学 院：电子与自动化学院 专 业：自动化
学 生:
指导教师：刁立强
完成日期：
姜美芹 2013年6月6日
大连理工大学城市学院本科生毕业设计（论文）题目
基于单片机出租车多功能计价器设计
总计 毕业设计（论文）32 页 表格 6 表 插图 26 幅
摘 要
随着社会的高度发展，出租车已经成为人们日常生活中必不可少的代步工具，但由于各个地方的生活水平不同，导致物价存在一定的差异，因此出租车的计费标准也不尽相同。这就要求我们设计出简易化、智能化、计价精确、可移植、可靠性高的出租车计价器。
本次设计利用软件设计和硬件设计相结合，设计出具有性能可靠、电路简单、成本低等特点的多功能计价器。由单片机AT89C51控制，使用12MHz 晶振提供时钟信号,利用装在车轮上的霍尔传感器A44E发出的脉冲个数来测速,因为本设计涉及到白天和黑夜的转换，通过AT24C02实现白天和黑夜单价的修改和存储，从而实现白天和黑夜不同的计费标准。另外AT24C02中的数据是不可随意更改的，具有防作弊的效果。通过C语言编程实现记时、里程检测、费用计算，同时通过LED数码管将里从而达到计费的目的。最后将总车费和总金额很直观的在LED数码管中显示出来,达到计价器计价收费的目的。而且，本次设计还通过DS1302，可以在不计价的情况下作为时钟显示时、分、秒，使驾驶员了解实时时间。系统包括控制模块、里程传感模块、掉电保护模块、独立键盘电路、电源电路、时钟显示模块部分。该系统设有五个按键（清除、查询/确认、停止、白天/黑夜、功能选择）,进行相应的操作就可实现单程/往返模式选择、停止计费、等待时间查询、清除复位等功能，使操作简单方便。
关键词：单片机; 霍尔传感器A44E; LED数码管；DS1302
I
Abstract
With the high degree of social development, the taxi has become an everyday essential means of transport, but because of the different levels of each of the local life, causing prices there are some differences, so taxis are not the same accounting standards. This requires us to design a simple, intelligent, accurate pricing, portable, high reliability taxi meter.
The design of the software and hardware design using the combination of design with reliable performance, the circuit is simple and low cost multifunction meter. Controlled by the microcontroller AT89C51 using 12MHz crystal oscillator provides the clock signal, the use of a wheel mounted on the Hall sensor A44E number of pulses sent to the gun, as the design involves the conversion of the day and night, night and day to achieve through AT24C02 price changes and storage, day and night in order to achieve different billing standards. The data in another AT24C02 can not be changed, with the effect of anti-cheating. Through the C programming language in mind, the mileage testing, cost calculations, while the inside through the LED digital tube so as to achieve the purpose of billing. Finally, the total amount of the total fare and very intuitive in the LED digital tube display, to achieve the purpose of the meter valuation fees. Moreover, this design also adopted DS1302, can not denominated in the case as the clock displays hours, minutes, seconds, the driver understand real-time. System comprises a control module, mileage sensing module, power protection module, separate keyboard circuit, power circuit, the clock display module section. The system has five buttons (Clear, check / confirm, stop, day / night function selection), the appropriate action can be achieved one way / return
II
mode selection, stop charging, waiting time queries, clear Reset function. make operation simple and convenient.
Keywords: microcontroller; hall sensor A44E; LED digital tube; DS1302
III