a1+a199
2a100S199199
解析 b100=b1+b199=T199=299.
2
21.数列?an?的前n项和记为Sn,a1?1,an?1?2Sn?1?n?1?则?an?的通项公式 解:(Ⅰ)由an?1?2Sn?1可得an?2Sn?1?1?n??2,
两式相减得
an?1?an?2an,an?1?3an?n?2?
又a2?2S1?1?3 ∴a2?3a1 故?an?是首项为1,公比为3得等比数列 ∴an?3n?1
22.已知各项都为正数的等比数列{an}中,a2·a4=4,a1+a2+a3=14,则满足an·an+1·an+1
2>9的最大正整数n的值为________.答案 4
2
a4=4.又a3>0,因解析 设等比数列{an}的公比为q,其中q>0,依题意得a3=a2·
11
(2)n-1=24-n,an·an此a3=a1q=2,a1+a2=a1+a1q=12,由此解得q=2,a1=8,an=8×
2
+1
·an+2=2
9-3n
111
9-3n
.由于2=8>9,an因此要使2>9,只要9-3n≥-3,即n≤4,于是满足an·
-3
1
an+2>9的最大正整数n的值为4. +1·
S1031
23.等比数列{an}的首项为a1=1,前n项和为Sn,若S5=32,则公比q等于________.
1
答案 -2
S10-S531-32S1031111
55
解析 因为S5=32,所以S5=32=-32,即q=(-2),所以q=-2.
三、解答题
24.(本小题满分12分)
已知等差数列?an?满足:a3?7,a5?a7?26,?an?的前n项和为Sn. (Ⅰ)求an及Sn; (Ⅱ)令bn=
1(n?N*),求数列?bn?的前n项和Tn. 2an?11【解析】(Ⅰ)设等差数列?an?的公差为d,因为a3?7,a5?a7?26,所以有
?a1?2d?7,解得a1?3,d?2, ??2a1?10d?262n?1)=2n+1;Sn=3n+所以an?3?(n(n-1)?2=n2+2n。 21111111=?n+1,所以bn=2?(-),== (Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知an?2an?1(2n+1)2?14n(n+1)4nn+1n11111111T?(1-+?+?+-)?(1-)===所以n,
4(n+1)4223nn+14n+1即数列?bn?的前n项和Tn=
n。
4(n+1)25.已知等比数列{an}的各项均为正数,且2a1?3a2?1,a32?9a2a6. (I)求数列{an}的通项公式.
1{}的前n项和. (II)设bn?log3a1?log3a2???log3an,求数列bn2解:
2232(Ⅰ)设数列{an}的公比为q,由a3?9a2a6得a3?9a4所以q?1. 9由条件可知c>0,故q?1. 31. 3由2a1?3a2?1得2a1?3a2q?1,所以a1?故数列{an}的通项式为an=
1. 3n(Ⅱ )bn?log3a1?log3a2?...?log3an
??(1?2?...?n) n(n?1)??2故
1211????2(?) bnn(n?1)nn?1111111112n??...???2((1?)?(?)?...?(?))?? b1b2bn223nn?1n?1所以数列{}的前n项和为?1bn2n n?1
1111
26.已知{an}是各项均为正数的等比数列,且a1+a2=2(a1+a2),a3+a4+a5=64(a3+a4+1a5).
(1)求{an}的通项公式;
1
(2)设bn=(an+an)2,求数列{bn}的前n项和Tn.
n
解析 (1)设{an}的公比为q,则an=a1q-1.
由已知,有
??a+aq=2?+?aaq?,?11??1
?aq+aq+aq=64?aq+aq+aq?,
1
1
1
1
12
13
14
12131411
?a1q=2,
6 化简,得??a21q=64.
又a1>0,故q=2,a1=1. 所以an=2
n-1
2
.
1?11?n-1222(2)由(1)知,bn=?an+an?=an+an+2=4+4n-1+2.
1
1-41-4n111
n-1n1n1-
因此,Tn=(1+4+…+4)+(1+4+…+4)+2n=1-4+1+2n=3(4-4
1-4
n
-n
)+2n+1.
27.已知{an}为等比数列,a1?1,a5?256;Sn为等差数列{bn}的前n项和,
b1?2,5S5?2S8.
(1) 求{an}和{bn}的通项公式;(2) 设Tn?a1b1?a2b2??anbn,求Tn. 解:(1) 设{an}的公比为q,由a5=a1q4得q=4
所以an=4n-1.设{ bn }的公差为d,由5S5=2 S8得5(5 b1+10d)=2(8 b1+28d),
d?33a1??2?3, 222+4·5+42·8+…+4n-1(3n-1),① 所以bn=b1+(n-1)d=3n-1.(2) Tn=1·4Tn=4·2+42·5+43·8+…+4n(3n-1),②
②-①得:3Tn=-2-3(4+42+…+4n)+4n(3n-1) = -2+4(1-4n-1)+4n(3n-1)
=2+(3n-2)·4n∴Tn=(n-
2n2)4+
332Sn12?an?1?n2?n?,n?N*. n3328.设数列?an?的前n项和为Sn.已知a1?1,
(Ⅰ) 求a2的值;
(Ⅱ) 求数列?an?的通项公式;
1117?????. (Ⅲ) 证明:对一切正整数n,有
a1a2an412,又S1?a1?1,所以a2?4;
331322 (Ⅱ) 当n?2时,2Sn?nan?1?n?n?n,
3312322Sn?1??n?1?an??n?1???n?1???n?1?
33122 两式相减得2an?nan?1??n?1?an??3n?3n?1???2n?1??
33aaaa 整理得?n?1?an?nan?1?n?n?1?,即n?1?n?1,又2?1?1
n?1n21【解析】(Ⅰ) 依题意,2S1?a2??1? 故数列?所以
a1?an??是首项为?1,公差为1的等差数列,
1?n?an?1??n?1??1?n,所以an?n2. n1711157?1???1???; (Ⅲ) 当n?1时,;当n?2时,a14a1a244411111???? 当n?3时,,此时 ann2?n?1?nn?1n11111111?11??11?1??1?????1??2?2???2?1???????????????a1a2an434n4?23??34??n?1n? ?1?111717????? 42n4n41117????. 综上,对一切正整数n,有?a1a2an4
2?29.设各项均为正数的数列?an?的前n项和为Sn,满足4Sn?an?1?4n?1,n?N,且
a2,a5,a14构成等比数列.
(1) 证明:a2?4a1?5; (2) 求数列?an?的通项公式; (3) 证明:对一切正整数n,有
1111?????. a1a2a2a3anan?12221.【解析】(1)当n?1时,4a1?a2?5,a2?4a1?5,?an?0?a2?4a1?5
222(2)当n?2时,4Sn?1?an?4?n?1??1,4an?4Sn?4Sn?1?an?1?an?4 22?an?0?an?1?an?2 an?1?an?4an?4??an?2?,
2?当n?2时,?an?是公差d?2的等差数列.
2?a2,a5,a14构成等比数列,?a5?a2?a14,?a2?8??a2??a2?24?,解得a2?3,
22由(1)可知,4a1?a2?5=4,?a1?1
?a2?a1?3?1?2? ?an?是首项a1?1,公差d?2的等差数列.
?数列?an?的通项公式为an?2n?1. (3)
1111111?????????? a1a2a2a3anan?11?33?55?7?2n?1??2n?1?1??1??11??11??11??????1??????????????2??3??35??57??2n?12n?1???
1?1?1???1??.2?2n?1??230.a2,a5是方程x2?12x?27?0的两根, 数列?an?是公差为正的等差数列,数列?bn?的前n项和为Tn,且Tn?1?1bnn?N?. 2??(1)求数列?an?,?bn?的通项公式;
(2)记cn=anbn,求数列?cn?的前n项和Sn.
2.解:(1)由a2?a5?12,a2a5?27.且d?0得a2?3,a5?9 …………… 2分
?d?a5?a2?2,a1?1?an?2n?1n?N? …………… 43??