electric power is a most concenient,clean,safe,and useful form of energy which supplies the major portion of energy needs of a modern society.at the present time C the lack of electricity(a blackout) is newsworthy . electric power is so vital to the lives of people that B its unavailability causes inconvenience ,loss of production,and danger to many individuals who are in operation (such as cardiac operation) in hospital.a prolonged blackout,which is inevitable when a growing load is combined with no generation additions,could lead to D social disorder,and even national tragedy .with the developing of industy and improving in living standed,the electric power demand is growing continuously and A its growth rate is much greater than that of all other forms of energy.now E high electric powerconsumption per capita has been one of the indications of modernization of a country.
Passage 18 copyright paracy(p306)
There are numerous examples of what has become known as copyright paracy .the American chemical giant do pont,for example ,recently introduced into one asian country its famous londax herbicide,which kills weeds in rice fields.the company invested millons of dollars in B the research and development of this product abd ploughed another us $25 million into opening a local production plant.less than one year later,however very cheap bottles of londax were openly on sale.the only difference between D the fake and real items –other than the price—was that the fake was called rondex and came in a blue rather than a green bottle .however as it was so much cheaper than the original,it effectively destroyed du pont’s investment.it also made the company less willing to invest in R&D of A new chemicals .the “recipe”for londax should have been theated as E the intellectual property of dupont.other companies making illegal use of it are atealing just as surely as if they stole dupont’s machines or any other C physical property of the inventing company.
Passage 19 electrical energy(p307)
electrical energy is the presence and flow of an electric charge.the energy of electricity is found in a variety of phenomena such as D static electricity,electromagnetic fields and lightning .humans have found the ability to harness these phenomena and store the E electrical charge for later use.the concept of B electrical energy is defined using a variety of different terminologies such as charge ,current and potential.
electrical energy is the result of the interaction of subatomic particles with electromagnetic force.within an atom,electrons and protons create a charge.this charge can be transferred between bodied using direct contact with a conductive material like a wire.
The current refers to the movement of the charge.with direct current,this occurs when the electricity is stored in a battery and travels in one direction out of the battery. A alternating current occurs when the current changed direction repeatedly within an alectrical system.the alternating current form is usually used to power larger objects such as residences and building.
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C electrical potential is essential to the range and power of electrical energy.when an electric charge exists within an object ,a force is exerted from its electrical field.this accelerates the object in a direction either towards or away from the charge ,depending on the electromagnetic polarization.generally,positively-charged electricity pushes the object away,while negatively-charged electricity pulls the object towards the field.
阅读理解
Passage 1(p311)
Have you ever seen a moon that looks unbelievably big? It hangs over the horizon like a huge, pale hot-air balloon. Many people think of the right full moon of autumn or the harvest moon that way-like a huge, pale
1. To what do we compare the size of the harvest moon? (all of these) 2. The main purpose of the article is to inform. 3. The author knew most people find the moon mysterious. 4. The moon looks bigger if it is near the horizon 5. The autumn moon helps farmers see as they harvest their crops.
Passage 2(p311)
Strange thing happens to time when you travel. Because the earth is divided into twenty-four time zones one hour apart, you can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or fewer 1. The best title for this selection is How Time Changes Around the World. 2. The difference in time between zones is one hour. 3. From this selection it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean is divided into five time zones. 4. The international date line is the name for the point where a new day begins.
5. If you cross the ocean going east, you set you clock ahead one hour in each new time zone.
Passage 3(p312)
Holidays in the United States usually occur at least once a month. Most months have a national holiday that has been arranged to be celebrated on a Monday. The holidays have all been decided to be celebrated on a
1. The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have a 3-day weekend almost once a month.
2. Workers in the United States sometimes work from Tuesday to Sunday. 3. Which statement is NOT true according to this passage?
All the workers have a half-month vacation. 4. The reason why someone has to divide his vacation into several parts is that
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no one can be found to take his place . 5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
Something about the holidays and Vacation in the U.S.
Passage 4(p313)
Sarah Winchester was a very rich woman. She didn’t buy many jewels or fancy clothes. Instead, she spent million of dollars to build a house. The strange thing about Sarah’s house was that it was never finished. Work
1. What did Sarah keep doing to her house? Making it bigger. 2. The story says that Sarah’s house had 7 floors.
3. Who did the work on Sarah’s house? Carpenters and plumbers and other workers. 4. How long did the work on the house continue? For 38 years. 5. Sarah’s house was finally finished when she died.
Passage 5(p314)
The diner is only a humble restaurant, but it has a special place in American life. Diners appear in our novels, plays, poems, poems, and movies. Many artists have used diners as scenes for their paintings. Why are
1. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? The attraction of different people. 2. The purpose of the last paragraph is to give a summary of the whole passage. 3. Why do truck drivers like a diner? It’s a haven against loneliness. 4. Diners attract many different kinds of people. 5. Diners are fascinating.
Passage 6(p315)
In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycles as if it were a startling new invention. Annual bike sales doubled between 1960 and 1970, and there are nearly 70 million bikes in the
1. The word ―embrace‖ in the first sentence is closest in meaning to make use of. 2. It can be concluded that if people continue to concern themselves with air pollution and physical fitness,
bicycle sales will continue to rise. 3. The bicycle is enjoying a strong revival.
4. The reader can also conclude that Americans are concerned with the quality of their lives . 5. In the sentence ―?and this isn’t America’s first bicycle boom.‖ The word ―boom‖ means a rapid increase in sale.
Passage 7 (p315)
Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss. The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories or loud music or other common sounds found
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1. Doctors have long known that one may lose his hearing when he hears a terribly loud noise.
2. This passage suggests that one’s hearing will be damaged even if he has heard a loud noise for only little more than one second.
3. According to this passage, one conclusion you can draw is that aspirin makes hearing damage from loud noise worse. 4. Millions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss because they take too much aspirin.
5. The purpose of the experiment the American scientist did was to find whether aspirin would increase the temporary hearing damage from loud noises.
Passage 8(p317)
Just two months ago, Ana, a teenager, was preparing for an important exam. Winners receive scholarships and be able to study in the United States. Ana knew her grades were excellent, but she must do well on the
1. Ana realizes that she must do well on the exam . 2. Ana has been studying English for seven years.
3. Ana experiences difficulty with the professor’s lectures. 4. Ana tells the interviewers about her family.
5. The best main idea for the first paragraph is Ana comes through with flying colors
Passage 9(p317)
Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value. 1. A postage stamp’s value to collectors is raised if a mistake is made in the printing. 2. In 1847 most countries of the world were not yet using postage stamps. 3. In 1847, the mistake on the locally printed postage stamps was in the wording 4. ＄16800 is the collector’s value of the Twopenny Blue. 5. The valuable stamps were designed by British printers.
Passage 10(p318)
In the English educational system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is taken at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the ability or aptitude shown on the
1. The purpose of this passage is to D describe the three tests that the English educational system is based on . 2. The exam for the Ordinary Level of the General Certificate of Education is administrated at the age of
A fifteen. 3. We may conclude from the passage that A the exam that is taken at age eighteen is narrower than the other two exams. 4. The passage suggests that B schooling is very closely controlled in England. 5. As used in the last sentence, the word “venture” means A to take the rise
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Passage 11(P319)
For centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimate part of the culture, economy and religion. And nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike its African cousin, the Asian 1. What can we know about African elephants from the passage? B It is hard to tame them. 2. Thailand was once called “Land of the White Elephant” because B white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s 3. Why is the Thai elephant “out of work”, according to the author? A Because the elephants are no longer useful to their owners.
4. Which of the following statements is true about the elephant population at various times? D Today the elephant population is estimated at 5150. 5. The passage is most probably from C a research report.
Passage 12(P320)
The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you’ll be able to record your entire life electronically-anything a microphone or a camera can sense you’ll be 1. By saying that he takes may images of his children, the author wants to C display the influence of communications on life . 2. The author most probably thinks the communications dust is B amazing. 3. Which of the following statements about the low-orbit satellites is true? C The low-orbit satellites would replace towers and poles functionally. 4. According to the passage, an optical-fiber audio-video link can enable us to A talk and see each other no matter where we are. 5. The phrase “each one”(Line2, para.5) can be best replaced by B each car.
Passage 13(P322)
Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business. We
1. According to the author’s opinion, schools are bad businesses because of D their characteristics. 2. The author used the phrase ―go under‖ in Para. 3 to mean A “get into difficulties.” 3. We can reasonably conclude from this passage that the author made an appeal to the public in order to
support B private schools. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about private schools? D Private schools are more profitable than public schools.
5. Which of the following ways could possibly save private schools? C National awareness and support.
Passage 14(P323)
Japan is getting tough about recycling-and not in the paper and plastic kind of way. Recently, the
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