长 沙 学 院
CHANGSHA UNIVERSITY
课程设计资料
课 程 题 目： 普通车床主轴设计
系 部： 机电工程系 专 业： 机械设计制造及其自动化 学 生 姓 名： 黄 志 强 班 级： 四 学号 2010011420 指导教师姓名： 陈蕾 职称 教授 最终评定成绩 ：
长沙学院教务处 二零一三年十二月制
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摘要
普通中型车床主轴箱设计，主要包括三方面的设计，即：根据设计题目所给定的机床用途、规格、主轴极限转速、转速数列公比或级数，确定其他有关运动参数，选定主轴各级转速值；通过分析比较，选择传动方案；拟定结构式或结构网，拟定转速图；确定齿轮齿数及带轮直径；绘制传动系统图。其次，根据机床类型和电动机功率，确定主轴及各传动件的计算转速，初定传动轴直径、齿轮模数，确定传动带型号及根数，摩擦片尺寸及数目；装配草图完成后要验算传动件（传动轴、主轴、齿轮、滚动轴承）的刚度、强度或寿命。最后，完成运动设计和动力设计后，要将主传动方案“结构化”，设计主轴变速箱装配图及零件图，侧重进行传动轴组件、主轴组件、变速机构、箱体、润滑与密封、传动轴及滑移齿轮零件的设计。
关键词：车床、主轴箱、变速系统、主轴组件。
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ABSTRACT
Common and medium-sized lather principal axis box design, mainly include the design of three aspects, namely:According to design topic give settle of the tool machine use, specification, principal axis extreme limit turn soon and turn soon the few rows male ratio or series, certain other relevant sport parameter, make selection principal axis all levels to turn to soon be worth;Pass an analysis comparison, choose to spread to move a project;Draft structure type or structure net, draft to turn soon diagram;Certain wheel gear Chi number and take a diameter;Draw to spread to move system diagram.Secondly, according to the tool machine type and the electric motor power, make sure that principal axis and each calculation which spread to move a piece turn soon, the beginning certainly spreads to move a stalk diameter, wheel gear mold number, make sure to spread to move to take model number and number, friction slice size and number;After assemble a grass diagram's completion want to check to spread to move a piece(spread to move stalk, principal axis, wheel gear and roll over bearings) on the whole of just degree, strength or life span.End, design and motive of completion sport spread the lord to move the project\structure turn\after design, design a principal axis to become soon a box assemble diagram and spare parts diagram and lay particular emphasis on to carry on spread to move stalk module, principal axis module and become soon organization, box a body, lubricate and seal completely, spread to move stalk and slippery move wheel gear spare parts of design.
Keyword：principal axis box, become soon system, principal axis.
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目录
目录.............................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 1、绪论.......................................................................................................................... 7 2．设计计算 ................................................................................................................. 9 2.1普通车床的规格 .................................................................................................. 9 2.1.1车床的规格系列和用处 ................................................................................ 9 2.1.2 操作性能要求 ............................................................................................... 9 3.主动参数参数的拟定 ................................................................................................ 9 3.1 确定传动公比? .................................................................................................. 9 3.2 主电动机的选择 ............................................................................................... 10 4.变速结构的设计 ...................................................................................................... 11 4.1 主变速方案拟定 ............................................................................................... 11 4.2 变速结构式、结构网的选择 ........................................................................... 11 4.2.1 确定变速组及各变速组中变速副的数目 ................................................. 11 4.2.2 变速式的拟定 ............................................................................................. 12 4.2.3 结构式的拟定 ............................................................................................. 12 4.2.4 结构网的拟定 ............................................................................................. 12 4.2.5 结构式的拟定 ............................................................................................. 13 4.2.6 结构式的拟定 ............................................................................................. 13 4.2.7 确定各变速组变速副齿数 ......................................................................... 15 4.2.8 绘制变速系统图 ......................................................................................... 16 5.结构设计 .................................................................................................................. 17 5.1 结构设计的内容、技术要求和方案 ............................................................... 17 5.2 展开图及其布置 ............................................................................................... 17 5.3 I轴（输入轴）的设计 ...................................................................................... 17 5.4 齿轮块设计 ....................................................................................................... 18 5.5 传动轴的设计 ................................................................................................... 19 5.6 主轴组件设计 ................................................................................................... 20 5.6.1 各部分尺寸的选择 ..................................................................................... 20 5.6.2 主轴材料和热处理 ..................................................................................... 20 5.6.3 主轴轴承 ..................................................................................................... 21 5.6.4 主轴与齿轮的连接 ..................................................................................... 22 5.6.5 润滑与密封 ............................................................................................... 22 5.6.6 其他问题 ..................................................................................................... 22 6.传动件的设计 .......................................................................................................... 23
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