名词(人)+spend十时间、金钱 + on sth. / ( in ) doing sth.”。例如:
He always spends a lot of money on books.(他总是花很多钱买书。)
She spent many years (in) learning to speak English.(她花了好多年学习说英语。) (3)cost作“花费”解时,主语不可以是人,它的句式结构为“it/名词(事,物)+cost十人称代词(宾格)/名词(人)+时间、金钱十to do sth.”。例如:
The invention cost him much time.(这个发明花了他许多时间。) The house cost her $1,000,000.(这幢房子花了她一百万美元。)
(4)pay有“付款”的意思,必须与介词for连用,结构为“pay十金钱、时间十for sth.”,表示“负??的费用”。例如:
I paid 50 dollars for the walkman.(我花了50美元买了这只步行录放机。) 67. want, would like, wish, prefer
(1)want和would都表示“想要”。want的语气比较直接、坚定,而would like则显得婉转有礼。如果想要做的事情需要得到他人或环境的许可,以用would like为宜。want和would like后都可接名词或不定式。例如:
I want to go to the movies this evening.(今天晚上我要去看电影。)
I would like to go to the movies this evening,if that’s all right.(今晚我想去看电影,如果你许可。)
注意:want和 would like在疑问句中含义稍有差别。“do you want?”是问“要不要”,而“would you like?”是问“想不想要”,有“请求”、“邀约”的含义。例如:
Would you like something to drink?(现在你要不要喝点什么?) Do you want anything to drink?(你要喝点什么?)
Would you like to help me with my lessons?(你愿不愿意帮我做功课?) Do you want to help me with my lessons?(你帮不帮我做功课?)
(2)wish 和want,would like一样,表示“希望;想要”的意思,常用于正式的场合,它的语气比want弱。例如:
Why do you wish to see the headmaster?(你为什么想见校长?) I wish to make a suggestion.(我想提建议。)
然而在一般的场合都是用want或would like。例如: I want/would like to see your father.
当后面接名词时,wish只可接success,a happy New Year等表示祝愿的名词,而want
或 would like则可接任何想要的东西。例如:
I wish you a happy birthday.(祝你生日快乐。)
I want/would like a single room.(我想要一个单人房间。)
(3)prefer的含义是“宁可;更喜欢”,可以用名词或动名词作宾语。它后面常接“to十名词或动名词”以表示比较不喜欢或不愿的部分。例如:
I prefer dogs to cats.(喜欢狗,不喜欢猫。)
I prefer death to dishonor.(我宁愿死,也不愿受屈辱。)
He prefers swimming to skating.(她比较喜欢游泳而不喜欢溜冰。) 68. way,raod,street,path
这四个词都有“道路”之意:way一般指为了去某地而途中必须经过的路”(地方),可以是马以田地、森林、山路等。way伪含义广,包含着去指定地点的走法。road的含义比way窄,指通行的道路、大路:street主要指市、镇为街道、马路。而path是指未经开凿的、靠人、畜自然走出来的小路。例如:
Which is the best way there?(到那边去哪条路最好?) There are two trucks on the road.(路上有两辆大卡车。)
Fleet Street is one of the busiest streets in London.(弗利特大街是伦敦是热闹的街道之一。)
We walked along the path across the field.(我们沿着田埂穿越田野。) 69. win,beat
win是“赢”的意思,作及物动词时,其宾语通常是a game(游戏),a battle(战役),victory(胜利),a prize(奖),a contest(竞赛),a race(赛跑),a bet打赌),money(金钱)等。
win若用“人”做宾语,意思是:“赢得某人的好感”,它可以有两个宾语,有“使人赢得”的意思。例如:
Our college team won the game yesterday.(昨天我们校队赢得了这场比赛。)
His work will certainly win him a great deal of money.(他的作品一定会使他赚得大笔金钱。)
beat是“打胜;打赢”的意思,是及物动词、其宾语是被击败的“人”或“队”,而非事情。例如:
My classmates beat me at poker today.(今天玩扑克牌,我的同学赢了我。)
Our volleyball team can beat all the other teams.(我们的排球队能够击败所有其他的队。)