the past. No error (E).
以上就是关于SAT语法知识点中动词过去时态的相关信息,其中最重要的也是最基础的一点就是动词过去分词。大家可以在备考自己的SAT语法考试的时候,进行适当的参考和借鉴。
SAT语法常见错误10类
一、不一致
所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致,它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。 例1. When one have money ,he can do what he want to . (人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么就干什么。) 剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has ;同理,want应改为wants.本句是典型的主谓不一致。 改为: Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do) 二、修饰语错位(Misplaced Modifiers)
英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置,句子的含义可能引起变化。对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视,因而造成了不必要的误解。例 1. I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus. 剖析:better位置不当,应置于句末。 三、句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)
在口语中,交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清,这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,笔者又想加些补充说明时发生。 例1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on . 剖析:本句后半部分”for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .“不是一个完整的句子,仅为一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。 改为:There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.
四、悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中”at the age of ten”只点出十岁时,但没有说明“ 谁”十岁时。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点,全句就不那么费解了。 改为: When I was ten, my grandfather died. 例1. To do well in college, good grades are essential. 剖析:句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚。 改为: To do well in college, a student needs good grades. 五、词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)
“词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。 例1. None can negative the importance of money. 剖析:negative 系形容词,误作动词。 改为: None can deny the importance of money.
六、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)
指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句: Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid. (玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。)读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为: Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid. 例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself. 剖析:句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。改为: We can also know society by serving it ourselves.
七、不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)
什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。 例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world. 剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways.” 以及“We get to know the outside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。 改为: There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或: There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八、措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)
Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题,囿于教学时间紧迫,教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限,影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲,拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。 例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution. (农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。 改为: The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution. 九、累赘(Redundancy)
言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。如: In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him. 本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为:In spite of his laziness, I like him. 例1. For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need. 剖析:整个句子可以大大简化。 改为: Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need. 十、不连贯(Incoherence)
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。 例1. The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. 剖析:The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。 改为: Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
以上就是这10类SAT语法考试常见错误的全部内容,其中绝大部分都是关于基础语法知识的项目,对逻辑结构的考察更为重点。大家可以在备考自己的SAT语法考试的时候,进行适当的练习 1. 简洁原则
because 比because of,aware of, considering;主动>被动;直接>间接;动词〉名词。 2. run on 句型 SVO,SVO
两个句子相连:SVO,conj SVO 或者SVO;SVO
副词和介词不能连接两个句子:SVO,adv SVO 或者SVO,prep SVO adv:①以ly 结尾的词;②词根判断法;③however, thus, hence, then, also, even 练习:
SVO, thus SVO. SVO, however SVO. SVO, but SVO. SVO, although SVO. SVO; therefore SVO. SVO; but SVO. SVO; although SVO. 3. 逻辑主语Logic subject
doing/done ··· ,SVO. adj./adv. ,SVO 4. having,being
自杀词:在句子中充当时态的组成部分。 正确:放在句首大写。 5. 时态tense
6. 单复数singular & plural
5、6 常常合在一起考,从动词开始划线
7. 平行结构parallel structure
① doing, doing, and doing / 名词,名词,and 名词 ② 两者之间的平行 ③ 同类相比较 8. 固定用法
so that, just as… so, had hardly…when,no sooner…than,…not… any more… 9. 双主语
N SVO / N, SVO / N, S, VO。 10. 同位语优先 主语,…,VO
11.代词pronoun(it, they, their, which, that) ①singular & plural;
②不能pro-verb, per-sentence; ③不能pro-none; ④ambiguous usage;
⑤一个句子有两个同样的指代,成立前提是必须指代同一内容―― plague 原则 12. S,…,V+O
错误用法:S, ... , doing+OS, ... , which / that +OS, ... , and +v. +OS, ... , he / she +v.+O 13. S+V+O;S+V+O→S+V+O;it+V+O it 只能指代上一句话的主语。 S+V+O,which… S+V+O,ving/ved…
排三剩二时口诀:有A 选A,无A 选短。 定语从句>分词短语>平行句 14. the reason… be that ① the reason… be that ② the reason… because
以上就是这14条SAT语法知识点的总结内容,非常详细,虽然没有例子做辅助理解,但是大家还是可以根据自己以往的语法知识有一个大概的印象,这样就可以在备考中遇到这些知识点的时候引起注意,然后更加详细的备考。