27.阅读理解
如图a,在△ABC中,D是BC的中点.如果用S?ABC表示△ABC的面积,则由等底等高的三角形的面积相等,可得
BAA1S?ABC.同理,如图b,在△ABC中,D、21E是BC的三等分点,可得S?ABD?S?ADE?S?AEC?S?ABC.
3S?ABD?S?ACD?D图aCBDEC图b结论应用 A已知:△ABC的面积为42,请利用上面的结论解决下列问题:
DE(1)如图1,若D、E分别是AB、AC的中点,CD
F与BE交于点F,则△DBF的面积为____________; CB图1类比推广
(2)如图2,若D、E是AB的三等分点,F、G是AC的三等分点,CD分别交BF、BG于M、N,CE分别交BF、BG于P、Q,求△BEP的面积; A
DF M NEPG
Q CB图2
探究新知
(3)如图3,问题(2)中的条件不变,求四边形EPMD的面积.
A
DF MNE GP QCB 图3
七年级 数学期中统测 第 6 页 共 6 页
2013--2014学年度北京市第十三中学分校
第二学期期中 七年级 数学答案
一 选 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6、 7、 8、 9、 10 择 A B D A B D B C C D 题 二 填 1空 11. ?; 12.?3; 13.220 ; 14. 0,1; 3题 15.108 ; 16.75; 17.(-5,-2); 18.199
19.计算
(1)25?3125?(?1)2
16642551解:原式=??
4421 = ……………………5分
2(2)49?327?1?2+(1?5)2 .
4 解:原式=7-3+2?1?1 41 =3?2 ……………………5分
43x?1?1?2x并将解集在数轴上表示出来. 20.(1) 解不等式 ............2
解:3x-1+2≥4x -x≥-1
x≤1 ……………………3分
正确画出数轴 ……………………4分
七年级 数学期中统测 第 7 页 共 6 页
?5x?2?3(x?2), ?(2)求不等式组?x?12x?1的整数解. ...
≤. ?3?2解:解不等式①,得 5x?2?3x?6. ································································································· 2分 x?2. ·
解不等式②,得 3x?3?4x?2.
?x?1.
································································································ 4分 x??1. ·
在数轴上表示不等式①,②的解集,
∴这个不等式组的解集是: ?1?x?2. ·························································· 5分
∴这个不等式组的整数解是:-1、0、1 ······························································ 6分
21.解:(1)如图,过A作AH⊥x轴于点H.
S?ABC?S梯AHOC?S?AHB?S?OBC
?12?(AH?OC)?HO
A′ A C 12AH?BH?12OB?OC
H B B′ ?12?(7?3)?6?12?7?3?12?3?3
··················2分 ?15. ·
(2)如图,A?(?1,8),B?(2,1); ············ 4分
(3)m =3,n =1. ················································································· 6分
22.证明:∵AD∥BE( 已知 ),
∴∠A= ∠EBC ( 两直线平行,同位角相等 ), 又∵∠1=∠2( 已知 ),
∴ED∥ AC ( 内错角相等,两直线平行 ),
∴∠E= ∠EBC (两直线平行, 内错角相等 ), ∴∠A=∠E( 等量代换 ).………………………………4分
七年级 数学期中统测 第 8 页 共 6 页
23.解:(1)∵AD∥BC,
∴∠2=∠ACB. ································· 1分 又∵∠1=∠2, ∴∠1=∠ACB. ∴EF∥AC. ································· 3分
(2)∵AD∥BC,
∴∠D+∠BCD=180°. ∵∠D=120°, ∴∠BCD = 60°. ······················································································ 4分 ∵CA平分∠BCD,
∴∠ACB =?BCD=30°. ········································································· 5分
21∵EF∥AC,
∴∠1 =∠ACB =30°.
在△FBE中,∠B+∠1+∠BFE=180°. ∵∠B=50°, ∴∠BFE= 100°. ······················································································· 6分
24、证明:∵在△PAB中,PA+PB ?AB 在△PBC中,PC+PB ?BC 在△PAC中,PA+PC ?AC ∴2(PA+PB+PC) ?AB+BC+AC ∴ PA+PB+PC)?
1AB+BC+AC ························································ 4分 225、解:(1)设新建一个地上停车位需x万元,新建一个地下停车位需y万元. ······ 1分
?x?y?0.6,根据题意,得? ····································································· 2分
?3x?2y?1.3.解这个方程组,得??x?0.1,?y?0.5.
答:新建一个地上停车位需0.1万元,新建一个地下停车位需0.5万元. ····· 3分 ﹙2﹚设新建m个地上停车位,则新建(50-m)个地下停车位. 根据题意,得12<0.1m+0.5(50-m) ≤13. ··········································· 4分
65解得 30≤m<. ················································································· 5分
2∵m为整数,
∴m=30,31,32. ∴50-m=20,19,18. 答:有三种建造方案:方案一:新建30个地上停车位和20地下停车位;方案二:
31个地上停车位和19地下停车位;方案三:32个地上停车位和18地下停车位. ·········································································································· 6分
七年级 数学期中统测 第 9 页 共 6 页
D 26.解(1)15°;
C A 15°
E
B 第26题-1
······················································································································· 2分
(2)15°,45°,105°,135°,150°; ························································· 4分
参考画图如下:
105° 45 °
150 ° 135°
阅卷说明:在第(2)小题中,不要求画图,没有答出15°不扣分,其它四个结
果每两个结果得1分,全正确得2分.
(3)设BD分别交AC,AE于点M,N, D 在△AMN中,∠AMN+∠CAE+∠ANM=180°,
A M α ∵∠ANM=∠E+∠BDE, C N ∠AMN=∠C+∠DBC,
∴∠E+∠BDE+∠CAE+∠C +∠DBC=180°.
B E ∵∠C=30°,∠E=45°,
∴∠BDE+∠CAE+∠BDC=105°. 第26题图-2 ······················································································································5分
七年级 数学期中统测 第 10 页 共 6 页
27.(1) △DBF的面积为 7 ; -----------------1分
(2) 解:连接PA.
∵在△PAB中,D、E是AB的三等分点, ∴S?PBA?3S?PBE,S?PAE?2S?PBE. ∵在△PAC中,F、G是AC的三等分点, ∴S?PAC?3S?PAF.
BEPADFNQ图2CGM∵在△ABC中,D、E是AB的三等分点,F、G是AC的三等分点, ∴S?CAE?2211S?ABC??42?28, S?BAF?S?ABC??42?14. 3333设S?PEB?x,S?PFA,?3x?y?14 解得 ?y,则由题意得 ?3y?2x?28.??x?2, ?y?8.?∴S?PEB?2. -----------------3分
(3) 解:连接AM.
∵在△MAB中,D、E是AB的三等分点, ∴S?MAB?3S?MAD.
∵在△MAC中,F、G是AC的三等分点, ∴S?MAC?3S?MAF.
BEPQ图3CADFNGM∵在△ABC中,D、E是AB的三等分点,F、G是AC的三等分点, ∴ S?BAF?S?CAD?11S?ABC??42?14. 33设S?MAD?m,S?MFA?n,则由题意得 ?,?3m?n?14 解得
?3n?m?14.?m?3.5, ??n?3.5.∴S?MAD?3.5. ∴S?MBD?2S?MAD?7. 由(2)可知 S?PEB?2,
∴S四边形EPMD?S?MBD?S?PEB?7?2?5. -------------4分
七年级 数学期中统测 第 11 页 共 6 页