英语强调句学习要领
1. 强调句的基本结构
It+be+被强调成分+that (who)…
He bought the book in this shop yesterday.
→It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he) →It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book) →It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)
【注】在该强调结构中，it is (was)…that (who)…为结构词，它通常可以省略，而不影响句子的意思。
2. 强调句用that还是who
当被强调部分指人时，可以用who代that；当被强调部分指物时通常用that。注意：强调事物时，通常不宜用which来代that，另外当强调时间或地点状语时，通常也不能用when / where代that(尤其是当这些状语为介词短语时)。
3. 关于被强调成分
该强调句型中，被强调的成分除了是名词、代词、介词短语等之外, 也可以是从句： It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. 他回来后才知道所发生的情况。 It was because he loved my money that he married me. 他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。 【注意】
(1) 该句型可强调because引导原因状语从句，但通常不能强调由 since, as引导的原因状语从句，另外也不强调由although引导的让步状语从句。
(2) 该句型可以强调主语，但不强调表语。 4. 强调句的疑问句形式 (1). 一般疑问句的强调结构
一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首，即使用“Is / Was it+ 被强调部分 + that / who…”。如：
Is it Tommy who answered the telephone? 是汤米接的电话吗?
Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits? 报纸获利最多的部分是在于广告收入吗？
(2). 特殊疑问句的强调结构
特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who / What / When / Where / Why / How)+is / was it that…”这样的形式。如：
When was it that he got married? 他是什么时候结婚的?
How long ago is it that you last saw her? 你上一次看见她是多久以前的事?
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Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯? Why is it that I always land up cleaning the bath? 为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸?
In which play of Shakespeare’s is it that Viola appears? 维欧拉是在莎士比亚那个剧里出现的吗? 特殊疑问句形式的强调句可视为对陈述句强调中的被强调成分提问得来，如对It was yesterday that he arrived. 这一句中的yesterday提问，即得到When was it that he arrived?
5. not...until用于强调句
其基本形式为It is (was) not until…that…。比较：
He didn’t come until his wife left. 他妻子走了之后他才来。 It was not until his wife left that he came. 他妻子走了之后他才来。 They didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停他们才出发。
It was not until the rain stopped that they started. 直到雨停他们才出发。
【现用现学】
01. — When was _________?
—_________ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It
02. It was his nervousness in the interview _________ probably lost him the job. A. which B. since C. that D. what 03. It was what he meant rather than what he said _________ annoyed me. A. which B. as C. what D. that
04. “How was _________ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which 05. Who was it _________ saved the drowning girl?
A. since B. as C. that D. he 06. It was when she was about to go to bed _________ the telephone rang. A. since B. as C. that D. then 07. It was more than a year now _________ he had seen her.
A. that B. since C. when D. which
08. “Was it here _________ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, it was gone.”
A. that B. while C. which D. where 09. When was _________ that the general manager left for Japan?
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A. he B. it C. that D. since 10. It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that 11. It was lack of money, not of effort, _________ defeated their plan. A. which B. as C. that D. what 12. It was _________ back home after the experiments.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
13. It is the protection for the trees _________ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted. A. what B. that C. which D. we 14. It was _________ he said _________ disappointed me.
A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what
15. It was for this reason _________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which B. why C. that D. how 【参考答案】01—05 DCDAC 06—10 CBBBC 11—12 CCBAC
高考英语倒装句归纳考点
倒装类考点是近几年高考英语的一个重要考点，同时也是一个命题很有规律的考点，因为综观近几年的高考英语倒装试题，它只涉及三种类型——掌握它，你就可以“通杀”它！
考点一 考查否定型倒装
这里说的否定型倒装，其实就是指将含有否定意义的词语置于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。 否定词no, none, neither, nor, nobody, nothing, never，或半否定词hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, few, 否定词的短语not until, by no means, not only?but also?, in no way, neither ?nor?, in no time, no sooner?than?, hardly?when?, 及频度状语副词every day, every otherday, many a time, often等位于句首时，一般须部分倒装。我们先看看高考是怎样考的（答案分别为CDC）：
1. Never before ______ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. (2012江西卷)
A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has
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2. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______ having a holiday abroad. (2012辽宁卷)
A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider 3. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently. (2012四川卷)
A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is 1. 将否定词hardly置于句首
Hardly had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly. 话刚出口，她就后悔不迭。 Hardly had they reached Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London . 他们刚到爱丁堡，就接到了返回伦敦的命令。
2. 将否定词seldom置于句首
Seldom have I read an article that was so full of lies. 我很少读到充斥这么多谎言的文章。 Seldom do we hear such fine singing from school choirs. 我们很少能听到学校的合唱团有如此好的歌唱了。
3. 将否定词neither置于句首
I can’t ever recall Dad hugging me. Neither did I sit on his knee. 我不记得爸爸曾经抱过我，我也没在他膝盖上坐过。
The authorities were not sympathetic to the students’ demands, neither would they tolerate any disruption. 当局既不支持学生们的要求，也不会容忍任何混乱发生。
4. 将否定词never置于句首
Never before had he seen so many people starving. 以前他从未见过这么多人挨饿。 Never in my wildest dreams had I thought I would go to Hollywood. 我做梦也没想到自己会去好莱坞。
5. 将否定词nor置于句首
I don’t expect children to be rude, nor do I expect to be disobeyed. 我不希望孩子们没有礼貌，也不希望他们不听话。
He doesn’t want to live in the country when he grows up, nor does he want to live in the city. 他长大后不想住在乡下，也不想住在城里。
6. 将否定词little置于句首
Little did they know they were to be reunited ten years later. 他们简直想不到10年后竟又能团聚。
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Little did I think that we were talking together for the last time. 我没有想到我们这次谈话竞成诀别。
Little does he know, but we’re flying to Geneva next weekend to celebrate his birthday. 他还不知道呢，下周末我们要飞往日内瓦去给他庆祝生日。
7. 将否定词nowhere置于句首
Nowhere is drug abuse more of a problem than in the US. 没有什么地方吸毒问题比美国更严重。
Nowhere does the article mention the names of the people involved. 这篇文章并没有提及相关人员的名字。
8. 将否定词no sooner置于句首
No sooner had I got into the house than the phone rang. 我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。 No sooner had I started mowing the lawn than it started raining. 我刚开始修剪草坪就开始下雨了。
9. 将否定词not until置于句首
Not until he received her letter did he fully understand the depth of her feelings. 他直到收到她的信之后才充分理解她的感情有多深。
Not until I left home did I begin to understand how strange my family was. 只有在我离开家以后，我才开始理解我的家庭有多么奇怪。
二、only型倒装
所谓only型倒装，指的是当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。我们先看看高考是怎样考的（答案分别为AC）：
1. Only after Mary read her composition the second time ______ the spelling mistake. (2012天津卷)
A. did she notice B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has noticed 2. Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters. (2012上海卷)
A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage 【考点归纳】“only+状语”位于句首时引出的倒装主要有以下三类： 1. only+副词
Only later did we realize the true significance of his remark. 我们直到后来才明白他的话的真正含义。
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