(1)求(2)记
f(x)的单调区间;
xi为f(x)的从小到大的第i(i?N*)个零点,证明:对一切n?N*,有
11??22x1x2
?12? 2xn3
数学(文)(湖南卷)参考答案
一、 选择题
(1)B (2)C (3)D (4)A (5)B (6)C (7)D (8)B (9)C D
二、 填空题
(11)-3 (12)x?y?1?0 (13)7 (14)???,?1??1,??? (15)?32三、 解答题 (16)解:
(I)当n?1时,a1?S1?1;
2当n?2时,an2?n?n?1???n?1?n?Sn?Sn?1?2?2?n, 故数列?an?的通项公式为an?n.
(II))由(1)可得bnnn?2???1?n,记数列?bn?的前2n项和为T2n,则
T2n??21?22??22n????1?2?3?4??2n?.1?22?????22n
记A?2,B??1?2?3?4?????2n,则2(1 A??22n)1?2?22n?1?2 B?(?1?2)?(?3?4)???????(2n?1)?2n??n.故数列?bn?的前2n项和T2n?A?B?22n?1?n?2. 17解:
10) (
(I)甲组研发新产品的成绩为:1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,其平均数x甲?22?21??2?2??s???1???10??0???5??,
15?3?????3??92甲102?;方差153乙组研发新产品的成绩为:1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,其平均数x乙?22?61??3?3??s???1???9??0???6??,
15?5????5??25?2乙93?,方差为15522因为x甲?x乙,s甲,所以甲组的研发水平优于乙组.
??b?,?a,b?,?a,b?共7个,故事件E发生的频?a,b?,?a,b?,?a,b?,?a,b?,?a,率为
7 157. 15将频率视为概率,即得所求概率为P?E??(18)解:
(I)如图,因为DO??,AB??,所以DO?AB,连接BD,由题可知?ABD是正三角形,又
E是AB的中点,所以DE?AB,而DODE?D,故AB?平面ODE.
(II)因为BC//AD,所以BC与OD所成的角等于AD与OD所成的角,即?ADO是BC与
OD所成的角,由(I)可知,AB?平面ODE,所以AB?OE,又DE?AB,于是?DEO是二
面角??MN??的平面角,从而?DEO?60,不妨设AB?2,则AD?2,易知DE?3,在
0Rt?DOE中,
DO?DEsin600?32,连接
AO,在
Rt?AOD33DO23中,cos?ADO???,所以异面直线BC与OD所成角的余弦值为.
4AD24(19)解:
:如图设?CED??
(I)在?CDE中,由余弦定理可得EC?CD?DE?2CDDEcos?EDC,于是又题设可知 7?CD?1?CD,即CD?CD?6?0,解得CD?2(CD??3?0舍去),
22222在?CDE中,由正弦定理可得
DECD??sin??sin?EDCsin?CDsin2?323?2?21, EC77即sin?CED?21. 72?,于是由(I)知cos??3,
21?sin??(I)由题设可得0???2127,而?1?497以
?AED?2???3所
c?AEB??2???o????3?????s????cos??23123sin?c 223oEA21273217???????,在Rt?EAB中,cos?AEB?, BEBE272714所以BE?22??47. cos?AEB?7???14??(20)解:
?23?设C2的焦距为2c2,由题可得2c2?2,2a1?2,从而a1?1,c2?1,因为点P??3,1??在双曲
???23?2y22??1?b?3,由椭圆的定义可得 线x?2?1上,所以??12?3?bb11??22?23??23?222a2???1?1??1?1?23?a2?3, ????????3??3?????y2y2x2?1,??1. b?a?c?2,所以C1,C2的方程为x?332222222222(II)不存在符合题设条件的直线.
(i)若直线l垂直于x轴 ,因为l与C2只有一个公共点,所以直线的方程为x?2或
x??2, 当x?2时,易知AAB.
?2,3B,??2?,?3所,以OA?OB?22,AB?23,此时
OA?OB?当x??2时,同理可得OA?OB?AB.
?y?kx?m?(i)当直线l不垂直于x轴,设l的方程为y?kx?m,由 ?2y2可得
?1?x?3??3?k?x222?2kmx?m?3?,0当l与C1相交于A,B两点时,设A?x1,y1?,B?x2,y2?,则
x1,x2满足上述方程的两个实根,从而
2kmm2?33k2?3m222x1?x2?,x1x2?2,于是y1y2?kx1x2?km?x1?x2??m?, 223?kk?3k?3?y?kx?m?由?y2x2可得
?1??32??2k2?3?x2?4kmx?2m2?6?0,因为直线l与C2只有一个公共点,所以上述方程的判别
222222式??0?16km?82k?3m?3?0,化简可得2k?m?3,因此
????m2?33k2?3m2?k2?3OAOB?x1x2?y1y2?2??2?0, 2k?3k?3k?3于是OA?OB?2OAOB?OA?OB?2OAOB,即OA?OB?OA?OB222222,所以
OA?OB?(21)解:
AB,综合(i)(ii)可知,不存在符合题目条件的直线
(I)数f?x?求导可得f'?x??cosx?xsinx?cosx??xsinx?x?0?,令f'?x??0可得
x?k??k?N*?,当x??2k?,?2k?1????k?N*?时,sinx?0.此时f'?x??0;
当x??2k?1??,?2k?2?????k?N*?时,sinx?0,此时f'?x??0, ???k?N*?,
故函数f?x?的单调递减区间为2k?,?2k?1??单调递增区间为
??2k?1??,?2k?2????k?N*?.
????x?,所以, ?01?22??(II)由(1)可知函数f?x?在区间?0,??上单调递减,又f?当n?N*时,因为f?n??f?1??n?1????????nn?1??0,且函数n??1????1??n?1???1???f?x?的图像是连续不断的,所以f?x?在区间?n?,?n?1???内至少存在一个零点,又f?x?在区间n?,?n?1??上是单调的,故n??xn?1??n?1??,因此, 当n?1时,
??142??; 22x1?31112; ??4?1???2x12x2?23当n?2时,当n?3时,
111+2?2?2x1x2x311?1?2?2?4?1?2?xn??2?11?1?2?2?5??xn??1?2??2??n?1???1??? n?2n?1?????1111?2+2?2?x1x2x3?111+2?2?x12x2x3?11??1??5??1???2xn?2???2?1???1??????n?2n?1???1?1?626???2?, 2???n?1??311?2?2x1x2?12?. 2xn3综上所述,对一切的n?N*,