高考英语强调句 - 图文

教学过程 语法——强调句专题 知识导入 观察下面这个句子，根据要求来写出句子。 He met an old friend in the park yesterday. 强调主语 ： 强调宾语： 强调时间状语： 强调地点状语： 语法知识梳理 一、强调句型的分类 1. 用It is／was…that／who…句型表示强调。 被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。 2. not … until … 句型的强调句 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 3. 谓语动词的强调 It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。 e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！ 注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 4. 疑问句的强调结构： 一般疑问句：Is / Was + it + that +句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。简单的答语为：“Yes,it is/was.”或 “No,it isn’t/wasn’t.” 即时练习： (1)----Was____that I saw last night at the concert? ---- No, it wasn’t. A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself (2)----\ -----_______. A. I didn't know he was. B.Yes, it was. C. No, he wasn't. D.Yes, he did. (3) Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronaut succeeded ________ landing on the moon? A. when;on B.that;on C.when; in D.that; in Key: ABD 5. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+ is / was + it + that +句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。 Egg: Where did you see her cellphone yesterday ? Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词where） How will you go to visit her tomorrow? How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? （强调特殊疑问词how） 即时练习： (1) I really don’t know _____I had my money stolen. A where is it that B when it is that C where it was that D it was where that (2) ____ find my wallet ,Tom ? A.Where did you that B. Where was it you C. Where have you D.Where was it that you (3). Where was it ________ you found the lost child? A. who B.that C.which D.what Key: CDB 6. 从句的强调： I came home late because it was raining hard. It was because it was raining hard that I came home late. (强调状语从句) （注意：被强调的原因状语从句只能用because引导，不能用as或since引导) What you said really made us sad. It was what you said that really made us sad.(强调主语从句) It was where there had been a theatre that they built a new modern school． 他们是在以前曾有过一个剧场的地方建造了一所新的现代化学校。 即时练习： (1) It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ____attracted the audience's interest. A. so that B.that C.what D.in which (2). It was only when I reread his poems recently ________ I began to appreciate their beauty. A. until B. that C.then D.so (3)_____the people ____have become the masters of their country_____science can really serve the people. A.It is only when ; that; where B They are;/;when C.It is only when; / ;that D It was when;that;then Key: BBC 二、强调句型的判断 把“It, be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如： （1）①It is he who / that often helps me with my English. ②It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. ③It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.(Shanghai 2003, spring) 分析：去掉It is / was... that / who 句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。 ④ It was 9 o'clock when we came back我们回来时是九点钟。 ⑤ It was 3 hours since we had come back．我们回来已三个小时了。 分析：在上面例句中若去掉It was... when / before / since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。 即时练习： ① It was at the theatre _________ Lincoln was murdered. A. which B. that C. where D. the one ② It was our teacher ________did the experiment in the lab last night. A. whom B. that C. which D. where ③ It was ten years ago________ Miss Gao returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as ④ It was ________ he said ______disappointed me. A. what; that B.that; that C. what; what D.that; what ⑤ It was for this reason ____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A. which B.why C.that D.how Key: BBAAC 三、强调句型几注意 首先，我们按强调句的语序来总结强调句的五项注意： 1. 句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等。 2. be动词的形式是is或was，不能用复数形式are或were。 若原句谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is;若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用 was. Eg: It___the Chinese women that___a great role in the socialist construction. A is;plays B are;play C is;play D are;plays Key: C 3. 被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。如： (1)It is him that/who /whom I met in the street yesterday. (2)It is I who/that am wrong. 4. 连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。 Eg: It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded. It was at the gate ________ he told me the news. A. that B.what C.which D.when Key: A 5. 主谓一致问题 被强调的主语要和 that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。 即时练习： （1）It is Mary who often_____( help) me with my English. （2）It is I that ____(be)against you. （3）It is the boy students of Class Two who ___(be)playing football on the playground. （4）It is Mr Green ,together with his wife and children ,that ____in China now. A are B is C was D were (5) It was neither you nor he that___to blame for the mistake. Key: (1)helps ; (2) am; (3)is; (4)B; (5)was 6. not… until 结构的强调： 强调“not…until”引导的时间状语时，要用“it is/was not until…that…”结构,，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。 Eg: We did not get off the bus until it stopped . It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus. (注意：强调该结构时not until不能分开) 即时练习： (1)It was not until 1920___ regular radio broadcast began. A. while B. which C. that D. since C (2)It was not ____ she took off her dark glasses ____ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C .until; when D. when; then (3) It was ________ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn't go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn't go (4)It was not until ________ that ________ to prepare his lessons A. did his father come in; the boy began B. his father came in; the boy began C. did his father come in; did the boy begin D. his father came in did the boy begin Key:CBCD 7.强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别： （1） It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.(强调句式) （2） It was 1921 when our Party was founded.(定语从句) (3 ) It was on the farm that we practised planting crops. = We practised planting crops on the farm. (4) It was the farm where we learned a lot . (5) It was at the street corner that I met Lucy yesterday. = I met Lucy at the street corner yesterday (6) It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday. (7) Was it in this palace that the last emperor died? 8. 强调句型与主语从句的区别： 强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be… that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。而含主语从句的复合句中的it是指示代词，后面多为系表结构或被动语态。如果去掉It be…that，句子就不通顺了。如： It was in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris that they did the experiment. （=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris.） It is certain that he is honest and modest. 很显然，他是诚实而谦虚的。 It is known to all that paper was made first in China. 众所周知，纸是中国人最早制造出来的。 do(does/did)引出强调句 (1).在谓语动词之前（通常是现在时和过去时的句子，可用助动词do(does/did) 来强调动词,这时谓语动词须用原形动词。Do(does/did)可译成“确实” “的确”。 To my great joy,, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for. He does work hard and finish the job in time. (2).在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定，千万” Do come and see us some day. Do give her my regards. 语法例题精讲 1.It was only with the help of the local guide . A.was the mountain climber rescued? B.that the mountain climber was rescued? C.when the mountain climber was rescued? D.then the mountain climber was rescued 【解析】 本题是对强调句型的考查。考生很容易将其误认为是倒装句，而选A项。only with the help of the local guide 为被强调的部分，故选项B为本题的正确答案。 【答案】 B。强调句型的基本结构为：It be+被强调的部分+that/who+其他。在去掉It be和that/who后，剩下的部分可以组成一个成分不缺、意思完整的句子。 历年有关强调句的考题： 2. It was _____ he came bank from Africa _________ he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 【解析】本题考查的是强调句型。根据It is ……that 结构可知。