vray物理相机教程
VRay Physical Camera Tutorial/vray物理相机教程
翻译by:ghostxx.com
If you haven’t used a manual photo camera in real life, this tutorial is for you! 如果你还没有使用过相机在现实生活中,那本教程就是给你的!
As a photographer, I’ve always found the settings for VRay Physical Camera very natural and self-explanatory.
作为一个摄影师,我经常发现,设置VRay物理相机效果很自然且不言自明。
So it came as a bit of a surprise to find out how many people actually find them frustrating and hard to understand!
但是发现有不少人觉得它难和难以理解!
So here’s my attempt to simplify it a bit! 所以我试图简化一点解释这个!
Focal Length/焦距
This is the first parameter you should pay attention to. 这是第一个应该注意的参数。
It is set in millimeters and works just like changing a lens on a SLR camera. 它被设置为毫米，工作原理就像改变一个单反相机的镜头。
Low value = large angle of view (Wide Angle lens in photographer lingo) High value = small angle of view (Tele Photo lens).
低值=大视角(广角镜头在摄影师行话里)高值=小的视角(Tele照片镜头)。
Just look at this image to see what I’m talking about! 看看这张图片就像我所说的那样!
Keep it realistic!\\保持真实!
It is scientifically proven that the focal length of a human eye is ~45mm so images rendered with this value will look most natural to people.
科学证明,人类的眼睛的焦距是45毫米所以图像渲染与该值相近将看起来最自然。
Wide angles will make rooms look larger, objects further away and distorted and stretched out. 宽角度将会使房间看起来更大、物体更远并扭曲。
Tele photo lens (50mm+) will make objects appear closer to viewer and to each other as well as make spaces seem smaller.
Tele照片透镜(50毫米+)会使物体看起来更接近镜头，使空间显得更小。
SLR cameras use lenses from 6mm to 800, but most of the time it’s more like 16mm to 300mm. 使用单反相机镜头从6毫米到800,但大多数时候使用16毫米到300毫米。
The extremely wide or tele lenses can cost as much as a nice used car, so most people don’t have a chance to buy them.
宽屏或电视镜头的售价高达一辆不错的二手车,所以大多数人没有机会去买他们。
This means that 99% of the photos you see everywhere are taken with a lens in 16-300mm range. 这意味着99%你看到的图片都是用一个16 - 300毫米的范围镜头拍摄的。
That’s why you want to stick to this range in your 3D renderings. 这就是为什么你要要坚持这个范围在你的3d渲染里。
Sure, it might be fun to use very wide lenses, but it distorts the images quite a bit and should be used only when absolutely necessary.
当然,这可能是很有趣的使用非常广角的镜头,但它扭曲了图像,应该只在绝对必要的时候使用。
So use your own discretion to choose a value, there are no hard rules here – use what works best for your particular image!
所以你自行决定选择一个值,没有硬性规则在这里——用最适合您的特定图像的焦距!
Framing your shot/取景拍摄
Ok, so how do you actually frame the shot? 好吧,那么,实际上如何设置镜头?
I found that the most natural way for me is using the Walkthrough Mode. 我发现对我最自然的方式是使用预排模式。
So let’s say you’ve set the focal length to 24mm for an interior and now want to find a good shot.
现在你已经设置焦距为24毫米拍摄室内场景,现在想找到一个好镜头角度。
The basic procedure is selecting your camera and pressing C to change your view to Camera. 基本的步骤是选择你的相机并按C来改变你的视图为相机。
Once you’ve done that, turn on the Safe Frame to see exactly what will be rendered (Shift+F). 一旦你这么做了,打开安全框架看清楚渲染范围(Shift+F)。
Now you are ready to move around – press the Up arrow key on your keyboard to enter the Walkthrough mode and click in the viewport.
现在您已经准备好移动——按向上箭头键在你的键盘进入行走模式并单击视图。
Now you can use the following controls to move around: 现在你可以使用以下按键来移动: Up/Down – Move forward/backward 向上/向下-移动后退/前进
Left/Right – Move left/right 左/右—左/右移动
Left click + drag – look around 左键点击+拖动——看看周围
Middle click + drag – Pan up/down/left/right 中间单击+拖动--上/下/左/右平移 翻译by:ghostxx.com
If the camera moves too fast or too slow, use the bracket keys [ ] to adjust the walking speed! 如果相机移动太快或太慢,使用括号键[ ]来调整行走速度!
It’s very similar to moving around in a video game and after a bit of practice you can get exactly where you want to be.
它非常类似于动作游戏，经过一些练习,你可以得到你想要的准确位置。
Vertical/Horizontal Shift//垂直/水平偏移
In real world architectural photographers use tilt/shift lenses or large format cameras with movable backs that rotate, and tilt to get these same results.
在现实世界建筑摄影师使用的是 tilt/shift 镜头或大画幅相机镜头，可移动,旋转,倾斜得到这些相同的结果。
But I don’t think it’s necessary to explain all that. 但是我觉得没必要解释一切。
For us it’s very simple – 99% of the time all we want from this section is to get straight verticals in our image – just hit the Guess Vert button and be done with it.
对我们来说这很简单——99%的时间我们只是想让照片里的竖直线是垂直的——只需点击Guess Vert按钮,完成它。
Vray will set the correct amount of Vertical Shift to straighten them out! Vray将设置正确的数值来矫正垂直线!
Horizontal distortion rarely look right, and it’s best to align the camera and target in a straight line manually if you need parallel horizontal lines. 矫正水平失真,最好是手动把相机和目标放在一条直线上。
Exposure (Brightness)/曝光(亮度)
So this is the part that always get’s non-photographers confused. 这个部分,总是让非摄影师困惑。
“How do I make the image brighter? Do I change the Shutter Speed? Film Speed ISO? F/Number? “我如何使图像更亮?我改变快门速度吗?电影速度ISO ?F值吗? Which one is the correct way?” 哪一个是正确的?”
The thing is? there is no CORRECT WAY! 事情是这样的?没有正确的路！
You have to use them together to get the correct result! 你必须把它们一起使用以得到正确的结果!
First let’s understand how the camera works! 首先让我们了解相机如何工作!
Shutter speed controls how long the film or sensor is exposed to the light. 快门速度控制电影或传感器是暴露在光线的时间。
Long exposure means more light and brighter image, it also may cause fast moving objects to appear blurry – that’s Motion Blur.
长时间曝光意味着更多的光来照亮图像,它还可能引起快速移动的对象显得模糊不清——运动模糊。