H部——电学
本 部 目 录 (参见及附注省略)
H01基本电气元件 ························································································· 5 H01B电缆；导体；绝缘体；导电、绝缘或介电材料的选择 ································· 5 H01C电阻器 ····························································································· 10 H01F磁体；电感；变压器；磁性材料的选择 ··················································· 14 H01G电容器；电解型的电容器、整流器、检波器、开关器件、光敏器件或热敏器件 ·············································································································· 20 H01H电开关；继电器；选择器；紧急保护装置 ··············································· 25 H01J放电管或放电灯 ················································································· 50 H01K 白炽灯 ···························································································· 71 H01L半导体器件；其他类目未包括的电固体器件 ············································ 74 H01M 用于直接转变化学能为电能的方法或装置，例如电池组 ···························· 94 H01P波导；谐振器、传输线或其他波导型器件 ·············································· 100 H01Q天线 ····························································································· 103 H01R导电连接；一组相互绝缘的电连接元件的结构组合；连接装置；集电器 ······ 109 H01S利用受激发射的器件 ········································································· 121 H01T火花隙；应用火花隙的过压避雷器；火花塞；电晕装置；产生被引入非密闭气体的离子 ··································································································· 125 H02发电、变电或配电 ················································································ 128 H02B供电或配电用的配电盘、变电站或开关装置 ·········································· 128 H02G电缆或电线的安装，或光电组合电缆或电线的安装 ································· 131 H02H紧急保护电路装置 ··········································································· 135 H02J供电或配电的电路装置或系统；电能存储系统 ········································ 138 H02K电机 ····························································································· 141 H02M用于交流和交流之间、交流和直流之间、或直流和直流之间的转换以及用于与电源或类似的供电系统一起使用的设备；直流或交流输入功率至浪涌输出功率的转换；以及它们的控制或调节 ················································································ 152 H02N其他类目不包含的电机 ····································································· 158 H02P电动机、发电机或机电变换器的控制或调节；控制变压器、电抗器或扼流圈 160 H03 基本电子电路 ······················································································ 169 H03B 使用工作于非开关状态的有源元件电路，直接或经频率变换产生振荡；由这样的电路产生噪声·························································································· 169 H03C调制 ······························································································ 172 H03D 由一个载频到另一载频对调制进行解调或变换 ······································ 175 H03F放大器 ··························································································· 178 H03G放大的控制 ···················································································· 182 H03H阻抗网络，例如谐振电路；谐振器 ······················································ 185 H03J 谐振电路的调谐；谐振电路的选择 ······················································ 189 H03K 脉冲技术 ······················································································· 192 H03L 电子振荡器或脉冲发生器的自动控制、起振、同步或稳定 ························ 203
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H03M 一般编码、译码或代码转换 ······························································ 205 H04电通信技术 ························································································· 210 H04B传输 ······························································································ 210 H04H 广播通信 ······················································································· 217 H04J 多路复用通信 ·················································································· 222 H04K保密通信；对通信的干扰 ·································································· 224 H04L 数字信息的传输，例如电报通信 ························································· 225 H04M电话通信 ······················································································· 233 H04N 图像通信，例如电视 ········································································ 239 H04Q选择 ····························································································· 256 H04R 扬声器、传声器、唱机拾音器或其他声—机电传感器；助听器；扩音系统 ·· 260 H04S 立体声系统 ···················································································· 264 H04W 无线通信网络 ················································································ 265 H05其他类目不包含的电技术 ······································································· 272 H05B 电热；其他类目不包含的电照明 ························································· 272 H05C 为杀伤、击昏、围困或诱导生物的设备专门设计的电路或设备 ················· 278 H05F 静电；自然发生的电 ········································································ 279 H05G X射线技术 ···················································································· 280 H05H 等离子体技术；加速的带电粒子或中子的产生；中性分子或原子射束的产生或加速 ········································································································· 282 H05K印刷电路；电设备的外壳或结构零部件；电气元件组件的制造 ·················· 285 H99本部中其他类目不包括的技术主题 ··························································· 288 H99Z本部其他类目不包括的技术主题 ·························································· 288
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附注
本附注包括H部使用的基本原则和一般说明 Ⅰ?H部包括：
a?基本电气元件，包括设备和电路的所有电气元件以及一般机械结构，其中电路包含各种
基本元件组装而成的印刷电路，该主题还包括一定范围的这些元件的制造（当其他分类位置不包含时）；
b?发电，包括发电、变电和配电以及其相应装置的控制； c?应用电学，包括：
i? 一般应用技术，即电加热电路和电照明电路的一般应用技术；
ii? 某些特殊应用技术，严格地说是电气的或是电子的，在国际专利分类表的其他部中不
包括的主题，有： 1? 电光源，包括激光； 2? 电X射线技术；
3? 电等离子体技术以及带电粒子或中子的产生和加速； d?基本电子电路及其控制； e?无线电或电通信技术；
f? 制造所述物品或元件用的特殊材料的应用。对此，应参照“使用指南”中第88至第90
条。
Ⅱ? 在本部中，应用如下一般规则： a?除以上Ⅰc中所列主题外，凡列入国际专利分类表H部以外的各个部中有关于具体操作、
方法、装置、物体或物品的电气方面或电气部分，总是分入该操作、方法、装置、物体或物品的小类中。当涉及类似性质的技术主题的公共特征已经体现在大类一级时，则这些电气方面或电气部分则与操作、方法、装置、物体或物品一起分入某一小类，该小类包括所讨论技术主题的全部一般性电气应用；
b?以上a中所指的电气应用，或是一般的或是具体的，包括： i? A61类中的治疗方法和装置； ii? B01、B03大类以及B23K小类中的在各种实验室或工业操作中应用的电加工方法和装
置；
iii? B部“运输”分部中一般运输工具和具体车辆的供电、电推进和电照明；
iv? F02P小类中的内燃机的电引燃系统及F23Q小类中一般燃烧装置的电引燃系统； v? G部的整个电气部分，即包括电变量的测量、检测、发信号以及计算的设备。该部中
的电一般作为一种手段而不是把它本身作为目的；
c?所有一般的和具体的电气应用，它们所包括的“基本元件”都属于H部（见Ⅰa）中的
“基本电气”内容。该规则也适用于本身属于H部的应用电气技术（见Ⅰc）。 Ⅲ. 本部中出现如下特殊情况：
a?由H部以外各部所包括的一般应用中，值得注意的是一般电加热列入F24D或F24H小
类或F27大类，一般电照明的部分内容列入F21大类，而H部（见上面Ⅰc）的H05B小类中也含有相同主题的分类位置；
b?在a中所指的上述两例中，F部中上述小类的相应主题，实际上在第一分类位置包括了
这些设备或装置的全部机械特征，而电气特征本身被包含在H05B小类中；
c?关于照明，其机械特征应当包括各种电气元件的材料布置，即它们彼此之间的几何或物
理位置；该内容包括在F21V小类中，而元件本身以及基本电路则保留在H部中。此规则也适用于当电光源与其他不同类型的光源相组合的情况。这些内容包含在H05B小类中，而由它们的组合所构成的物理排列被包括在F21大类的各小类中；
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d?至于加热，H05B小类不仅包括其电气元件和电路设计，在涉及一般应用的场合还包括
其电气方面的布置；对电炉就是这样考虑的。炉子中电气元件的机械配置则包含在F部中。如果与有关熔焊的B23K小类所包括的电焊接电路作一对照，就会发现上面Ⅱ中所列的一般规则不适用于电加热。
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H01基本电气元件
附注
1?凡其他类目中存在的，只包括一个单一工艺如干燥、涂敷的加工工序，分入有关该工艺
的类目中。
2?注意涉及“微型结构装置”和“微型结构系统”的B81大类和B81B小类名后的附注。
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H01B电缆；导体；绝缘体；导电、绝缘或介电材料的选择（磁性材料的选择入H01F 1/00；波导管入H01P）
小类索引 导体或电缆
按材料特性区分1/00
按结构特性区分5/00，7/00
特殊类型，用于：通信；电力；超导电缆；11/00；9/00；12/00 制造；废物利用13/00；15/00 绝缘体或绝缘物体
按材料特性区分3/00 按结构特性区分17/00 制造19/00
H01B 1/00按导电材料特性区分的导体或导电物体；用作导体的材料选择（按材料特性区分
的超导或高导导体、电缆或传输线入H01B 12／00）〔4〕
附注
H01B 1/14至H01B 1/24各组优先于H01B 1/02至H01B 1/06各组。〔3〕 H01B 1/02·主要由金属或合金组成的
H01B 1/04·主要由碳硅化合物、碳或硅组成的 H01B 1/06·主要由其他非金属物质组成的 H01B 1/08··氧化物 H01B 1/10··硫化物 H01B 1/12··有机物质〔3〕
H01B 1/14·分散在不导电无机材料中的导电材料〔3〕 H01B 1/16··包含金属或合金的导电材料〔3〕 H01B 1/18··包含碳硅化合物、碳或硅的导电材料〔3〕 H01B 1/20·分散在不导电的有机材料中的导电材料〔3〕 H01B 1/22··包含金属或合金的导电材料〔3〕 H01B 1/24··包含碳硅化合物、碳或硅的导电材料〔3〕
H01B 3/00按绝缘材料的特性区分的绝缘体或绝缘物体；绝缘或介电材料的性能的选择 H01B 3/02·主要由无机物组成的
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