哈尔滨学院本科毕业论文（设计）
题目： 环氧树脂-碳纳米管的力学性能研究
院（系） 专 业 年 级 姓 名 指导教师
2011年 6 月 13 日
理学院 化学 2007级
钱志英
学 号
07052110 教授
吴晓宏 职 称
目 录
摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 2 第一章 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 课题背景与研究意义 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.2 碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料发展与现状 .................................................................... 4
1.2.1环氧树脂简介 .......................................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 碳纳米管简介 ......................................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 环氧树脂/碳纳米管体系研究现状 ........................................................................ 5 1.3 碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料制备的问题及解决方法 ...................................................... 5 第二章 材料和方法 ..................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 实验药品及仪器 ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.1.1 实验药品 ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 实验仪器 ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.2 碳纳米管的表面处理 ................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 环氧树脂的固化机理 ................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 复合材料的制备工艺 ................................................................................................................... 8
2.4.1 不含碳纳米管的浇注体制备 ............................................................................................ 8 2.4.2 含碳纳米管的浇注体的制备 ............................................................................................ 8 2.5 力学性能测试 ................................................................................................................................ 9
2.5.1弯曲性能测试 ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.5.2 拉伸性能测试 ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.6 微观结构分析 .............................................................................................................................. 10
2.6.1 透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析 ........................................................................................... 10 2.6.2 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析 ........................................................................................... 10
第三章 结果与讨论 ....................................................................................................................................11
3.1 超声分散工艺的确定 ..................................................................................................................11 3.2 性能表征及讨论 .......................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.1透射电子显微镜表征 ......................................................................................................... 13
I
3.2.2复合材料分散状态分析（SEM表征） ....................................................................... 14 3.3 碳纳米管添加量对复合材料力学性能的影响 ................................................................... 15
3.3.1碳纳米管含量对弯曲强度的影响 .................................................................................. 15 3.3.2碳纳米管含量对拉伸强度的影响 .................................................................................. 16
结 论 ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 参考文献 ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
II
哈尔滨学院本科毕业论文（设计）
摘 要
碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能，独特的微观结构，极大的长径比和比表面积，有望成为先进复合材料的理想增强体。关于环氧树脂/碳纳米管复合材料的研究虽然取得了一些进展，但是一些最基本的问题目前并没有真正得到解决。目前采用的分散方法虽然在一定程度上提高了碳纳米管在环氧树脂中的分散程度，但这些方法还不能做到碳纳米管的充分分散，所以寻找合适的方法使得碳纳米管以纳米尺度充分分散在环氧树脂中，仍然是制备高性能碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的首要问题。
本文主要利用在碳纳米管表面接枝羧基以使羧基化的碳纳米管可以与环氧树脂中的环氧基作用，同时添加表面活性剂以达到表面改性，从而使得碳纳米管可以较均匀的分散在环氧树脂中，以期望获得力学性能优异的碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料。
关键词：环氧树脂；碳纳米管；表面改性；力学性能
1
哈尔滨学院本科毕业论文（设计）
Abstract
Caron nanotubes(CNTs)exhibit excellent mechanical properties: the super high tensile strength，toughness and Young's modulus，and a unique microstructure: high specific surface area and high aspect ratio，which can be considered as an ideal reinforcement additive for advanced composites Though some progresses on fabricating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)/epoxy composite have been achieved during the past few years，several principle problems have not been got over by now. Those methods recently used to disperse CNTs in polymer matrix cannot disperse CNTs in polymer matrix absolutely uniformly. Consequently，exploring other effective dispersing method remains one of the key problems for fabricating high performance CNTs/polymer composites.
In this paper, using carbon nanotubes grafted carboxyl groups so that the carbon nanotubes with carboxylic group in the epoxy resin role, while addition of surfactant to achieve the surface modification, which makes carbon nanotubes can be more evenly dispersed in the epoxy resin to expect excellent mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes -epoxy composites.
Key words: epoxy resin; carbon nanotube ;surface modification; mechanical properties
2