兰州理工大学石油化工学院毕业设计(论文)
5.6.2视镜
选择DN=100的视镜
5.6.3支座
标准耳式支座（JB/T 4725—92）分为A型和B型两种。当设备需要保温时或直接支承在
楼板上时选择B型，否则选A型。本设计中反应需要在37~40℃下保温1小时，故选择B型耳式支座。
5.6.4手孔与人孔
手孔和人孔的设置是为了安装、拆卸、清洗和检修设备内部的装置。本次设计的反应釜直径大于900mm，故设置人孔。选择人孔为：公称直径450mm，采用2707耐酸、碱橡胶板垫片的常压手孔，标记为：人孔 R·A-2707）450 HG/T 21515—2005
5.6.5轴封装置的选择
填料密封结构简单，制造、安装、检修均较方便，因此应用较为普遍。本次设计选择填料密封。
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兰州理工大学石油化工学院毕业设计(论文)
致谢
本设计的顺利完成，首先要感谢我的指导老师欧玉静老师。她学识渊博、治学严谨，
平易近人，在她的悉心指导下，我按时完成了毕业设计，在此过程中我不仅学到了扎实的专业知识，也为以后的工作奠定了坚实的基础；在设计的整个过程中，她给予我精心的指导与帮助，为我的设计付出了辛勤的劳动，倾注了大量时间和精力，在此向她表示诚挚的敬意和衷心的感谢。
感谢兰州理工大学石油化工学院所有曾经帮助过我的老师和同学，他们教授与帮助，使我获得了大量的知识，圆满完成了学业，在此我深深地表示敬意和由衷的感激之情。
最后，我要感谢所有在学习和生活中给我以支持和帮助的老师、同学和朋友们。
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兰州理工大学石油化工学院毕业设计(论文)
参考文献
［1］黄璐，王保国. 化工设计. 北京: 化学工业出版社，2001
［2］陈敏恒，方图南. 化工原理. 北京：化学工业出版社，2006
［3］李功祥 等. 常用化工单元设备设计. 广州：华南理工大学出版社，2003 ［4］陈英南 等. 常用化工单元设备的设计. 上海：华东理工大学出版社，2005 ［5］魏崇光，郑晓梅. 化工工程制图. 北京：化学工业出版社，1994
［6］谭天恩，麦本熙，丁惠华. 化工原理（第二版）. 北京: 化学工业出版社，1998 ［7］时均 主编. 化学工程手册 (第二版). 北京: 化学工业出版社，1996
［8］中国石化集团上海工程公司. 化工工艺设计手册（第三版）.北京: 化学工业出版社， [9] 宋启煌 主编.精细化工工艺学. (第二版). 北京: 化学工业出版社，2003 [10]历玉鸣 主编.化工仪表及自动化（第五版）. 北京：化学工业出版社，2011
[11] 吴大翔.头孢曲松钠中间体7-ACT生产工艺优化. 海峡药学Vol.23,No.11,12～ 14,2011
[12] 吕 莹, 杨景贤. 用新中间体合成头孢曲松钠.Vol.13,No. 5, 513～515，2005 [13] 覃 宁,陈舜让. Vilsmeir 法合成头孢曲松钠的工艺研究. 广东药学 2003 年第13 卷第5 期，30～32 [14] 陈 胜、王小丹等人头孢母核7 - ACT 盐酸盐的合成工艺改进Vol. 35 ,No. 8.442～443 .August ,2006
[15]Michael J Hearn, Phet2Yoon Chanyaputhipong. Prepa2ration and spectroscop ic of 32acyl - 1, 3, 4 - oxadiazo2 lines[ J ]. Heterocyclic Chem, 1995,
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兰州理工大学石油化工学院毕业设计(论文)
附录A: 外文资料
Chapter6 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES
6. 1 Description of the 42 l continuous crystallizer and the fluidized bed.
Nucleation rate experiments in a continuous crystallizer and growth experiments in a fluidized bed were carried out to support the crystallization experiments in the batch crystallizer.
Both experimental apparatusses are described below.
The continuous crystallizer was of nearly the same size and geometry as the 48 1 batch crystallizer. The stainless steel continuous crystallizer (42 1, $ 39 5 mm) is provided with six baffles, a three blade marine-type propeller stirrer ($ 152 mm, pitch to diameter ratio: 0.81, power number: 0.16) and a cooling coil (0.44 m^). The suspension is removed by a glass discharge, located in the annular space between wall and cooling coil at mid-height of the crystallizer, The distance between wall and the axis of the discharge pipe (10 mm) has been chosen in view of the attainment of representative samples (see also appendix 5). Three discharges with inside diameters of 5,9, 6.7 and 10.3 mm were used to satisfy the desired variation in liquid residence time, while maintaining an ideal product removal. The construction of the discharge pipes was similar to the one shown in figure 6.9.
Figure 6.9 Flow diagram of the continuous crystallizer. A flow diagram of the continuous crystallizer system is given in figure 6.9. Solution, sucked from the upper compartment of the storage vessel, is fed to the crystallizer. Crystallization is achieved by cooling the suspension. The suspension is discharged to the lower compartment of the storage/dissolving tank where the crystals are dissolved. The temperature of the solution in the storage dissolving tank is at least 10°C above the saturation temperature of the solution. A
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兰州理工大学石油化工学院毕业设计(论文)
special cooling system was applied in order to be able to carry out experiments at different
temperatures. To avoid incrustation of the cooling coil, the temperature of the cooling water was kept as close to the crystallization temperature as possible and still maintain the required heat transfer. The precise temperature control of the suspension in the crystallizer was achieved by regulating the flow rate of the cooling water. The cooling water vessel content could be heated by means of an electric heating element (not shown in figure 6,9), This heating element was used at the end of the experiment to dissolve the crystallizer content. The crystal mass concentration in the crystallizer was calculated from the concentrations, measured before and after the dissolution of the crystals.
Figure 6.10 Flow diagram of the fluidized bed.
Growth experiments were carried out in a fluidized bed. A flow diagram of the fluidized bed apparatus is given in figure 5.10, The seed crystals are suspended in a cylindrical glass tube ($ 25 mm) which has a constriction at the lower end and a widening at the upper end. The upward velocity of supersaturated solution permits neither settling of the seed crystals through the narrowing nor carry over through the widening. Nuclei, which may be formed in the supersaturated solution are transported to the storage/dissolving tank (60 1) and dissolved there. The solution in the storage/dissolving tank is kept at a constant temperature about 2 C above the saturation temperature of the solution. Solution is pumped from the upper compartm-ent of the tank, through a flow meter and a cooler to the fluidized bed. The flow rate and the temperature of cooling water to the cooler are both kept constant to assure a constant temperature of the solution. The growth period is terminated by changing the position of the stopcock and separating the crystals and the solution. Provisions (not shown in figure 6.10) are available to pump all the
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