Abstract
20th century since the 90's, along with the information technology
revolution and economic globalization and the advent of the new economic era of social modes of production has changed to the computer, communications and information industry as the main content of the high-tech industries to promote economic development as a the leading force, which a large number of small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises to the rapid formation and development. China's SMEs are an important part of the national economy, in economic and social development can not be replaced with the large enterprises of the special strategic position.Small business market as the basic active forces in society to accommodate the majority of workers, in promoting economic growth and address the employment and re-employment process, plays an important role. The development of small and medium-sized the need for a strong financial support, but because of their own and China's economic system, and many other reasons, led to China's difficulties in financing for small and medium-sized widespread problem, causing difficulties in financing for small and medium-sized single mode of financing, the financing channels for narrow-minded, There are many deficiencies in the financing structure. Financing small and medium enterprises has seriously hampered the pace of development in China.
The current global economic crisis on China's survival and development of SMEs have had a great impact because of the lack of funding, many SMEs are faced with the plight of imminent collapse, but from a long-term perspective, the issue of financing has become an obstacle to small and medium-sized the main reasons for enterprise development. Want to solve the survival and development of small and medium-sized obstacles, to try to solve the financing problem of SMEs is an effective way. In the current context of economic crisis, what kind of financing solutions to small and medium-sized problem is worth exploring. This article focuses on small and medium enterprises financing in China for the financing of the current situation and problems in the process, analyze the causes and solutions to explore ways to improve the status of SME financing, broaden its financing channels to make some suggestions to solve the financing problem of SMEs in China, China to speed up the development of SMEs, and promote the development of China's national economy.
Key words: Small and medium-sized enterprise, financing, Countermeasures
图目录
图1：企业外源融资的资金来源渠道 ..................................................................... 13 图2：企业自有资金所占比例 ................................................................................. 14 图3：浙江省中小企业意愿融资比例 ..................................................................... 16
表目录
图1：企业有融资需求时首先选择的融资方式 ..................................................... 14
1 绪 论
1.1 选题背景和理论意义
资本是企业生存和发展的关键性问题,企业要生存和发展就得拥有一定数量的资金。然而, 许多中小企业恰恰缺少经营、发展所必需的资金。这样, 这些中小企业就往往面临着无法回避的融资问题, 融资问题就成为了这些企业经营发展战略的核心问题。企业融资应当有利于实现企业顺利健康成长和企业价值最大化的实现,融资过程中既要注意防止资金筹集过多, 造成资金闲置, 增加成本与风险；又要注意企业融资制度必须在宏观融资体制的框架下做出选择。而目前, 我国融资大环境长期以国有企业, 特别是国有大型企业为主体，同时又缺乏专门服务于中小企业的金融机构, 这是中小企业间接融资困难的一个反映。而另一方面中小企业融资规模较小,资信度低等情况也在很大程度上限制了中小企业从银行或资本市场的筹资。
融资活动是企业资金管理中的重要一环，企业融资决策决定着企业的资本结构， 而融资决策往往受制于其当时的金融环境。企业的资金可以从多渠道、多方式来筹集，不同来源的资金，其使用时间的长短、附加条款的限制、财务风险的大小、资金成本的高低都不一样。中小企业要想在我国市场经济改革中完全成长起来，就非常有必要扩大融资渠道，在不断积累自有资金的同时，还要通过一切正规合法的手段来扩充资本。
如今中小企业融资难已成为当前我国理论界和实践领域所共同关注的一个重大问题。只有抓住问题从理论上正确认识造成中小企业融资问题的原因，才能从根本上解决我国现阶段存在的中小企业融资难这一制约经济持续增长的关键问题。中小企业由于负债较多，经营业绩恶化，大多数中小企业信用急剧下降，往往形成：“资金缺乏-----业绩恶化-----信用差-----资金缺乏”的恶性循环。因此我们对中小企业融资问题和对策的研究就显得尤为重要。
1.2 文献综述
中小企业在解决社会就业、发展地方经济和聚拢一些特色优势产业等方面发挥着重要的作用，但融资问题却成为了制约这些中小企业发展的“瓶颈”。解