景德镇陶瓷学院
专业课程设计说明书
题目:年产130万平米玻化砖天然气辊道窑设计
学 号:201010260103 姓 名:何树斌 院 (系):材料科学与工程学院 专 业:10粉体工程 指导教师:孙健 日 期:2013.12
目 录
1 前言···································································· 2 设计任务及原始资料···················································· 3 窑体主要尺寸的确定······················································ 3.1 窑内宽的确定························································ 3.2 窑长及各带长度的确定··········································· 3.3 窑内高的确定························································ 4 烧成制度的确定··············································· 5 工作系统的确定·························································· 5.1 排烟系统··························································· 5.2 燃烧系统··························································· 5.3 冷却系统··························································· 5.4 传动系统··························································· 5.5 窑体附属结构······················································· 5.5.1 事故处理孔····················································· 5.5.2 测温孔及观察孔············································ 5.5.3膨胀缝························································ 5.5.4挡板及挡墙··················································· 5.6窑体加固钢架结构形式··············································· 6 燃料燃烧计算···························································· 6.1 空气量···························································· 6.2 烟气量···························································· 6.3 燃烧温度·························································· 7 窑体材料及厚度的确定:列表表示全窑所用材料及厚度······················· 8 热平衡计算······························································ 8.1 预热带及烧成带热平衡计算·········································· 8.1.1热平衡计算基准及范围···········································
8.1.2热平衡框图··················································· 8.1.3热收入项目··················································· 8.1.4热支出项目···················································
8.1.5热平衡方程式············································· 8.1.6预热带与烧成带热平衡表····································· 8.2 冷却带热平衡计算·················································· 8.2.1热平衡计算基准及范围········································· 8.2.2热平衡框图··················································· 8.2.3
热
收
入
项
目··················································· 8.2.4 热支出项目··················································· 8.2.5热平衡方程··············································· 8.2.6冷却带热平衡表··········································· 9 烧嘴的选用······························································ 9.1每个烧嘴所需的油(气)压········································· 9.2烧嘴的选用························································ 10 参考文献·······························································
1.前言
辊道窑是近几十年发展起来的新型快烧连续式工业窑炉,在釉面砖、墙地砖、彩釉砖等建筑陶瓷工业生产中已普遍用作主要的烧成设备,近几年正逐步在日用瓷等陶瓷工业中得到应用。
与隧道窑相比,辊道窑用连续多排辊子代替窑车输送制品,取消了窑车,取消了砂封,避免车下窑外冷空气漏入隧道,使窑内同一截面上下温度均匀,大大缩短烧成时间,为优质高产低热耗创造了条件。辊道窑的设计计算包括:窑体主要尺寸计算,燃料燃烧计算、热平衡计算、通风阻力计算等,使用发生炉煤气烧窑,可减少环境污染。
烧成在陶瓷生产中是非常重要的一道工序。烧成过程严重影响着产品的质量,与此同时,烧成也由窑炉决定。
-在烧成过程中,温度控制是最重要的关键。没有合理的烧成控制,产品质量和产量都会很低。要想得到稳定的产品质量和提高产量,首先要有符合产品的烧成制度。然后必须维持一定的窑内压力。最后,必须要维持适当的气氛。这些要求都应该遵循。
全窑利用余热干燥生坯,热效率高,温度控制准确、稳定,传动用齿轮传动,摩擦式联结辊筒,传动平衡、稳定,维护方便,无级调节,控制灵活。通过对其窑炉结构和控制的了解,借鉴其经验数据,结合中试窑的情况,我所设计的辊道窑总长75.07米,内宽3米,烧成温度是1180摄氏度,燃料采用天然气。
为了更好的掌握辊道窑的结构和窑炉设计的程序,我对老师给定的设计任务进行了为期二周的设计计算,并绘制窑体视图。
2.设计任务及原始资料
一、设计任务
年产130万平米仿古砖天然气辊道窑设计; 二、原始数据 (一)玻化砖
1.坯料组成(%):
SiO2 68.35 Al2O3 16.27 CaO 2.30 MgO 2.65 Fe2O3 0.85 K2O 2.20 Na2O 2.15 I.L 4.85 表2-1:坯料组成(%)
2.产品规格:600×600×8mm 3.入窑水分:<1% 4.产品合格率:95%
5.烧成周期:55分钟(全氧化气氛) 6.最高烧成温度:1180℃(温度曲线自定) (二)燃料 天然气 CO 0.2 H2 0.2 CH4 95.6 C2H4 3.5 H2S 0.3 CO2 0.1 N2 0.1 O2 0 Qnet(MJ/Nm3) 41.58 表2-2:燃料组成
(三)年工作日:330天