新概念第2册L1-L10(7)

2020-04-17 03:28

adj. 整齐的, 整洁的,井井有条 clean adj. 干净的 neat=tidy

tidy (up) the room 整理房间 ★pool n. 水池(人工的) swimming pool 游泳池 pond 池塘(天然的) 《golden pond》—金色池塘 【课文讲解】

1、Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Joe's garden is the most beautiful. Bill's garden is the largest.

Bill?s garden is larger than Joe?s.

(比较的东西都是同类的事物 joe?s 的“?s”不能省略) 2、Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time.

nearly和almost意义相似,表示“几乎”、“ 差不多”、“ 差 点儿”的意思。 I have nearly forgotten his name. 我差点把他的名字忘了。 I?m nearly/almost ready. 我快准备好了。

enter for 报名参加(各种竞赛,考试等活动) win(won,won) v. 赢 ① vi. 赢

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I win. I lose. (输了) ② vt. 赢得……

win something 后面往往是奖品,不能接对手

I win the book. I win the gold cup. win a prize 赢得了一个奖 win a prize for… 因为……而获奖 defeat+对手 I defeat you.

3、Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's.

名词加-?s表示所属关系,构成名词的所有格。这类名词往往指有生命的东西,特别是人。所有格的语法作用相当于形容词,限定后面的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略,只要不引起误解。

4、He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. make和build在这里是同义词,“修建,建造”。make 的词义比较笼统、广泛,可解释为“做、作出、制造”等,而 build主要限于建筑业,指“建造,建设,盖房子,修筑(桥梁)等”

Have you made the skirt by yourself? They have made a road along the river. 【Key structures】

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级相当于汉语中“比……更……”这种句型,最高级则表示在某个范围“最……”的概念。最高级在使用时前面通常要加定冠词 the,并有一个短语或从句限定其范围。 1、比较级和最高级的构成: ① 单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er,-est,以辅音加-y结尾的词变-y为-i,再加-er,-est ② 以-e结尾的词加-r,-st ③ 以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词要双写最后一个字母,再加-er,-est ④ 三个或者是三个音节以上(多音节) 比较级的构成 : more+原级 最高级的构成 : the most+原级

有一些双音节词既可在单词结尾加-er,-est,也可与 more/less 和 most/least连用,如 narrow,clever,common,pleasant等。 clever— cleverer— more clever fun adj. 快乐

more fun (美国人用) ⑤ 有些构成是不规则的: good/well(better best);bad/ill(worse worst);many/much(more most);little(less least);

far(farther further , farthest furthest)

(farther:距离上的远和更远,further:程度上的更进一步) further more(更有甚者)

old(older elder, oldest eldest) older 比……大

She is older than somebody elder 做定语修饰其他名词 elder sister (年长的)姐姐

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2、比较级和最高级的用法 在使用比较级时,如果需要把所比较的两项都提到,那么就必须比较级后用than: My room is cleaner than the one next door. 如果比较级之所指很清楚,它可独立存在: Which house do you prefer? I prefer the older one.

最高级的限定范围一般用 of,among,in 等介词短语;限定范围也可以是从句;如果范围很清楚,则可以省略。

John is the tallest of the three brother. This is the coldest day in ten years.

Mary is the most intelligent person I?ve ever met. 【Special Difficulties】 every构成的合成词

every和one,body,thing可以构成复合不定代词everyone,everybody,everything。Everyone和everybody一般可以替换使用,后面的代词既可以用单数,也可以用复数,但它们本身均被视为单数。 Everyone/Everybody knows what he has to do.

=Everyone/Everybody knows what they have to do. 每个人都知道自己必须做什么。

Everything is going well. 一切都很顺利。

each 和 every均可译为“每一个”,两者常可互换。every只能是形容词性,强调整体,常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目,不能直接做主语;each既可作形容词,又可作代词,强调个体,常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目,在作代词时,直接作主语或宾语,使用第三人称单数 Every/Each time I wash the car it rains. Enter and Enter for enter ① vt.&vi. 进入 enter+地点名词

Always knock on the door before you enter. ② vt.&vi. 参加,加入

We?ve entered into an agreement. 我们已达成一项协议。 He soon entered their conversation.

enter for+表示比赛、竞赛、考试的名词 报名参加, 强调报名 enter for the exam

She entered (her name/herself) for the mathematics competition. 她报名参加数学竞赛。

take part in 真正的参加

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Lesson 9 A cold welcome

★welcome n. 欢迎;v. 欢迎 ① n. 欢迎 a cold welcome 冷遇 ② v. 欢迎 welcome to+地点

welcome to China;welcome to my home;welcome home;welcome back ③ adj. 受欢迎的

You are welcome. You are welcome to+地点 ★crowd n. 人群 ① n. 人群 in the crowd 在人群中

a crowd of people 一群人,没有次序的人群, 拥挤的人群 a group of people 一群人,有次序的人群 ② v.拥挤, 挤满

a large crowd of people 一大群人 crowds of people 许多人, 人山人海 ★gather v. 聚集 ① vt. 使集拢,集合,召集

He gathered a large crowd of people round him. ②vt 收集,采集,收(庄稼等)

The children are out in the field gathering flowers. 孩子们在外面地里采花。 It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books. 收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。 ③ vi. 集拢,聚集,集合

They gathered under the Town Hall clock.

people gathered 人们聚集在一起, 尤指自发性的聚集 ★hand n. (表或机器的)指针;手

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minute hand;second hand;hour hand second hand 二手的,旧的,秒针 ★refuse v. 拒绝 ① vt. 拒绝(接受、服从等) She refused the gift. ② vt. 拒不,不肯,不愿 John refused to change his mind. 约翰拒不改变主意。 ③ vi. 拒绝,不接受

I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused. 对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬,但他拒绝了。 ★shout v. 喊叫 call out 大声喊叫 cry out 大声哭喊 scream 尖叫 【课文讲解】

1、A cold welcome 冷遇

cold adj. 冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的

cold fish 冷漠的人 My brother is a cold fish. lucky dog 幸运的人

What does \ (refer to 指……) 2、On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.

morning,afternoon,evening前如果加修饰词则用介词on,否则用in Town Hall 市政厅 3、It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.

the last day of the year 一年中的最后一天 a large crowd of the people 一大群人

4、It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. ★strike v. 打,击;敲,弹(钟,乐器等) ① v. 打,击 She struck the man in the face. ② v. 敲,弹(钟,乐器等)

strike the clock (人)敲钟 clock strike 钟自己响 Listen, the clock is striking.

strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数 minutes'名词所有格,用来表达时间 名词所有格表示时间或距离 It will leave in five minutes'time.

in twenty(minutes'time)名词所有格可省略 an hour's time

How far is the school from here? 3 minutes' walk. 三分钟路程。

5、Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. … minutes pass … 几点过几分(前半小时,pass过了) 25 minutes passed eight

… minutes to … 几点过几分(后半小时,to还没到) a quarter to nine/15 minutes to nine

时刻指点时间, 时间指段时间。时刻前的介词用at

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…(some time) passed and then, sth. happened ……时间过去了,…… An hour passed and then, he arrived. 一个小时过去了,他终于来了。 …minutes later几分钟以后

6、We waited and waited, but nothing happened.

waited and waited 等啊等啊, 强调动作的重复(walked and walked;run and run)

happen vi.事情做主语, 事情发生 What happened? Nothing happened.

7、It was true. It was true that+从句 ……是一个事实 8、The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.

refuse to do sth. 拒绝去做某事 I refuse to leave. 我拒绝离开 9、At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing. at that moment = just then 就在那时

at the moment = now 现在, 此刻, 在此时 【Key structures】

引导时间状语的介词in/on/at/during/till与until 1、用in的时间短语有: ① 表示一天中的某段时间:


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