Media reports recently stated that relevant departments have planned to set up a multi-functional and multi-level service system throughout the country, which offers services on personnel matters, domicile registration, matrimonial registration, enterprise registration, tax payment, license distribution and the approval of land utilization. Service centers and related ranches will be set up in densely populated communities. Meanwhile, a standardized service network and unified regulations will also be established, and related workers will wear name tags for the benefit of customers. 媒体报道，有关部门已经计划在全国建设多功能、多层次的服务体系，以提供人事事务、居民登记、婚姻注册、企业登记交税、许可证的分配和土地使用权的审批。服务中心和有关的分支机构将被建在人口密集的社区。同时，标准的服务网络和统一的制度也将建立，相关工作都将在为将在为顾客的目标下进行。 “E-Government”电子政府
Placing government administrative affairs on the Internet appears to be a growing world trend for government working toward open administration. Resources on government work available on the Internet can be effectively utilized. Furthermore, this practice will enhance the transparency if the government, reduce administrative expense, improve work efficiency and facilitate the construction of a diligent and honest government. 将政府的行政事务在互联网上公布越来越成为世界上政府向公众公开事务的一种倾向。研究表明，提供在互联网的政府工作是被有效利用的。更重要的是，这个实践将提高政府的透明度，降低行政费用，提高工作效率并更利于数字政府和诚信政府的建设。
China has a long way to go before it can develop an online government. However, beginning in the mid-1980s when China first called for office automation, up until 1998 when China began to develop e-government project, it has promoted e-commerce in government departments, using the Internet to release information, handling day-to-day office business and offering other services. 中国在发展在线政府还有很长的路要走。然而，自80年代中期中国首先提出办公自动化到1998年开始发展电子政府项目，它已经促进政府部门的网上交流，日常办公事务的处理和提供其他帮助。
In recent years, China has rapidly developed the e-commerce development and implementation. Second, many government web sites with increasingly rich content and sophisticated functions have appeared. A recent survey stated that more than 2200 government web sites currently exist in the entire country, and have played a major role in driving the construction of information industry. 近年来，中国加快电子政府的发展。首先，工商部门，海关税务和公共安全部门已经率先加快电子政府的发展和设备配置步伐。其次，许多具有越来越多内容和高级功能的政府网站已经出现。最近的调查表明整个国家有2200个政府网站，已经在促进信息工业建设方面承担了主要角色。
A bilingual web site, Chinashanghai, in both English and Chinese, was launched on September 28, 2001. it serves as a platform for government information dissemination for the benefit the citizens. “中国上海”，一个英汉双语网站，在2001年9月28日建成。它为市民提供政府信息传播服务平台。
Chinashanghai is devoted to the establishment of an “e-government.” Its home page, entitled Today’s Event, provides information on major activities and events, and reports on various hot topics of discussion. Pages containing government bulletins, government documents, regulations and other information have also been released. The Law and Regulations page introduces various rules and regulations, the Shanghai Brief page provides information on the least development trends in the city, and the Investment page offers information on the investment environment and various investment policies, explaining the urban construction plan, the development of the Pudong New Area, the development of development zones and investment projects. The Services page, on the other hand, provides information on topics more closely related to people’s lives, such as weather, transport, healthcare, education and tourism. This page also offers legal assistance to disadvantaged groups. The Business Guidance page provides useful information on competent institutions, as well as their addresses, contact details, procedures for handling certain affairs, and channels for dealing with lawsuits. Finally, the Handling Affairs Online page enables users to inquire on certain items, and download online forms and applications. “中国上海”致力于电子政府的创建。它的主页标有今日大事，提供主要活动和事件的信息，多种热点讨论话题的报道。页面包括政府公告，政府公文、规章和其它已公布的信息。法律规章的页面介绍了多种规章制度，网站的首页提供了城市最新发展趋势，投资页面提供投资环境信息和各种投资政策，说明城市建设规划、浦东新区的发展、开发区的发展和投资项目。另一方面，服务页面提供诸如天气、交通、保健、教育和旅游等更贴近百姓生活的内容。这一页也对弱势群体提供法律救助。商务导航页面提供有法定资格协会有用信息，如地址、联系方式、具体事务处理的程序、诉讼的渠道。最后，在线事务处理使用户能够咨询具体事务，在线下载表格和申请。
Chinashanghai will also connect with its affiliated stations to establish a better government network by the end of this year. In addition, Shanghai plans to set up a large portal within the next five years, which will be among China’s first-class ones and match international advanced level. By the end of the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-2005), all the government departments related to social management and services will be on the network. 到今年底，“中国上海”也将增加联网的附属站点以更好实现政府网络工作。另外，上海计划在下一个五年建立一个在中国处于一流、达到世界水平的大型门户网站。至第十个五年计划期末，所有的与社会管理和服务的政府部门都要实现网上工作。
Open Urban Planning公开城市建设规划
Over the past two years, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin have made public their city construction plan, a change from their former closed-door working style. The procedures and timetable for the examination and approval of projects, regulations and laws, and technological indexes in relation to the projects are now also out in the open, much to the great enthusiasm of the citizens. 过去两年间，北京，上海和天津已经公布了他们的城市建设规划，这和以前的关门工作是个改变。项目申报审批的程序和时间、规章制度、项目相关的技术流程标准现在都公开，更多是广大热心的市民。
Last October, Beijing held an exhibition on the overall city planning. During holidays and weekends, the 3000-square0meter hall received about 1500 people each day. “We have not expected so many citizens to be so interested in city planning,” said Qiu Yue, a member of the Beijing Municipal City Planning Committee. 去年10月，北京举行了城市整体建设规划展览会。在节假日和周日，平方米的展览厅每天接待1500名来访者。“我们没有想到有这么多市民对城市建设规划感兴趣。”邱越，北京市城市规划委员会的工作人员说。
Many visitors filled thick suggestion books with feedback, providing constructive ideas, such as building another world trade center in the north; retaining the lay-out of the narrow alleys and the courtyard homes; and informing citizens on city construction projects on time. The exhibition organizers then sorted the suggestions and delivered them to the decision-making department. 许多来访者写了厚厚的建议，提出了建设性的建议，如在北部建设另一个世界贸易中心，及时将城市建设项目通知市民。随后，展览会的组织者整理了这些建议，将它们提供给了决策部门。
“Beijing city planning to the public shows the government’s determination to promote the opening up of administration affairs, and this is a significant development,” said a visitor. “将北京城市建设规划向公众展示表明了政府在促进行政事务开放的决心，这是一个有重要意义的进步”以名来访者说。
Zhou Chang, Secretary general of the China Architectural Society, agreed. “The opening up of the urban planning process can improve things greatly, as major decisions will go through the approval of experts, the suggestions of citizens and the supervision of the media,” said Zhou. 周畅，中国建筑协会秘书长同意这种观点。他说“城市规划的公开程序会使极大促进规划工作，因为决策要经过专家的审核、市民的建议和舆论的监督”
Shan Qixiang, director of the Beijing Municipal City Planning Committee, said the opinions of the both experts and the masses will be pooled together before a decision on any important plans for urban c
onstruction are reached. 单启祥，北京市城市规划委员会主任说在任何重要城市建设计划做出之前所有专家和群众的意见都将会被集中起来。
Administrative affairs 行政事务 Financial budget 财政预算 Domicile registration 居民登记 Matrimonial registration 婚姻登记
Handling Affairs Online
在线事务办理
What Is Community?
什么是社区
Communities are natural human associations based on ties of relationship and shared experiences in which we mutually meaning in our lives, meet needs, and accomplish the persons we were meant to become, discover meaning, generate ethical values, and develop a culture a culture which would be impossible for single, isolated individuals to accomplish alone. 社区是基于各种相互联系和共同经历而形成的自然的人类组织.在社区里,我们的生活互相影响,包括如何满足需要,如何成为我们理想中的人,意义的发现,伦理价值的产生,以及开创一种文化.这种文化对于单独的,孤立的个体来说是不可能创造的.
When we talk about community, we talk about two things simultaneously. Community is located in space and time and it exists beyond space and time. Community is embodied in a space, structure, and presence, but community transcends location; it cannot confined by structure or mere history. 当我们谈论社区时，我们同时谈论两个方面。 社区处于时空中,但它能超越时空而存在。社区体现为一定的空间,结构和现在，但它又超越了地点,并且不可能被仅仅局限于某种结构或历史。 Embodied Community社区的具体性
Every one of us needs community. Community arises spontaneously because of an innate sociality of the human condition. With relatively rare exceptions community has been the form of human associated life by which people have related throughout history. Your self cannot, in fact, reach its full realization in isolation, but only as you are nurtured, guided, and suffused with life of the community in which you exist. 我们每一个人都需要社区。由于人类所固有的社会性，社区就自然的产生了。除了相对罕见的特例,社区是与人类有关的生活方式,通过这种方式人们才在历史中互相有了联系。事实上,光靠你自己孤立的力量不可能实现自我的充分发展，只有当你在所生存的社区中被培养，教导，充分融入生活才能做到这一点。
Localized community needs to be embodied to have existence. In its purest sense, community is an arena of social interaction, a milieu of social relationships in which we engage one another at a time and in a place where we gather together. For many communities to have p
ermanence, they often become identified with physical space that the community claims as its own. This could be a territory or a neighborhood that we identify with a name and includes homes, schools, and shops. Communities such as a local church, neighborhood, or ethnic or civil association often develop a structure or a form of association, infuse it with values, and derive meaning form it. The location or the structure becomes the embodiment of and symbolizes community. Thus it is appropriate to talk about community as a neighborhood or association that exists in space and time, that has permanence and structure. 区域化的社区需要被实现才能存在。 在最基本的定义里，社区是社会交际的舞台，是我们在某时或聚集在某地而形成的各种社会关系的环境.对许多能够持久的社区来说，它们通常因为拥有自己的地理范围而被人们所确认.这个地理范围可以是国家的领土,也可以是包括家庭、学校和商店的有自己名称的居民区. 诸如地方教会、居民区以及种族或市民协会的这样一个社区,经常会形成一个有着自己的价值观及相关意义系统的社区结构.社区就是通过所划分的地理范围的和所形成的社区结构来具体得到实现的.因此,把社区作为某居民区或协会来谈论是适当的,因为它们有固定结构和永久性,在时空中具体存在. Transcendent Community社区的超越性
Although a community can be found in a locality or be embodied by a structural form, community is never simple a static physical location that we inhabit, as social ecologists assert; nor is it merely a structure or mechanical process, as systems theorists suggest. Community is the act by which we engage one another, experience relationships, and become a people. Wherever humans exist, we spontaneously seek and form community. 虽然社区有一定地理范围或结构形式，但社区决不仅仅象社会生态学家所断言的那样,\是一个我们所居住的静止不变的地理区域\，也不仅仅是系统理论家所提出的\一个结构或机械的过程\社区是一种行为,通过这个行为我们互相交往，体验关系，并且成为一个民族。只要是有人类存在的地方，我们就会自发地寻找并形成社区。
Communities are an indelible component of the human condition, not relative to a particular historical era, place, or time. Neither are communities unique to one race, national, or cultural group. Community transcends history and cannot be contained by mere history. Deeply tooted in our nature, community may be said to be a universal human phenomenon, not contingent on circumstances. 社区是人类环境的一个不可或缺的组成部分.它并不是相对于特定的历史时代、地点或时间来说的,也不是专属于某一种族、民族或者文化组织的。社区超越历史，并且不可能仅仅被历史所包含。由于人类的天性使然,，社区可以说是一种人类的普遍现象，并非伴随某条件发生的偶然现象。
Community transcends location. As people in community move from place to place, we carry our community with us. When the nation of Israel was destroyed and most of her people were exiled to Babylon in 597 B.C. , they lost their land, but they never lost themselves, their