习题详解-第2章 极限与连续(2)

2020-02-22 14:12

2?x2?2x?111?1?2?lim?lim?(4) lim?; ?x?1x?1x?1(x?1)(x2?1)x?1x?1x?12???xx?x?x1(5) lim?2; ??lim?lim??x??2x??2x?1x??112x?1(2x?1)(2x?1)4??(2?2)(2?)xx32321?1x(6)limx???x2?x?arccotxx3?x?5; 因为arccotx??11?2x?xxx?0,所,且lim3?limx??x?x?5x??151?2?xx2x?以limx??2?x?arccotxx3?x?5?0

1111?????n393(7) limn??1111?????n24211?()n?13111?1?()n?133?lim33?lim?;

n??n??4111?()n?11?()n?142211?2?n(n?1)??n??n1?1?2?3???nn?2(8)lim????lim????lim??;

n??n?22?n???n?22?n??2(n?2)2????x2?1?x2?1x?1?ln[lim]?ln[lim]?ln1?0. (9) limln??x?1x?12(x?1)x?12(x?1)2??x?0?x?1,?3.已知 f(x)??x2?3x?1, 求 limf(x),x?0,x?0?3?x?1x???limf(x),x???limf(x).

x2?3x?1解:因为lim f(x)?lim(x?1)??1,所以limf(x)??1,f(x)?lim??1,limx?0x?0?x?0?x?0?x?0?x3?1x2?3x?1limf(x)?lim?0,limf(x)?lim(x?1)???。

x???x???x???x???x3?1习题2-5

1.求下列函数的极限:

n2?sinx(1)limR2sin; (2)lim; n??2x????xnxarctan3x(3)lim; (4)lim;

x?0?x?0sin2x1?cosx(5)lim1?cos4x;

x?0xsinx (6)limx?1sin?x?1?x2?1.

n2?解:(1)limR2sin?lim?R2n??2nn??sin2?n2?n??R2;

(2)limsinxsin(??x)?lim?1;

x????xx????xarctan3xarctan3x2x3x3?lim?;

x?0sin2xx?03xsin2x2x2x1?cosx?lim?x?0(3)lim

x2(4)lim?x?0x2sin2x2?lim2?x?0x2sin2?2; sin22x81?cos4x2sin22x(2x)2?lim?lim?8; (5)limx?0x?0xsinxx?0sinxxsinxx

(6)limx?1sin?x?1?x2?1?limx?1sin?x?1??x?1?(x?1)?1. 22. 求下列函数的极限: ?x?(1)lim??; x??1?x??x-3?2x?1? (2)lim??; x??2x?1??cotxx(3) lim?1?2tanx??x?0;

(4)lim?1?cosx?x?3-x3secx?.

3?x23?x?解:(1)lim??x??1?x??x-3?1?x??lim??x???x??1??lim?1??x??x???1??1??x???x?1??1??lim?1??lim?1??x??x?x???x???e?1;

(2x?1)1x1?x?2x?1??lim?lim(1?)lim(1?) (2)lim??x??2x?1x??(2x?1)xx??x??2x2x??)12x?11?2x?(?122?lim(1?)lim(1?)?e; x??x??2x2xxx(3) lim?1?2tanx??x?0cotx?lim?1?2tanx??x?03cosx22tanx?e2;

(4)lim?1?cosx??x?23secx?lim?1?cosx?x???e3.

2

习题2-6

1. 当x?0时,2x?x2与x2?x3相比,哪个是高阶无穷小量?

x2?x3x?x2解:因为lim?lim?0,所以x2?x3比2x?x2高价。 2x?02x?xx?02?x2. 当x?1时,无穷小量1?x与(1)1?x3;(2)

11?x2?是否同阶?是否等价? ?21?x3(1?x)(1?x?x2)解:因为lim?lim?3,所以1?x与1?x3是同阶无穷小,

x?11?xx?11?x11(1?x2)(1?x)(1?x)1222?lim?1,因为lim故无穷小量1?x与 1?x是等价无穷小。 x?1x?11?x1?x2??3. 利用等价无穷小,求下列极限:

sinaxcosax?cosbx(1)lim?; (2)lim;

x?0x?0x21?cosxx2arctanx21?x(3)lim; (4) lim; x??x??ln(1?x)xsinarcsinx2lnsin2x?ex?x1?cos4x(5) lim; (6) lim.

x??2sin2x?xtan2xx??ln(x2?e2x)?2x解:(1)lim?x?0??sinax1?cosx?lim?x?0ax12x2?2a;

(2)limcosax?cosbx?limx?0x?0x2?2sinax?bxax?bxax?bxax?bxsin?2b2?a22222?lim?;

x?0x2x22arctanx2x2?lim?2; (3)limx??x??xxsinarcsinxx22x2xx1?x?lim?lim??1; (4) limx??ln(1?x)x??ln(1?x)x???x1?cos4x8x2?lim(5) limx??2sin2x?xtan2xx??sin2x(2?xcos2x8x2?lim2?4; x??2x)?sin2x?exln?ln?sin2x?ex??xln?sin2x?ex??lnexex??lim?lim(6) limx??ln(x2?e2x)?2xx??ln(x2?e2x)?lne2xx??x2?e2xln(2x)e???

2?sin2x?sinxln?1?x?xe??xe?lim?lime?1. ?lim22x??x??x??xxln(1?2x)ee2x习题2-7

1.研究下列函数的连续性,并画出图形:

?x2,0?x?1,(1) f(x)??

?2?x,1?x?2;??x,x?1,(2) f(x)??

1,x?1;??1?x2nx. (3)f(x)?limn??1?x2n解:(1)f(x)在区间(0,1)和(1,2)是初等函数,因此在区间(0,1)和(1,2)f(x)是连续函数,

f(x)?limx?0?f(0),所以f(x)在点x?0右连续, 因为lim??x?0x?02f(x)?lim(2?x)?1,且f(1)?1,所以f(x)在点f(x)?limx2?1,lim因为lim????x?1x?1x?1x?1x?1连续,

综上所述,f(x)在区间[0,2)是连续函数。

)(?1,1)和(1,??)是初等函数,因此在(2)f(x)在区间(??,?1,(??,?1)?(?1,1)?(1,??)上f(x)是连续函数,

f(x)?lim1?1,limf(x)?limx?1,1)1?,因为lim且f(所以f(x)在点x?1连????x?1x?1x?1x?1续,

因为lim?f(x)?lim?x??1,lim?f(x)?lim?1?1,所以f(x)在点x??1间断,

x??1x??1x??1x??1综上所述,f(x)在区间(??,?1)?(?1,??)是连续函数,在点x??1间断。

1?x2nx?x, (3)由题意知f(1)?0,f(?1)?0,当x?1时,f(x)?limn??1?x2n1?x2n当x?1时,f(x)?limn??1?x2n1?x x?1?12n? x?limxx??x,因此f(x)?? 0 x?1 ,

n??1??x x?1?12n?xf(x)在区间(??,?1,(?1,1)和(1,??)是初等函数,因此在(??,?1)?(?1,1)?(1,??)上f(x)是连续函数,

f(x)?lim(?x)??1,limf(x)?limx?1,所以f(x)在点x?1间断, 因为lim????x?1x?1x?1x?1因为lim?f(x)?lim?x??1,lim?f(x)?lim?(?x)?1,所以f(x)在点x??1间

x??1x??1x??1x??1断,

综上所述,f(x)在(??,?1)?(?1,1)?(1,??)上连续,在点x??1间断。

2. 求下列函数的间断点,并判断其类型.如果是可去间断点,则补充或改变函数的定义,

使其在该点连续:

(1) y?1?cos2x1; (2) ; y?arctan2xx?1x(3) y?e;

x2?1 (4)y?2;

x?3x?2?sinx,x?0,? (6) f?x???x

?0,x?0;?2tanx(5) y?;

x解:(1) y?1?cos2x在x?0无定义,因此x?0为函数的间断点, x21?cos2x2x2?lim2?2,所以x?0为函数的可去间断点,补充定义又因为lim2x?0x?0xxf(0)?2,原函数就成为连续函数。

1(2) y?arctan在x?0无定义,因此x?0为函数的间断点,

x由lim?x?011?11????,可得lim?arctan?,由lim???limarctan??,可得,

x?0x?0?xx?0?xx2x2?1x所以x?0为函数的跳跃间断点。

(3) y?e在x?0无定义,因此x?0为函数的间断点,

11??11ex?0,由lim????,可得limex???,所以x?0???,可得lim由lim???x?0x?0x?0xx?0x为函数的无穷间断点。

x2?1(x?1)(x?1)(4)y?2在x?1,x?2无定义,因此x?1,x?2为函数的?x?3x?2(x?1)(x?2)间断点,


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