transferase 次黄嘌呤－鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶（嘌
呤回收途径）HHNK:hyperglycemic，hyperosmotic nonketotic coma
高血糖高渗性非酮症性昏迷5-HIAA:5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid 5-羟基吲哚乙
酸（5-羟色胺脱氨产物）His:histidine 组氨酸HIV:human immunodeficiency virus 人类免疫缺陷病 毒（即HTLV-和LAV，为AIDS 病原体）HLA:human leukocyte antigen 人白细胞抗原HLP:hyperlipopr
oteinemia 高脂蛋白血症HMG:human menopausal gonadotropin 人绝经期促性腺 激素HMG-CoA:hydroxymethyl glutaryl CoA 3-羟-3-甲基-
戊二酰辅酶A（合成酮体和胆固醇的中间产物）HMM:hexamethymelamine 六甲密胺（抗癌药）HMP:hexose monophosphate 磷酸己糖（支路）HMWK:high molecular weight kininogen 高分子激肽
原hnRNA:heterogeneous nuclear RNA 核异质核糖核酸HPA axis:hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 下 丘脑－垂体－肾上腺轴HPETE:hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid 氢过氧
二十碳四烯酸（合成白细胞三烯的中间产物）HPV:human papilloma virus 人类乳头瘤病毒HR:heart rate 心率HS:heparin sulfate 硫酸肝素HSE:herpes simplex encephalitis 单纯疱疹脑炎HSP:Henoch-Schnlein purpura 享舍二氏紫癜（即过
敏性紫癜）5-HT:5-hydroxytrptamine(serotnin) 5-羟色胺(血清 素)HTLV:human T cell leukemia virus 人类 T细胞白血 病病毒HTLV:human T lymphotropic virus 嗜人T淋巴细胞病
毒（同前，另名）HU:hydroxyurea 羟基脲（抗癌药）HUS:hemolytic-uremic syndrome 溶血性尿毒症综合 征HVA:homovanillic acid 高香草酸（多巴胺代谢产物）HX:histiocytosis X 组织细胞增生症 XH-Y:histocompatibility antigen 组织相容性抗原Y
（其结构基因位于Y染色体）HZ:herpes zoster 带状疱疹IBD:inflammatory bowel disease 炎症性肠道疾病IBS:irritable bowel syndrome 肠道激惹综合征IC:inspiratory capacity 深吸气量IC:immune complex 免疫复合物ICD:intracranial pressure 颅内压ICD:Interntionl Clssifiction of Diseses 国 际疾病分类ICF:intracellular fluid 细胞内液ICG:indocyanine green 吲哚氰绿(试验)（肝排泌功能
试验）ICS:immotile cilia syndrome 纤毛不动综合症ICU:intensive care unit 监护中心Id:idiotype 独特型ID:intradermal 皮内IDDM:insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 胰岛素 依赖性糖尿病IDL:intermediate-density lipoprotein 中等密度脂
蛋白IDU:idoxuridine 碘苷，疱疹净（抗病毒药）IE:infective endocarditis 感染性心膜炎IEC:invasive E.coli 侵袭性大肠杆菌IEP:immunoelectrophoresis 免疫电泳IF:inhibiting factor 抑制因子IFA:immune fluorescence antibody 免疫荧光抗体IFA:indirect fluorescent antibody 间接荧光抗体IGF-1:insulin-like growth factor I 胰岛素样生长
因子I（即SMC）IgG:immunoglobin G G型免疫球蛋白IGT:impaired glucose tolerance 糖耐量低减IHA:indirect hemagglatination 间接血凝（试验）IL:interleukin 白细胞介素ILD:interstitial lung disease 肺间质病Ile:isoleucine 异亮氨酸IM:infectious mononucleosis 传染性单核细胞增多症IM:intramuscular 肌内IMD:immunologically mediated diseases 免疫机制介 导疾病INH:isonicotinic acid hydrazide(isoniazid) 异烟
肼INQ:index of nutritional quality 营养质量指标IPD:inflammatory pelvic disease 盆腔炎IPF:idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 特发性肺间质纤
维化IPH:idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis 特发性肺 含铁血黄素沉着症IPPV:intermittent positive pressure ventilation
间歇正压通气给氧IQ:intelligence quotient 智商Ir:immune response 免疫应答（基因）IRD:immune renal disease 免疫性肾病iRNA:informational RNA 信息核糖核酸IRV:inspiratory reserve volume 补吸气容积Is:immune suppressor 免疫抑制（基因）ISG:immune serum globulin 免疫血清球蛋白ITP:idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 特发性血
小板减少性紫癜ITP:inosine triphosphate 三磷酸肌苷IU:international unit 国际单位IUD:intra-uterine device 宫内节育器IUI:intra-uterine insemination 宫腔内人工授精IV:intravenous 静脉内IVF:in vitro fertilization 体外受精IVP:intravenous pyelogram 静脉肾盂造影JCA:juvenile chronic arthritis 青年慢性关节炎JE:Japanese encephalitis 日本脑炎JEV:Japanese encephalitis vaccine 日本脑炎疫苗JGA:juxtaglomerular appar
atus 近血管球复合体K cells:killer cells 杀伤细胞Kb:kilobase 纤碱基Km:Michaelis constant 米氏常数17-KS:17-ketosteroid 17-酮类固醇17-KGS:17-ketogenic steroid 17-生酮类固醇KS:Kaposi's hemorrhagic sarcoma 卡波济氏出血性肉
瘤KUB:kidney，ureter,bladder 肾、输尿管及膀胱（平 片）LABD:linear IgA bullous dermatosus 线状免疫球蛋
白A大疱性皮肤病LAH:left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞LAK cell:lymphokine activated killer cell 淋巴因
子活化杀伤细胞LAT:latex agglutination test 乳胶凝集试验LATS:long-acting thyroid stimulator 长效甲状腺刺
激素LAV:lymphadenopathy-associated virus 淋巴结病相
关病毒（同HIV）LBM:lean body mass 不计脂肪体重LBW:low birth weight 低体重（儿）LC:Langerhan's cell 郎格汉斯氏细胞(皮肤免疫细胞)，
郎格汉斯氏细胞（妊娠滋养细胞）LC:Langhans'cell 郎汉斯氏细胞多核巨细胞LCAR:late cutaneous allergic reactions 晚期变态
反应性皮肤反应LCAT:lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase 卵磷
脂胆固醇乙酰基转移酶（催化胆固醇脂化）LCM:lymphocytic choriomeningitis 淋巴脉络丛脑膜 炎LD:Lyme disease 莱姆病LD body:Leishman-Donovan body 利士曼-多诺万二氏
小体LD:median lethal dose 半数致死量LDCF:lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor 淋巴
细胞趋化因子LDH:lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶LDL:low-density lipoprotein 低密度脂蛋白LE:lupus erythematosus 红斑狼疮Leu:leucine 亮氨酸LGA:large-for-gestational-age 大于胎龄（儿）LGV:lymphogranuloma venerum 性病性淋巴肉芽肿LH:leuteinizing hormone 黄体生成素LL:lepromatous leprosy 瘤型麻风LP:lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺LPAM:1-phenylalanine mustard 左旋苯丙氨酸氮芥LPH:left posterior hemiblock 左后分支阻滞β-LPH:β-lipotropic hormone β-促脂素LPL:lipoprotein lipase 脂蛋白脂酶LPS:lipopolysaccharide 脂多糖LRI:lower respiratory illness 下呼吸道病LS:life support 生命支持LSD:lysergic acid
diethylamide 赖瑟酸二乙胺（致
幻剂）LT:leukotriene 白细胞三烯LT:lymphotoxin 淋巴毒素LUF syndrome:luteinized-unruptured follicle syndrome 黄体化卵巢未破综合征LVSW:left ventricular stroke work 左心室每搏功Lyb:lymphocyte antigen on B cells B淋巴细胞表面
抗原（鼠）Lys:lysine 赖氨酸Lyt:lymphocyte antigen on T cells T淋巴细胞表面
抗原（鼠）βM:βmicroglobulin β微球蛋白MAC:membrane attack complex 膜攻击复合物（补体活 化产物）MAF:macrophage arming(activating)factor 巨噬细胞
武装（活化）因子MAI:Mycobcterium vium-intrcellulre 鸟－胞内
分支杆菌MAMA:midarm muscle area 中臂肌肉面积MAO:monoamine oxidase 单胺氧化酶MAOI:monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制
药MBC:minimal bactericidal concentration 最低杀菌 浓度MBC:maximal breathing capacity(MVV) 最大换气量 （同MVV）MBD:minimal brain damage 轻微脑损伤（即多动综合
征）MBF:myocardial blood flow 心肌血流量MBP:myelin basic protein 髓鞘碱性蛋白MIP:maximal inspiratory pressure 最大吸气压力MCGN:mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis 系膜毛 细血管性肾小球肾炎（同MPGN）MCH:mean corpuscular hemoglobin 平均红细胞血红蛋 白含量MCHC:mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCLS:mucocutaneons lymph node syndrome 皮肤粘膜 淋巴结综合征（即川崎氏病）MCNS:minimal change nephrotic syndrome 微小病变
性肾病综合征MCP:metacarpophalangeal 掌指（关节）MCTD:mixed connective tissue disease 混合结缔组 织病MCV:mean corpuscular volume 平均红细胞体积MD:muscular dystrophy 肌肉营养不良MDS:myelodysplastic syndrome 骨髓异常增生综合征MEA:multiple endocrine adenomatosis 多发性内分泌
腺瘤（同MEN）MEFV:maximal expiratory flow volume 最大呼气流量MEN:multiple endocrine neoplasia 多发性内分泌腺
瘤（同MEA）MET:metabolic equivalent 梅脱（代谢当量）Met:methione 甲硫氨酸，蛋氨酸MetHb:methemoglobin 高铁血红蛋白MF:myelofibrosis 骨髓纤维化MF:mycosis fungoides 蕈样霉菌病（即蕈样肉芽肿）MG:myasthenia gravis 重症肌无力MGN:membranous glomerulonephritis 膜性肾小球肾炎MHC:major histocompatibility complex 主要组织相
容性复合物MI:mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全MI:myooardial infarction 心肌梗死MIC:minimum inhibitory concentration 最低抑制浓
度MIF:migration inhibitory factor (单核-巨噬细胞)
移动抑制因子MIF:Mllerian inhibitory factor 米勒氏管抑制因子MIG:measles immune globulin 麻疹免疫球蛋白MIT:monoiodotyrosine 一碘酪氨酸MLD:minimum lethal dose 最小致死量MLR:mixed lymphocyte response 混合淋巴细胞反应MM:myeloid metaplasia 骨髓外化生MMEF:maximum mid-expiratory flow 最大呼气中期流
量MMM:myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia 骨髓纤
维化伴髓外化生MoAb:monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体6-MP:mercaptopurine 6-巯基嘌呤（抗癌药）MPGN:membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 膜
增殖性肾炎（同MCGN）MPO:myeloperoxidase 髓过氧化物酶MPS:mononuclear phagocyte system 单核吞噬细胞系
统MPS:mucopolysaccharidoses 粘多糖病MR:mental retardation 精神发育迟滞MR:mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣反流MR:myelography 脊髓造影MRI:magnetic resonance imaging 磁共振成像MS:mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄MS:multiple sclerosis 多发性硬化MSH:melanocyte-stimulating hormone 促黑素细胞激 素，促黑素MSOF:multiple system organ failure 多发性系统器
官衰竭MTP:metatarsophalangeal 跖趾（关节）MTX:methotrexate 氨甲蝶呤MVA:mevalonic acid 甲羟戊酸（合成胆固醇的中间代
谢物）MVV:maximal voluntary ventilation 最大通气量（同 MBC）m
:macrophage 巨噬细胞N:neuraminidase 神经氨酸酶NA:noradrenaline 去甲肾上腺素NA:neutr