★ 关系词只能用that的情况：
1) 先行词为all， any， much， many，little, something, everything， anything，nothing, none，the one等不定代词时
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 3) 先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last， little，few 等词修饰时 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 4) 先行词里同时含有人或物时
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that. Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ 6）there be 结构中先行词是物时
There is a book that belongs to Tom on the desk. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 ★（先行词指人）关系词只能用who的情况：
1) 当先行词是泛指代词he，they，people或指示代词that, those等时 He who does no work gets no pay. 不工作的人是没有报酬的。 We are in need of those who can work hard. 我们需要那些努力工作的人。 2) 不定代词one，ones，anyone等作先行词时
One who works without complain is welcome here． 那些工作没有抱怨的人在这受欢迎。 3) 在非限制性定语从句（先行词是人且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开）
The man, who comes from France, helped us at last. 那个来自法国的人最终帮助了我们。 4) 在there be 句型中
There is a girl who comes from America in our class. ★（先行词指物）关系词只能用which的情况： 1）先行词为that，those时
What’s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ 2）关系代词（指物）前有介词时
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 3）引导非限制性定语从句且先行词是物时
Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
注意：
1. 当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who/whom，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用
介词+which(指物) / whom(指人)
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
2. 在there be 句型中，先行词指人只能用who，指物只能用that。 There is a girl who expects to see you. There is a book that belongs to Tom on the desk.
一、 关系副词的用法（简单介绍）
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。 This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。 （2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。 This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。 （3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，在句子作原因状语。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 小结： 关系代词 who whom whose which that
关系代词用法歌诀
关系词，引定从，它们用法要分清。 that可用作主和宾，指人指物都能行。
先行词 人 人 人. 物 物 人. 物 在从句中充当 主语. 宾语 宾语 定语 主语. 宾语 主语. 宾语 which用来指代物，主语宾语都可充。 who和whom来指人，作主作宾各不同。 whose一词作用大，表人表物都能用。
That与which区别歌诀
that，which不一般，同指物时可互换。 不定代词为先行，只有that才可用。 先行词前有修饰，千万不可用which。 要用which也不难，可将介词来提前。
典型例题
一. 用关系代词填空
1. This is the professor _________ taught me Chemistry in 1980 . 2. The hospital _________ was built five years ago has been modernized. 3. This is the boy _________ father died three years ago. 4. The film _________ we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5. Do you know the student _________ was praised at the meeting? 6. They work in a factory _________ makes radio parts. 7. This is the vision phone through _________ we can see and talk to our friends. 8. He talked about the teachers and schools _________ he had visited. 9. He is the person ______ helped me. 10. That’s the computer ______ broke down.
11. We’re not the students ______ won the bad-Minton match. 12. It’s the dog ______ lives in our block of flats. 13. They’re the socks ______ are on sale this week. 14. He’s the person ______ is waiting for a taxi. 15. This is the train _______ goes to Shenzhen. 16. This is the road _______ leads to the Book City.
17. Those _________ want to go to the computer room write your names here. 18. Who is the person ______ is standing at the gate?
二. 单项选择
( ) 1. The man _____you saw in the street is Tommy.
A. which B. whose C. that D.as
( ) 2. Is this the museum _____ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. Who B. which C. the one D. whom ( ) 3. The boy _____ has an interesting story book. A. who sit next to you B. which sits next to you C. whom sits next to you D. that lives next to you ( ) 4. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been to. A. who
B. that C. where
D. when
( ) 5.The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who
( ) 6. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where
( ) 7. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom
( ) 8. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which ( ) 9. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where ( ) 10. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this ( ) 11. I am the only one ______ can do it right. A. which B. who C. that D. whom ( ) 12. This is the best film ______I have ever seen. A. which B. who C. that D. whom ( ) 13. All ______ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. who C. that D. whom
( ) 14.Take care of the boy and the dog ____ are crossing the street.
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
( ) 15.Finally, the thief handed everything____ he had stolen to the police.
A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
( ) 16.Who is the woman___ was talking to Miss Li?
A. he b. that C. whom D. which
( ) 17.In the street I met the scientist ______gave us a talk last week.
A. he B. which C. who D. what
( ) 18.That’s the only thing ___ can’t be forgotten in my life.
A. that B. which C. who D./
( ) 19.New York, ______ I visited last year, is a nice city.
A. which B. where C. when D. it
( ) 20. He is an estate businessman ____ loves climbing.
拓展练习 一. 单项选择
1. Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 2. This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 3. Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom 4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what
5. I have found some pictures of the most interesting places ______ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that
6. I’d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit Korea. A. which B. who C. what D. how
7. I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 8. Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 9. Is ________ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 10. ---What kind of music do you like? ---I like music ________ has great lyrics. A. that B. what C. who D. whose
11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket.
A. who B. whom C. he D. which