I
年产10万吨硫酸工厂设计
摘 要
硫酸可以由硫铁矿焙烧生成二氧化硫，通过二氧化硫的进一步催化氧化生成三氧化硫，最后用浓硫酸吸收三氧化硫制得硫酸。本设计是年产10万吨硫酸工厂的设计，主要进行了工艺计算、设备选型，并绘制了工艺流程图、部分工艺物料流程图、全厂平面布置图、车间的立面图和平面图。 关键词：硫铁矿，硫酸生产， 工厂设计
陕西科技大学毕业设计 II
The Factory of Sulfuric Acid Whose Output is 100,000 Tons Per Year
ABSTRACT
The sulfuric acid can be baked by the sulphur iron mine to burn born sulphur dioxide, The further catalyst which passes sulphur dioxide oxidizes born three oxidize sulphur, Finally absorb with the oil of vitriol three oxidize sulphur system sulfuric acid. This design is the year produces 100,000 ton sulfuric acid factory of design. It include the main equipment computation and the shaping in the technical process, entire factory floor-plan, s various workshops elevation and horizontal plan.
KEY WORDS: pyrites，sulfuric acid production，plant design
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目 录
摘要 ............................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 1 总论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 项目依据 ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 课题背景 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1.2 硫酸的用途及规格 ............................................................................................ 1 1.1.3 硫酸产业概况及需求现状 ................................................................................ 1 1.1.4 当代硫酸工业的特点及发展趋势 .................................................................... 2 1.2 产品性质、用途及规格 .............................................................................................. 2 1.3 设计原则 ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 设计任务 ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 工厂组织与劳动定员 .................................................................................................. 3 1.6 资金筹措 ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.7 环境保护与综合利用 .................................................................................................. 4 1.8 劳动安全卫生 .............................................................................................................. 5 2 厂址选择 ................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1 建厂依据 ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 指导方针 ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 选厂经过 ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 环境保护及废物处理 .................................................................................................. 7 3工艺流程的选择和简介 ......................................................................................................... 8
3.1 硫酸生产的原料 .......................................................................................................... 8 3.2 硫酸生产的方法 .......................................................................................................... 8 3.3 工艺流程的选择 .......................................................................................................... 8 3.4 工艺流程的简介 .......................................................................................................... 9
3.4.1 硫铁矿的预处理 ................................................................................................ 9 3.4.2 硫铁矿的焙烧 .................................................................................................... 9 3.4.3 炉气净化 .......................................................................................................... 10 3.4.4 SO2催化氧化 .................................................................................................. 10 3.4.5 SO3的吸收 ....................................................................................................... 11 3.5 硫酸生产三废治理、能量回收利用 ........................................................................ 11
3.5.1 三废治理 .......................................................................................................... 11
陕西科技大学毕业设计 IV
3.5.2 能量利用 .......................................................................................................... 12
4 工艺计算及设备选型 .......................................................................................................... 13
4.1 焙烧工序的工艺计算 ................................................................................................ 13
4.1.1 焙烧工序物料衡算： ...................................................................................... 13 4.1.2焙烧工序热量衡算： ....................................................................................... 16 4.1.3 废热锅炉的热量衡算： .................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.4废热锅炉的工艺计算： ................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.1.5 电除尘器的基本参数计算和选型： ............................ 错误！未定义书签。 4.2净化工序的工艺计算 ................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
4.2.1净化工序物料衡算： ....................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.2.2对干燥塔进行物料衡算： ............................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.2.3干燥塔的工艺计算： ....................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.3转化工序的工艺计算 ................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
4.3.1转化工序物料衡算： ....................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.3.2成塔进行能量衡算： ....................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4.3.3 转化工序平衡转化率及平衡组成 .................................. 错误！未定义书签。 4.3.4 转化器的工艺计算 .......................................................................................... 19 4.3.5 换热器的工艺计算 .......................................................................................... 20 4.4吸收工序的工艺计算 ................................................................................................. 22
4.4.1吸收工序物料衡算： ....................................................................................... 22 4.4.2 混合器物料衡算： ........................................................................................ 25
5 全厂总平面及车间设计 ...................................................................................................... 26
5.1 总平面设计任务和步骤 ............................................................................................ 26
5.1.1 总平面设计任务 .............................................................................................. 26 5.1.2 工厂组织 .......................................................................................................... 26 5.2 总平面设计原则 ........................................................................................................ 27 5.3 总平面布置评述 ........................................................................................................ 27 5.4 车间布置设计的意义 ................................................................................................ 28 5.5 车间布置设计的原则及方法 .................................................................................... 29 5.6 车间布置设计与评述 ................................................................................................ 29
5.6.1 关于平面布置方案 .......................................................................................... 29 5.6.2 关于厂房形式 .................................................................................................. 29 5.5.3 车间设备布置 .................................................................................................. 30 5.5.4 车间辅助室和生活室布置 .............................................................................. 31 5.6 工艺流程设计 ............................................................................................................ 31
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5.6.1 工艺流程设计的重要性 .................................................................................. 31 5.6.2 工艺流程设计的原则 ...................................................................................... 31
6设计结果 ............................................................................................................................... 32
6.1 设计成果 .................................................................................................................... 32 6.2 图纸及比例 ................................................................................................................ 32 6.3 主要设备的工艺参数 ................................................................................................ 32 总 结 ........................................................................................................................................ 35 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................ 36 参 考 文 献 ............................................................................................................................ 37