avoiding the negative imagery of films they would prefer to eschew entirely. Also to blame for this deleterious phenomenon are legions of desperate and Machiavellian African-American film producers, directors, and writers who would transform The Birth of a Nation into a black musical as long as it would provide them with gainful studio employment. These filmmakers not only perpetuate negative stereotypes in their films, but they also season them with a sprinkling of African-American authenticity. This situation would be onerous enough, given the economic exploitation of the community involved; unfortunately these films also validate the pathologies they depict. The constant projection of the black community as a kind of urban Wild Kingdom, the glamorization of tragic situations, and the celebration of inner city drug dealers and gangsters has a programming effect on black youth. The power of music in film is a particularly seductive and propagandistic force which in the recent crop of African-American films has rarely been used in a positive social manner. What flows from this combination of factors is a policy of market exploitation rather than market development, evidenced by the fact that any number of films may open to 1,500 screens in one week, only to totally disappear in less than a month. This restricted body of film products erodes the genre‘s long-term viability, particularly with the more fickle non-African-American audiences and foreign audiences. Furthermore, when African-American actors begin to emerge as stars, their projects are usually designed to be ―more‖ than a black film, such that any success that follows is therefore perceived not as a reflection of the viability of African-American filmmaking but as the broader pursuit of celebrity. 36. Which of the following best describes the main purpose of the passage? A. To contrast the condition of African-American cinema with that of mainstream cinema B. To provide an economic explanation for the unpopularity of African-American cinema C. To criticize the assumptions mainstream audiences allegedly make toward African-American cinema D. To catalogue the attitudes and practices responsible for the unpopularity of African-American cinema 37. According to the passage, each of the following is characteristic of African-American films being produced at present, EXCEPT ____. A. long-term viability as a genre in which audiences keep a consistent interest B. success in attracting audiences outside the African-American community C. a tendency to glamorize the problems existing in African-American urban communities D. a limited level of authenticity in terms of their presentation of African-American culture 38. According to the passage, film industry executives have been reluctant to support African-American cinema for which of the following reasons? A. Executives believe that African-American audiences are often repelled by the presentation of ideological issues in film. B. Executives conclude that African-American cinema is not likely to attract audiences overseas. C. Executives are of the opinion that African-American actors who emerge as stars are reluctant for the executives to associate them with ―black‖ films. D. Executives are under the impression that there are many strong African-American producers, but few willing to work with mainstream studios. 39. It may be inferred that the author of the passage considers The Birth of a Nation to be ___.
A. A movie outside African-American cinema whose adaptation to the African-American genre would likely prove awkward B. A movie that African-Americans would be unlikely to respond to in a positive fashion C. A movie that would likely require the input of African-Americans, were it to be remade D. A movie that validates the pathologies it depicts in the African-American community 40. According to the author, African-Americans filmmakers have failed to take which of the following steps in properly promoting African-American cinema? A. They have failed to demonstrate to studio executives the market potential of their films. B. They have failed to express ideological issues in their films that could attract potential audiences. C. They have neglected to use genuine African-American music as a force in their fimls. D. They have exploited stereotypes about African-Americans for the gain of themselves, but not the genre. Part III Translation (30%) Section A From Chinese into English (15%) Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from Chinese into English and write your translation on the answer sheet. 一位专家近日称，漱口水(Mouthwashes)可能会导致口腔癌，并呼吁超市停售这类产品。 1. 澳大利亚一名科学家对近期的一些相关研究进行调研后做出评论：目前有“足够的证据”可证明含有酒精的漱口水会增加患口腔癌的风险。 麦克尔?迈克洛夫教授称，一些漱口水比葡萄酒或啤酒还要危险，因为它们所含的酒精浓度较高，达到26%。该研究结果在《澳大利亚口腔健康》期刊上发表。 迈克洛夫教授指出，漱口水应需处方才能购买，而且建议只能短期使用。 他说：―我们发现口腔癌患者正是使用了含有酒精的漱口水，而并未涉及其它风险因素，所以在这项研究中，我们深入分析了现有的全部病例。‖ 2. 吸烟和饮酒已被认定为口腔癌的主要发病因素，每年英国有五千人患口腔癌，死亡病例达1600人。 来自墨尔本大学的迈克洛夫教授称，漱口水中的酒精会导致烟碱等致癌物更易渗入口腔内壁。 而且酒精的代谢产物乙醛也容易通过漱口过程在口腔中堆积，这种物质也会致癌。 3.该评论报告了一项有3210人参加的全球性研究提供的证据。这项研究发现，每天用漱口水是导致患头颈癌的一个“很重要的风险因素”。 Section B From English into Chinese (15%)
Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from English into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. 1. Nagging concerns about the global economic downturn and rising unemployment are forcing many young Britons to think twice about tying the knot this year, a think-tank said on Saturday. Almost 80 percent of young British couples living together want to get married, the think tank Civitas said, but would reconsider their wedding plans due to increasing job losses as companies cut costs and lay off workers. 2. \without financial stability and jobs they won't have the confidence to say 'I do',” the director of family and education at Civitas, said. The study, which surveyed 1,560 adults aged between 20 to 35, also found that for 50 percent of the people making a commitment was the most important reason to get married, and only two percent considered marriage for tax advantages. \a high-profile wedding,\district. But De Waal said the recession would have a serious impact on planning a life together. \3. A British Social Attitudes survey in January found that young people showed a less traditional attitude towards marriage and would put their careers first. About 40 percent of people aged between 18 to 34 said marriage was still the \relationship,\Part IV Essay Writing (20%) Directions: You are required to write about 200 words on the following topic: “Should Shanghai build the theme park, Disneyland?” 华中科技大学
2009年招收博士研究生入学考试试题参考答案（A）
Part I Cloze 1-5 ACADA 6-10 BACAB 11-15 ACABA 16-20 BACAD Part II. Reading comprehension (20x2=40%) 21-25 A B A D A 26-30 B A C A D 31-35 A C A C A 36-40 D A B A D Part III Translation (30%) Section A From Chinese into English (15%) 1. There is 'sufficient evidence' that those containing alcohol contribute to increased risk of the disease, according to a review of the latest studies by an Australian scientist. 2. Smoking and alcohol consumption are well-established risk factors in oral cancer which is diagnosed in 5,000 people in the UK each year, and causes 1,600 deaths. 3.The review reported evidence from an international study of 3,210 people which found daily mouthwash use was a 'significant risk factor' for head and neck cancer. Section B 1. 英国一家智库机构上周六称，对全球经济衰退的担忧和不断上升的失业率让英国很多年轻人不得不重新考虑结婚计划。 2. Civitas家庭和教育事务主管阿纳斯塔西娅?德瓦尔说：―受经济衰退的影响，下决心结婚也将变得更加困难，没有稳定的收入和工作，人们没有信心说?我愿意‘。 3. 今年1月开展的一项―英国社会态度‖调查发现，年轻人对婚姻的态度已经不那么传统了，他们倾向于将职业发展放在首位。