C）帮助他们有一个更好的理解的事情。 D）帮助他们获得他们需要他们生活的社会技能。 6、人发展的三个类型的天dreams____。 一）当他们的孩子 b）当他们在绝望
C）时，他们感到绝望的生活 d）当他们在坏的情况。 7、分散的人的特点是by___。 一）使事情非常有趣。 B）感到害怕和恐惧。 C）经常健忘和负 D）厌倦和容易分心
Unit 8 Passage 3第121页到第124页
The History of Harvest Festivals
原版:
Throughout history, mankind has celebrated the abundant harvest with thanksgiving ceremonies.
Before the establishment of formal religions, many ancient farmers believed that their crops contained spirits which made the crops grow or die. Many believed that these spirits would be released when the crops were harvested and they had to be destroyed, otherwise they would take revenge on the farmers who harvested them. Some of the harvest festivals celebrated the defeat of these spirits.
Harvest festivals and thanksgiving celebrations can be found around the world in
many cultures from ancient times to the present. The Greeks
The ancient Greeks worshipped many gods and goddesses. Their goddess of corn (actually all grains) was Demeter who was honored at the festival of Thesmosphoria held each autumn.
On the first day of the festival, married women would build leafy shelters and furnish them with couches made from plants. On the second day the fasted .On the third day a feast was held and offering to the goddess Demeter were made---seed corn, cakes, fruit, and pigs. The ancient Greeks hoped that Demeter‘s gratitude would grant them a good harvest next year. The Romans
The Romans also celebrated a harvest festival called Cerelia, which honored Ceres, their goddess of corn, from which the word cereal comes. The festival was held each other on October 4th and the first fruits of the harvest and pigs were offered to Ceres. Their celebration included music, shows, games, sports, and a thanksgiving fest. The Hebrews
Jewish families also celebrate a harvest festival called Sukkoth. Taking place each autumn, Sukkoth has been celebrated for over 3,000 years.
Sukkoth began on the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Tishri ([犹太历]，提市黎月), five days after Yom Kippur(赎罪日), the most solemn day of the Jewish year. Sukkoth was named for the huts that Moses and the Israelites lived in as they wandered around the desert for 40 years before they reached the Promised Land. These huts were made of branches and were easy to assemble, take apart, and carry as the Israelites wandered through the desert.
When celebrating Sukkoth, which lasted for eight days, the Jewish people built small huts of branches, which recalled the ones their ancestors once lived. These huts were constructed as temporary shelters, as the branches were not driven into the ground and the roof was covered with leaves that were spaced to let the light in. Inside the huts were hung fruits and vegetables, including apples, grapes, and corn. On the first two nights of Sukkoth, the families ate their meals in the huts under the evening sky. The Egyptians
The ancient Egyptians celebrated their harvest festival in honor of Min, their god of planting and productivity. The festival was held in the springtime, the Egyptian‘s harvest season.
The festival of Min included a characteristic show in which the pharaoh (法老) took part. After the show, a great feast was held. Music, dancing and sports were also part of the celebration.
When Egyptian farmers harvested their corn, they wept and pretended to be grief-stricken. This was to deceive the spirits which they believed to live in the corn. They feared the spirits would become angry when the farmers cut down the corn where they lived.
The Americans
In 1621, after a hard first year in the new world, the pilgrim‘s fall harvest was very plentiful. There were corn, fruits, vegetables, along with fish which was packed in s
alt, and meat that was smoke cured (烟熏贮藏) over fire. They found they had enough food to put away for the winter.
The Pilgrims had beaten the odds (逆境). They built homes in the wilderness, they grew enough crops to keep them alive during the long coming winter, and they were at peace with their Indian neighbors. Their Governor, William Bradford, announced a day of thanksgiving that was to be shared by all the colonists and the native American Indians.
The custom of an annually celebrated thanksgiving, held after the harvest, continued in the years followed. During the American Revolution (late 1770‘s), a day of national thanksgiving was suggested by the Continental Congress.
In 1817 New York State adopted Thanksgiving Day as an annual custom. By the middle of the 19th century many other states also celebrated a Thanksgiving Day. In 1863 President Abraham Lincoln appointed a national day of thanksgiving to be observed on the last Thursday in November. Every president after Lincoln issued an annual announcement to set the date of Thanksgiving. This continued until 1941 when a joint congressional resolution officially set the date as the 4th of Thursday in November.
1、Many ancient faemers believed that if the spirits in crops were not destroyed, they would ________. A) Grow or die
B) Harvest the crops
C) Do harm to the farmers D) Make crops grow or die
2、In many different countries throughout history, there are______. A) Spirits in crops B) Harvest fectivals C) Ancient beliefs D) Gods of corn
3、The ancient Greeks offered gifts to their goddess of corn in the hope that they could______.
A) Get good shelters next year B) Have good climate next year C) Get a good harvest next year D) Be safe and sound next year
4、What did the Romans do at their harvest festival? A) They ate cereal.
B) They harvested crops
C) They made offerings to Ceres. D) They ate the first fruits.
5、When celebrating Sukkoth, the Jewish people built small huts ______. A) To honor their ancestor‘s living place B) As temporary living place C) To store fruits and vegetables D) To eat their meals in
6、In ancient Egypt,people would pretend to be sad in order to _____. A) Show their faith in the corn spirits B) Deceive the corn spirits C) Show fear of the corn spirits D) Please the corn spirits 7、What happened in 1621?
A) The Pilgrims became very plentiful. B) The Pilgrims found some food. C) The Pilgrims had their fall harvest. D) The Pilgrims left for the New World.
译文：
纵观历史，人类有庆祝丰收和感恩仪式。
在正式宗教的建立，许多古代的农民认为，他们的庄稼中使作物生长或死亡的灵魂。许多人认为，这些情绪会被释放时，作物的收获和他们已经被摧毁，否则他们会报复农民收获。有的收获的节日庆祝这些精神的失败。
收获节和感恩节的庆祝活动可以发现，世界各地的文化从古至今。 希腊人
古希腊人崇拜许多神和女神。他们的女神的玉米（实际上所有的谷物）是得墨忒尔是谁在One节举行每年秋天荣幸。
在节日的第一天，已婚妇女将建立多叶的庇护所和提供他们的植物制成的沙发。第二天禁食。在第三天的盛宴举行祭献给女神得墨忒耳的了---玉米种子，蛋糕，水果，和猪。古希腊人希望得墨忒耳的感激之情将给予他们明年的丰收。 罗马人
罗马人也庆祝丰收的节日叫Cerelia，向CERES玉米，他们的女神，从该词的谷物来。这个节日是在十月四日举行的彼此收获的第一批成果和猪被提供到CERES。他们的庆祝活动包括音乐，表演，游戏，运动，和一个感恩节盛宴。 希伯来人的
犹太家庭庆祝收获的节日，叫到了。每年秋季发生，住棚节庆祝了3000多年。
到开始的希伯来月提斯利第十五天（[犹太历]，提市黎月），赎罪日之后的五天（赎罪日），犹太人一年中最隆重的一天。住棚节被命名为摩西和以色列人在当他们在沙漠里徘徊游荡了40年前他们到达应许之地的小屋。这些小屋是用树枝和易于组装，拆卸，携带当以色列人在沙漠里走。
当庆祝住棚节，历时八天，犹太人建造的小木屋的分支，它的祖先曾经生活的回忆。这些小屋建于作为临时庇护所，为分支机构不赶进了地面和屋顶覆盖着树叶，让光间隔。草棚里挂
着的水果和蔬菜，包括苹果，葡萄，玉米。在住棚节的头两天晚上，家人吃饭，在小屋的黄昏的天空下。 埃及人
古埃及人在荣誉民庆祝丰收的节日，种植和生产他们的神。该节在春天举行，埃及的收获季节。
民节包括一个特征表明，法老（法老）参加了。演出结束后，一个伟大的节日举行。音乐，舞蹈和体育也庆祝活动的一部分。
当埃及农民收获的玉米，他们假装悲伤哭泣。这是欺骗的精神，他们认为生活在玉米。他们害怕精神就会生气，当农民砍掉玉米他们住的地方。 美国人
1621，在新的世界努力后的第一年，朝圣者的秋收很丰富。有玉米，水果，蔬菜，还有盐腌制的咸鱼，和肉是熏（烟熏贮藏）火。他们发现他们有足够的食物去过冬。
朝圣者们击败的可能性（逆境）。他们在荒野中建造家园，他们种植的粮食足够长的冬天期间他们还活着，他们和他们的印度邻居和平。他们的总督，威廉布拉德福德，宣布了一个感恩的日子，是所有的殖民者和印第安人共享。
每年一次的庆祝感恩节的习俗，丰收后举行的，继续在随后的几年。在美国革命时期（1770年代后期），一天的感恩节是由大陆会议的建议。
1817纽约州将感恩节定为一年一度的节日。第十九世纪中叶许多其他国家也庆祝感恩节。1863亚伯拉罕林肯总统任命了一个国庆节感恩节是在十一月的上周四观察。每一个总统在林肯发表年度公告将感恩节日期。这一直持续到1941时，国会联合决议，正式日期定为十一月的第四个星期四。
1、许多古代faemers认为如果在作物的精神不被破坏，他们会________。 一）生长或死亡 B）收割庄稼 C）伤害农民 d）使作物生长或死亡
2、在许多不同的国家在历史上，有______。 一）精神在作物 B）收获fectivals C）古老的信仰 D）神的玉米
3、古希腊人提供了礼物，他们在希望他们能______谷物女神。 一）明年取得好的避难所 B）明年有良好的气候 C）明年有个好收成 D）明年平安