goods.
66. The passage suggests that “seconds”____________
A are of better quality than “substandard goods” B attract buyers as particularly good bargains.
C are defective but marked as perfect. D are goods with serious defects
67. The word “redress” ( the underlined word in the last paragraph) probably means ____
A dressing again B change of address
C compensation for something wrong. D selling the same product at different prices.
68. During sales shoppers should ____
A find the best bargains at every opportunity. B beware of being cheated. C buy things that are necessary. D pay more attention to the price. Passage Four
How many of today’s ailment, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat by the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression ----- the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.
One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and
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particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for “curing” their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers but the uneasiness of doctor who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases such as chronic depressive illness it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to “nerves”. Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.
It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the ordinary doctor’s attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.
69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills ______
A could be ineffective in some cases. B usually have harmful side effects.
C can greatly alleviate the illnesses. D can remove the root
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causes.
70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___ A whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients. B how psychologists should treat their patients. C the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effects.
D the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness. 71. The passage indicates that psychologists _____ A find it impossible to remove a psychological disease B feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugs. C believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored. D can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state .
72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they ____
A are at a loss for treatment. B have no right to use drugs.
C have to cure their patients by any means. D should use drugs to treat the symptoms.
73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ____
A a more serious disease B some emotional problem. C a physical disorder D prolonged work
74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ____ A concerned B hopeless C surprised D disappointed Passage Five
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Those who make the rules for financial institution probably should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me) are unclear, don’t approve them.
Charles Morris may not have intended his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim light on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.
Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail, again and again, how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift (互相储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, an attempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates, reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking can do to the real economy.
After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morris draws some pessimistic conclusions: “One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak.” For example, it “took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to bring honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn’t until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real estate and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards.”
So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone bad, asserts that regulation is absolutely necessary, that it is the
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essential plumbing in our economic house. Nevertheless, Mr. Morris should have noticed that plumbing requires plumbers, and while a good one can keep a house functional, a rotten plumber can turn a minor drip into a ruinous flood. 75. The passage is primarily concerned with ___
A recommending Morris’s new book. B criticizing Morris’ attitude to regulations.
C describing current economic situations. D commenting on financial regulators. 76. Which of the following is true of Money, Greed and Risk?
A It discusses the importance of plumbing in keeping a house functional. B It describes a great number of financial disasters in detail . C It analyses the reasons for regulating the banking industry. D It emphasizes the flaws in the financial system of the 1930s. 77. Regulation Q is quoted in the passage mainly to ____
A demonstrate what kind of examples Morris has cited in his book. B illustrate that misguided policies can be very harmful to economy.
C support Morris’s statement about the incompetence of Congressmen and bankers. D refute Morris’s conclusion about the foolishness of the government regulations. 78. The government regulations often fail to bring the desired result partly because ____
A the regulators do not understand economy well. B the regulations are enforced before a crisis hits its peak.
C banking executives do not believe in the current regulatory structure. D the standards for financial institutions are not consistent.
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