Unit three
同根词
1. sting prick conscience conscientious conscious
sting vt.刺痛；使苦恼；欺诈 vi.叮；刺痛 stinct n./adj.词根 =prick vi.扎、刺 prick v.刺 My conscience pricked me. 我受良心责备 (conscience ['k?n??ns] n.良心 conscientious [k?n??'en??s] adj.认真的；谨慎的；负责 conscious ['k?n??s] n.意识)
sting v. &n叮，刺 His words stung me. There's always a sting in his words.他说话总带刺儿。
distinguish discriminate discern tell part
distinguish=dis-tingu-ish dis- 分开 tingu=sting 刺 -ish v. v.区分，区别 =discriminate distinguish between A and B distinguish A from B
=discern discern between A and B discern A from B tell A from B
tell the difference between A and B tell sth apart tell the twins apart apart v.分开
Even if you see a friend off for a thousand miles, eventually you have to part. 送君千里终有一别 part v.分别
extinguish=ex-tingu-ish ex- 外 -ish v. v.消灭，熄灭 外来刺激导致灭绝 The fire was extinguished quickly.
distinct obvious apparent evident manifest transparent transform distinct=dis-tinct dis- 分开 -tinct=stinct 刺 adj. 1.与众不同的；2.明显的 I had the distinct impression that she was lying.
manifest adj.明白的；显然的 a manifest mistake 一个显而易见的错误
transparent=trans-par-ent trans- 穿过/转变 par 等价-ent adj. adj. 1.明显的；2.透明的 a transparent lie transform
extinct=ex-tinct ex- 外部 tinct=stinct 刺 adj.灭绝的 The giant panda is nearly extinct in the wild.
instinct=in-stinct in-里 stinct 刺 身体内部的刺激 n.本能 basic instinct 本能 I just act on instinct.
2. avert [?'v??t] convert divert [da?'v??t] invert -vert 转，翻转
avert=a-vert a- away 离开 vert 转 1.避开；2.防止
avert one's eyes转移目光 He averted his eyes when she undressed. avert an accident 避免了一次意外
convert exchange
convert=con-vert con- 一起 -vert 转，翻转 转变 convert A into B convert defeat into victory
exchange exchange A for B exchange US dollars for pound
divert=di-vert di- 偏离 -vert 转 转移，转向 divert one's interest/attention from sth
invert （finite ['fa?na?t] infinite ['?nf?n?t]）
invert=in-vert in- 反 -vert 转 v.颠倒 （finite adj.有限的 infinite adj.无限的） invert the order 颠倒次序
3. claim acclaim exclaim reclaim proclaim
claim v.声称，要求，主张 n.索赔 作为词根 cry out 喊 Don't claim to know what you don't know 不要不懂装懂 injury claim 伤害索赔 apply for injury claim
apply to The regulation applies to you as well. 这个规定也适用于你。
acclaim applause audience spectator
acclaim=ac-claim ac- 加强 claim 喊，要求 喝彩 The audience acclaim the play and shouted applause at the end of it. audience 剧场 spectator 赛场
exclaim=ex-claim ex- 外面 叫喊 exclaim with delight 欢呼 They exclaimed in horror at the price.
reclaim resist temptation withhold real estate housing market
reclaim=re-claim re- 反，回 收回，要求归还 （resist withhold）
reclaim one's last property 认领失物 real estate [?'ste?t] 房地产（永久性） housing market
proclaim=pro-claim pro- 在...前面 宣布 proclaim war 宣战
4. attain obtain entertain contain detain retain sustain maintain tain=hold 拿住
attain achieve realize ambition obtain derive deserve deceive attain=at-tain at- 加强 v.获得，达到
attain to knowledge attain one's ambition实现抱负 attain one's hopes achieve one's goal realize one's dream I realize I was wrong obtain=ob-tain ob- 完成，定局 -tain 拿 获得
obtain knowledge through practice derive knowledge from practice从实践中获取知识
entertain entertainment（ recreation pastime）
entertain=enter-tain enter- 在...中间 招待，使娱乐 工作之间拿到的东西
contain=con-tain con- 一起 V.包含
detain suspect
detain=de-tain de- 完全 扣留，耽搁 detain a suspect 扣留一个嫌疑犯
retain=re-tain re- 回 tain 拿 保留，保持 retain one's balance 保持平衡
We retain the right to take further measures.
sustain defeat
sustain=sus-tain sus- 下面 1.支撑;2.遭受
The hope sustained her. sustain a defeat 遭受失败
maintain=main-tain main- 主要 1.维持住; 2.维修，护理 maintain one's good health maintain a highway
5. concede precede recede ced=go 行走，前进
concede opponent privilege concession defeat
concede=con-cede con- 共同，一起 cede 走 1.让步;2.勉强承认 concede to the opponent 向对手让步 concede defeat concede a privilege to sb 承认某人享有特权
privilege=privi-lege private 个人 -lege =legal 法律 concession n.迁就，让步 make a concession
As a concession , he let me stay up an hour longer. stay up 熬夜
precede precedent procedure closure
precede=pre-cede pre- 在...前 cede 走 领先于... We were preceded by our tour guide. 导游领着我们走
precedent=preced-ent preced- 领先的 -ent n. 先例，惯例 set (create, establish) a precedent...为某事开创了先例
procedure=pro-ced-ure pro- 向前 ced 走 -ure n. 程序，步骤 legal procedure 法律程序 follow the procedure 按程序办事
recede agreement engagement propose promise stick fulfill depress depression slum slump revival concede concession recede=re-cede re- 往回，重复，相反 -rede 走 撤退，后退
Prices have receded. Prices have reached rock-bottom.物价已下降到最低点 recede from 从...撤退(抽象) recede from the agreement 撕毁合同
desert recession
engagement 订婚 propose求婚 promise 承诺 recede from the engagement 悔婚 recede from the promise make a promise 许诺 keep one's promise break one's promise perform one's promise fulfill one's promise
stick to one's promise 坚守 desert one's promise 背弃诺言
recede recession n.萧条，不景气 an economic recession 经济不景气
depress 使沮丧 depression n.经济萧条或不景气 the Great Depression 大萧条 slum n.贫民窟 slump [sl?mp] n.衰退，萧条 recession depression slump ? revival n.复苏
6. incur occur recur
-cur=run 跑
incur=in-cur in- 里 -cur 跑 招惹，招致，遭受 incur danger incur losses
occur obtain recall blunder abroad aboard abnormal nightmare
occur=oc-cur oc=ob 定局，完成 1.出现; 2.想起（意外或偶然） recall 想起 obtain ob- 定局，出现 t-ain 拿 得到，获得
Too many errors occur in the book. mistake fault blunder
An idea occurred to me. 我突然想起了一个主意
think about 考虑某事 =consider think of = recall 想起
abroad=ab-road ab- 离开，偏离 road 路 国外的 (abnormal) aboard=ab-board a- 状态 board 甲板 在船上，在飞机上
recur tablet nightmare
recur=re-cur re- 再次 -cur 跑来 再发生，重现 If the pain recurs, take the tablets.
a recurring problem 一个反复出现的问题 a recurring nightmare 梦魇 a recur illness 顽疾
形近词
1. dense tense intense intensive extensive
dense （smog motel automobile）
dense 1.浓的；2.稠密的 dense smog浓雾 dense population稠密的人口
smog=smoke+fog 烟雾 motel=motor+hotel motor：adj.机动的；汽车的；运动神经的 motor n. 马达 engine 引擎
motorcar 汽车（英） automobile ['??t?m?bi?l] 汽车（美） mobile ['m??ba?l] 可移动的 motorcycle 摩托车 motorbike 电驴子
tense adj.紧张的，拉紧的 nervous
tense situation/relation tense expression 紧张的表情
intense (fierce acute chronic abuse)
intense adj.剧烈的，强烈的 intense heat 巨热 fierce adj.强烈的；凶猛的；酷烈的 fierce storm acute adj.剧烈的；敏锐的；急性的 chronic 慢性的
acute pain acute mind acute disease great minds think alike
abuse=ab-use ab- 偏离 滥用；辱骂；虐待
intensive atemp temp
intensive intend v.打算 intend to do -ive 多的 adj. 精细的，深入的 intensive care 精心照顾 intensive study 深入研究 intensive reading 精读
extensive (stretch exaggerate)
extensive extend v.延伸 -ive adj.多的 adj. 广泛的 extensive knowledge 知识面 extensive reading 泛读
stretch v.延伸 stretch oneself 伸懒腰 stretch the truth=exaggerate 夸张\\言过其词
density tension intensify density n.密度 tension n.紧张 intensify v.加剧
2. adjust v.调节 adjust the watch把表拨准 adjust oneself to v.使自己适应于= adapt oneself to
3. access assess asset
access (square)
access n.1.使用权；2.通道，入口
have access to free education 享有免费教育的权利 the only access to the square
assess (evaluate estimate assessment)
assess v.评估，评价 = evaluate estimate 两个s是动词，两个c是名词 assess one's property 资产评估 reclaim one’s property
asset (fortune fluid reclaim)
asset ['?set] n.资产(加s)；财富 fortune 财富，运气 fluid assets 流动资产 Good health is a great assets.
4. outbreak output outcome outset outlet outlook outline out+xx n. 倒过来是动词短语
outbreak=break+out n.爆发 outbreak of the war