RMB 30, 000 yuan. If any law or administrative regulation prescribes a relatively higher minimum amount of registered capital of a limited liability company, the provisions of that law or administrative regulation shall be followed.
Article 27 A shareholder may make capital contributions in cash, in kind, or intellectual property right, land use right, or other non-monetary properties that may be assessed on the basis of currency and may be transferred according to the law, excluding the properties that shall not be treated as capital contributions under any law or administrative regulation.
The value of the non-monetary properties as capital contributions shall be assessed and verified, which shall not be over-valued or under-valued. If any law or administrative regulations provides for the value assessment, such law or administrative regulation shall be followed. The amount of the capital contributions in cash paid by all the shareholders shall be no less than 30% of the registered capital of the limited liability company.
有限责任公司注册资本的最低限额为人民币三万元。法律、行政法规对有限责任公司注册资本的最低限额有较高规定的，从其规定。
第二十七条 【股东出资方式、出资评估及其限制】股东可以用货币出资，也可以用实物、知识产权、土地使用权等可以用货币估价并可以依法转让的非货币财产作价出资；但是，法律、行政法规规定不得作为出资的财产除外。
对作为出资的非货币财产应当评估作价，核实财产，不得高估或者低估作价。法律、行政法规对评估作价有规定的，从其规定。
全体股东的货币出资金额不得低于有限责任公司注册资本的百分之三十。
Article 28 Each shareholder shall make full payment for the capital contributions he has subscribed to according to the bylaw. If a shareholder makes his capital contribution in cash, he shall deposit the full amount of such cash capital contribution into a temporary bank account opened for the limited liability company. If any capital contributions are made in non-monetary properties, the appropriate transfer procedures for the property rights therein shall be followed according to law.
Where a shareholder fails to make his capital contribution as specified in the preceding paragraph, he shall not only make full payment to the company but also bear the liabilities for breach of contract to the shareholders who have make full payment of capital contributions on schedule.
Article 29 The capital contributions made by the shareholders shall be verified by a lawfully established capital verification institution and the institute shall issue a certification to prove the contribution.
Article 30 After the initial capital contributions made by the shareholders have been verified by a lawfully established capital verification institution, the representative designated by all the shareholders or the agent entrusted by all the shareholders shall apply for establishment registration by submitting a company registration application, bylaw, capital verification and other documents to the company registration authority.
Article 31 After the establishment of a limited liability company, if the actual value of the capital contributions in non-monetary properties is found to be apparently lower than that set forth in the bylaw of the company, the difference shall be made up by the shareholder who offered them, and the other shareholders of the company who established the company shall bear several and joint liabilities.
Article 32 After the establishment of a limited liability company, each shareholder shall be issued a capital contribution certificate, which shall specify the following: (1) The name of the company;
(2) The date of establishment of the company; (3) The company’s registered capital;
(4) The name of the shareholder, the amount of his capital contribution, and the day when the capital contribution is made; and
(5) The serial number and date of issuance of the capital contribution certificate. The capital contribution certificate shall bear the seal of the company.
第二十八条 【股东出资义务的履行和出资违约】股东应当按期足额缴纳公司章程中规定的各自所认缴的出资额。股东以货币出资的，应当将货币出资足额存入有限责任公司在银行开设的账户；以非货币财产出资的，应当依法办理其财产权的转移手续。
股东不按照前款规定缴纳出资的，除应当向公司足额缴纳外，还应当向已按期足额缴纳出资的股东承担违约责任。
第二十九条 【股东出资的验资证明】股东缴纳出资后，必须经依法设立的验资机构验资并出具证明。
第三十条 【有限责任公司的设立登记】股东的首次出资经依法设立的验资机构验资后，由全体股东指定的代表或者共同委托的代理人向公司登记机关报送公司登记申请书、公司章程、验资证明等文件，申请设立登记。
第三十一条 【非货币财产出资违约责任】有限责任公司成立后，发现作为设立公司出资的非货币财产的实际价额显著低于公司章程所定价额的，应当由交付该出资的股东补足其差额；公司设立时的其他股东承担连带责任。
第三十二条 【股东出资证明书】有限责任公司成立后，应当向股东签发出资证明书。 出资证明书应当载明下列事项： （一）公司名称； （二）公司成立日期； （三）公司注册资本；
（四）股东的姓名或者名称、缴纳的出资额和出资日期；
（五）出资证明书的编号和核发日期。 出资证明书由公司盖章。
Article 33 A limited liability company shall prepare a registry of shareholders and the registry shall record the following information:
第三十三条 【股东名册】有限责任公司应当置备股东名册，记载下列事项：
(1)The names of all shareholders and their domiciles thereof; (2)The amount of capital contributions made by each shareholder; (3)The serial numbers for all capital contribution certificates.
The shareholders recorded in the registry of shareholders may, pursuant to the registry of shareholders, claim to and exercise the shareholder’s rights.
A company shall register each shareholder’s name and its amount of capital contributions in the company registration authority. Where any of the registered items is changed, the company shall modify the registration. If the company fails to do so, it shall not, on the basis of the unregistered or un-modified registration item, stand up to any third party.
Article 34 Every shareholder shall be entitled to review and duplicate the company’s bylaw, the minutes of the shareholders’ meetings, the resolutions of the board of directors’ meetings, the resolutions of the board of supervisors’ meetings, as well as the financial reports. Every shareholder may request to review the accounting books of the company. Where a shareholder requests to review the accounting books of the company, it shall submit a written request, which shall state his motives. If the company, has the legitimate reason to believe that the shareholder’s requests to review the accounting books has an improper motive and may impair the legitimate interests of the company, it may reject the request of the shareholder to review the books and shall, within in 15 days after the shareholder submits a written request, give the shareholder a written reply, which shall include an explanation. If the company reject the request of any shareholder to review the accounting books, the shareholder may plead a people’s court to demand the company to open the books for his review.
Article 35 Shareholders shall be distributed with the dividends based on the percentages of the capital that they actually contributed. When a company is going to increase the capital, its shareholders have the preemptive right to subscribe to the new capitals based on the same percentages of the old capital that they contributed. The exception shall be given if all shareholders agree that they will not be distributed with the dividends or have the preemptive right to subscribe to the new capitals based on the percentages of the old capital that they contributed.
Article 36 After the establishment of a company, no shareholder may illegally take away the registered capital.
Section 2 Organization Structure
（一）股东的姓名或者名称及住所； （二）股东的出资额； （三）出资证明书编号。
记载于股东名册的股东，可以依股东名册主张行使股东权利。
公司应当将股东的姓名或者名称及其出资额向公司登记机关登记；登记事项发生变更的，应当办理变更登记。未经登记或者变更登记的，不得对抗第三人。
第三十四条 【股东的查阅权】股东有权查阅、复制公司章程、股东会会议记录、董事会会议决议、监事会会议决议和财务会计报告。 股东可以要求查阅公司会计账簿。股东要求查阅公司会计账簿的，应当向公司提出书面请求，说明目的。公司有合理根据认为股东查阅会计账簿有不正当目的，可能损害公司合法利益的，可以拒绝提供查阅，并应当自股东提出书面请求之日起十五日内书面答复股东并说明理由。公司拒绝提供查阅的，股东可以请求人民法院要求公司提供查阅。
第三十五条 【股东分红权和优先认购权】股东按照实缴的出资比例分取红利；公司新增资本时，股东有权优先按照实缴的出资比例认缴出资。但是，全体股东约定不按照出资比例分取红利或者不按照出资比例优先认缴出资的除外。
第三十六条 【股东不得抽回出资】公司成立后，股东不得抽逃出资。
第二节 组织机构
Article 37 The shareholders’ meeting of a limited liability company shall be composed of all the shareholders. It is the authority of the company and shall exercise its powers according to this Law.
Article 38 The shareholders’ meeting shall exercise the following functions: (1) Determining the company’s operational guidelines and investment plans;
(2) Electing and changing the directors and supervisors assumed by non-representatives of the employees and deciding the matters relating to their salaries and compensations; (3) Deliberating and approving reports of the board of directors;
(4) Deliberating and approving reports of the board of supervisors or the supervisor; (5) Deliberating and approving annual financial budget plans and final account plans of the company;
(6) Deliberating and approving company profit distribution plans and loss recovery plans; (7) Making resolutions about the increase or reduction of the company’s registered capital; (8) Making resolutions about the issuance of corporate bonds;
(9) Adopting resolutions about the assignment, split-up, change of company form, dissolution, liquidation of the company;
(10) Revising the bylaw of the company;
第三十七条 【股东会】有限责任公司股东会由全体股东组成。股东会是公司的权力机构，依照本法行使职权。
第三十八条 【股东会的职权】股东会行使下列职权：
（一）决定公司的经营方针和投资计划； （二）选举和更换非由职工代表担任的董事、监事，决定有关董事、监事的报酬事项； （三）审议批准董事会的报告；
（四）审议批准监事会或者监事的报告； （五）审议批准公司的年度财务预算方案、决算方案；
（六）审议批准公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案；
（七）对公司增加或者减少注册资本作出决议；
（八）对发行公司债券作出决议；
(11) Other functions as specified in the bylaw.
If all the shareholders consent to any of the matters listed in the preceding paragraph by writing , they do not need to hold a shareholders’ meeting and may made decisions and have the decisions signed and sealed by all the shareholders.
（九）对公司合并、分立、解散、清算或者变更公司形式作出决议； （十）修改公司章程；
（十一）公司章程规定的其他职权。 对前款所列事项股东以书面形式一致表示同意的，可以不召开股东会会议，直接作出决定，并由全体股东在决定文件上签名、盖章。
Article 39 The first shareholders’ meeting shall be convened and presided over by the shareholder who made the largest capital contributions, and he shall exercise his powers according to this Law.
Article 40 The shareholders’ meetings shall be classified into regular meetings and interim meetings. The regular meetings shall be timely held according to the bylaw. Where an interim meeting is proposed by the shareholders representing 1/10 of the voting rights or more, or by directors representing 1/3 of the voting rights or more, or by the board of supervisors, or by the supervisors of the company with no board of supervisors, an interim meeting shall be held.
第三十九条 【股东会的首次会议】首次股东会会议由出资最多的股东召集和主持，依照本法规定行使职权。
第四十条 【股东会的会议制度】股东会会议分为定期会议和临时会议。
定期会议应当依照公司章程的规定按时召开。代表十分之一以上表决权的股东，三分之一以上的董事，监事会或者不设监事会的公司的监事提议召开临时会议的，应当召开临时会议。
Article 41 Where a limited liability company has set up a board of directors. The shareholders’ meetings shall be convened by the board of directors and presided over by the chairman of the board of directors. If the chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, the meetings thereof shall be presided over by the deputy chairman of the board of directors. If the deputy chairman of the board of directors is unable or fails to perform his duties, the meetings shall be presided over by a director jointly recommended by half or more of the directors.
For a limited liability company with no board of directors, the shareholders’ meetings shall be convened and presided over by the acting director.
If the board of directors or the acting director is unable or fails to fulfill the duties of convening the shareholders’ meeting, the board of supervisors or the supervisor of the company with no board of supervisors may convene and preside over such meetings. If the board of supervisors or supervisor does not convene or preside over such meetings, the shareholders representing 1 / 10 or more of the voting rights may convene and preside over such meetings on their own initiatives.
Article 42 Every shareholder shall be given a notice 15 days before a shareholders’ meeting is held unless it is otherwise specified by the bylaw or it is otherwise stipulated by all the shareholders.
A shareholders’ meeting shall make the minutes for the decisions about the matters discussed at the meeting. The shareholders who attended the meeting shall affix their signatures to the minutes.
Article 43 The shareholders shall exercise their voting rights at the shareholders’ meetings based on their respective percentage of the capital contributions unless it is otherwise prescribed by the bylaw.
Article 44 Unless it is otherwise provided for by this Law, the discussion methods and voting procedures of the shareholders’ meeting shall be provided for in the bylaw.
A resolution made at a shareholders’ meeting on revising the bylaw, increasing or reducing the registered capital, merger, split-up, dissolution or change of the company form shall be adopted by the shareholders representing 2 / 3 or more of the voting rights.
第四十一条 【股东会会议的召集与组织】有限责任公司设立董事会的，股东会会议由董事会召集，董事长主持；董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长主持；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由半数以上董事共同推举一名董事主持。
有限责任公司不设董事会的，股东会会议由执行董事召集和主持。
董事会或者执行董事不能履行或者不履行召集股东会会议职责的，由监事会或者不设监事会的公司的监事召集和主持；监事会或者监事不召集和主持的，代表十分之一以上表决权的股东可以自行召集和主持。
第四十二条 【股东会会议的通知期限和会议记录】召开股东会会议，应当于会议召开十五日前通知全体股东；但是，公司章程另有规定或者全体股东另有约定的除外。
股东会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的股东应当在会议记录上签名。 第四十三条 【股东的表决权】股东会会议由股东按照出资比例行使表决权；但是，公司章程另有规定的除外。
第四十四条 【股东会的议事方式和表决程序】股东会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。
股东会会议作出修改公司章程、增加或者减少注册资本的决议，以及公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的决议，必须经代表三分之二以上表决权的股东通过。
Article 45 The board of directors established by a limited liability company shall be composed of 3 up to 13 members unless it is otherwise provided by Article 51 of this Law.
第四十五条 【董事会及其成员构成及董事长法律地位】有限责任公司设董事会，其成员为三人
If a limited liability company established by 2 or more state-owned enterprises or other state-owned investors, the board of directors shall include representatives of the employees of the companies. The board of directors of any other limited liability company may also include representatives of the employees of the company concerned. The employees’ representatives who are to serve as board directors shall be democratically elected by the employees of the company through the general assembly of the representatives of employees, employees’ assembly of the company or in any other way. The board of directors shall have one chairman and may have one or more deputy chairmen. The appointment of the chairman and deputy chair shall be specified in the bylaw.
至十三人；但是，本法第五十一条另有规定的除外。
两个以上的国有企业或者两个以上的其他国有投资主体投资设立的有限责任公司，其董事会成员中应当有公司职工代表；其他有限责任公司董事会成员中可以有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。
董事会设董事长一人，可以设副董事长。董事长、副董事长的产生办法由公司章程规定。
Article 46 The term of office of the directors shall be provided for by the bylaw, but each term of office shall not exceed 3 years. The directors may, after the expiry of their term of office, hold a consecutive term upon re-election. If no reelection is timely carried out after the expiry of the term of office of the directors, or if the number of the members of the board of directors is less than the quorum due to the resignation of some directors from the board of directors prior to the expiry of their term of office, the original directors shall, before the newly elected directors assume their posts, perform the powers of the directors according to the laws, administrative regulations, as well as the bylaw.
Article 47 The board of directors shall be responsible for the shareholders’ meeting and exercise the following functions:
(1) Convening shareholders’ meetings and presenting reports thereto; (2) Implementing the resolutions made at the shareholders’ meetings; (3) Determining the company’s business and investment plans;
(4) Working out the company’s annual financial budget plans and final account plans; (5) Working out the company’s profit distribution plans and loss recovery plans;
(6) Working out the company’s plans on the increase or reduction of registered capital, as well as on the issuance of corporate bonds;
(7) Working out the company’s plans on merger, split, change of the company form, or dissolution, etc.;
(8) Making decisions on the establishment of the company’s internal management departments;
(9) Making decisions on hiring or dismissing the company’s manager and his salary and compensation, and, according to the nomination of the manager, deciding on the hiring or dismissal of vice manager(s) and the persons in charge of finance as well as their salaries and compensations;
(10) Working out the company’s basic management system; and (11) Other functions as specified in the bylaw.
第四十六条 【董事的任职期限】董事任期由公司章程规定，但每届任期不得超过三年。董事任期届满，连选可以连任。
董事任期届满未及时改选，或者董事在任期内辞职导致董事会成员低于法定人数的，在改选出的董事就任前，原董事仍应当依照法律、行政法规和公司章程的规定，履行董事职务。
第四十七条 【董事会的职权】董事会对股东会负责，行使下列职权：
（一）召集股东会会议，并向股东会报告工作；
（二）执行股东会的决议；
（三）决定公司的经营计划和投资方案； （四）制订公司的年度财务预算方案、决算方案；
（五）制订公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案；
（六）制订公司增加或者减少注册资本以及发行公司债券的方案；
（七）制订公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的方案；
（八）决定公司内部管理机构的设置； （九）决定聘任或者解聘公司经理及其报酬事项，并根据经理的提名决定聘任或者解聘公司副经理、财务负责人及其报酬事项； （十）制定公司的基本管理制度； （十一）公司章程规定的其他职权。
Article 48 A meeting of the board of directors shall be convened and presided over by the chairman of the board of directors. If the chairman of the board of directors is unable or fails to perform his duties, it may be convened or presided over by the deputy chairman of the board of directors. If the deputy chairman of the board of directors is unable or fails to perform his duties, it may be convened or presided over by a director whom is jointly recommended by half or more of the directors.
Article 49 Unless it is otherwise provided for by this Law, the discussion methods and voting procedures of the board of directors shall be specified by the bylaw.
The board of directors shall make minutes of the decisions about the matters discussed at the meetings thereof. The shareholders who attend the meeting shall affix their signatures to the minutes.
In the voting on a resolution of the board of directors, every director shall have one vote.
第四十八条 【董事会会议的召集和主持】董事会会议由董事长召集和主持；董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长召集和主持；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由半数以上董事共同推举一名董事召集和主持。
第四十九条 【董事会的议事方式和表决程序】董事会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。
董事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的董事应当在会议记录上签名。 董事会决议的表决，实行一人一票。
Article 50 A limited liability company may have a manager, who shall be hired or dismissed upon decision of the board of directors. The manager shall be responsible for the board of directors and shall exercise the following powers:
(1)Taking charge of the management of the production and business operations of the company, organizing the implementation of the resolutions of the board of directors; (2)Organizing the execution of the company’s annual business plans and investment plans; (3)Drafting plans on the establishment of the company’s internal management departments; (4)Drafting the company’s basic management system; (5)Formulating the company’s specific rules and policies;
(6)Proposing to hire or dismiss the company’s vice manager(s) and the person in charge of finance;
(7)Deciding on the hiring or dismissal of the persons-in-charge other than those who shall be decided by the board of directors; and
(8)Other powers conferred by the board of directors.
If the bylaw provides otherwise for the powers of managers, the bylaw shall be followed. The manager attends the meetings of the board of directors as a non-voting representative.
第五十条 【经理的职权】有限责任公司可以设经理，由董事会决定聘任或者解聘。经理对董事会负责，行使下列职权：
（一）主持公司的生产经营管理工作，组织实施董事会决议；
（二）组织实施公司年度经营计划和投资方案；
（三）拟订公司内部管理机构设置方案； （四）拟订公司的基本管理制度； （五）制定公司的具体规章；
（六）提请聘任或者解聘公司副经理、财务负责人；
（七）决定聘任或者解聘除应由董事会决定聘任或者解聘以外的负责管理人员； （八）董事会授予的其他职权。
公司章程对经理职权另有规定的，从其规定。 经理列席董事会会议。
Article 51 For a limited liability company with a relatively small number of shareholders or for a relatively small limited liability company, it may have an acting director and no board of directors. The acting director may concurrently hold the post of the company’s manger. The powers of the acting director shall be specified in the bylaw.
Article 52 A limited liability company may set up a board of supervisors, which shall be composed of at least 3 persons. For a limited liability company in which there is a relatively small number of shareholders or which is relatively small in scale, it may have 1 or 2 supervisors and does not have to establish a board of supervisors. The board of supervisors shall include shareholders’ representatives and representatives of the employees’ of the company at an appropriate ratio to be specifically prescribed in the bylaw. The employees’ representatives who are to serve as members of the board of supervisors shall be democratically elected by the employees of the company through the assembly of the employees’ representatives, or employees’ assembly or by any other means. The board of supervisors shall have one chairman, who shall be elected by half or more of all the supervisors. The chairman of the board of supervisors shall convene and preside over the meetings of the board of supervisors. If the chairman of supervisors is unable or fails to perform his duties, the supervisor recommended by half or more of the supervisors shall convene and preside over the meetings of the board of supervisors.
No director or senior manager may concurrently serve as a supervisor.
Article 53 Each term of office of the supervisors shall be 3 years. The supervisors may, after the expiry of their term of office, hold a consecutive term upon reelection. If no reelection is timely carried out after the expiry of the term of office of the supervisors, or if the number of the members of the board of directors is less than the quorum due to the resignation of some directors from the board of supervisors prior to the expiry of their term of office, the original supervisors shall, before the newly elected supervisors assume their posts, exercise the powers of the supervisors according to laws, administrative regulations, as well as the bylaw. Article 54 The board of supervisors or supervisor of a company with no board of supervisors may exercise the following powers:
(1)To check the financial affairs of the company;
(2)To supervise the duty-related acts of the directors and senior managers, to put forward proposals on the removal of any director or senior manager who violates any law, administrative regulation, the bylaw or any resolution of the shareholders’ meeting; (3)To demand any director or senior manager to make corrections if his act has injured the interests of the company;
第五十一条 【执行董事】股东人数较少或者规模较小的有限责任公司，可以设一名执行董事，不设董事会。执行董事可以兼任公司经理。 执行董事的职权由公司章程规定。
第五十二条 【监事会和监事】有限责任公司设监事会，其成员不得少于三人。股东人数较少或者规模较小的有限责任公司，可以设一至二名监事，不设监事会。
监事会应当包括股东代表和适当比例的公司职工代表，其中职工代表的比例不得低于三分之一，具体比例由公司章程规定。监事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。
监事会设主席一人，由全体监事过半数选举产生。监事会主席召集和主持监事会会议；监事会主席不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由半数以上监事共同推举一名监事召集和主持监事会会议。 董事、高级管理人员不得兼任监事。
第五十三条 【监事的任职期限】监事的任期每届为三年。监事任期届满，连选可以连任。 监事任期届满未及时改选，或者监事在任期内辞职导致监事会成员低于法定人数的，在改选出的监事就任前，原监事仍应当依照法律、行政法规和公司章程的规定，履行监事职务。
第五十四条 【监事会或监事的一般职权】监事会、不设监事会的公司的监事行使下列职权： （一）检查公司财务；
（二）对董事、高级管理人员执行公司职务的行为进行监督，对违反法律、行政法规、公司章程或者股东会决议的董事、高级管理人员提出罢免的建议；
（三）当董事、高级管理人员的行为损害公司