(9) y?sinx
nnn?1n解:y??cosx(x)??nxcosx
nn(10) y?sinx 解:y??nsinn?1x(sinx)??ncosxsinn?1x
(11) y?lntan解:y??x 2x1xx1x11x111(tan)??(sec2)()??(tan)??sec2??xxx22222tanx22sinxcosxsinx tantantan22222221(12)y?xsin1x
11111111?x2cos()??2xsin?x2cos(?2)?2xsin?cos xxxxxxxx解:y??2xsin(13) y?lg(x?x2?a2)
22x2?a2?x2x?a解:y?? ??22222222(x?x?a)ln10(x?x?a)ln10(x?x?a)x?aln10(x?x2?a2)?1?2x(14) y?1 cosnx?n?n?1解:y??[(cosx)]??(?n)(cosx)13求下列各函数的导数: (1) y?arcsin(cosx)??nsinx(cosx)?n?1
x 2解:y??x211()???
2222x4?x4?x1?()222x1?x2
1(2)y?arctan2x12x(1?x2)22(1?x2)?2x(?2x)y??()??解:y?arctan2222222x1?x(1?x)(1?x)21?x 1?()21?x2(1?x2)2 ??222(1?x)(1?x)(3) y?(arcsin)
x22解:y??2(arcsin)(arcsin)??2(arcsin)x2x2x2xx21()??2(arcsin)
24?x22x221?()21x1 ?2(arcsin)24?x2(4) y?x1?x2?arcsinx 解:y??1?x?x(1?x)??2211?x2?1?x?x2?x1?x2?11?x2?2(1?x2)1?x2?21?x2 (5) y?sinx?cosx?sin(cosx) 解:y??cosx(x)??1(cosx)??cos(cosx)(cosx)?
2cosx ?cosx12x?2?sixn?cos(cxo?s)(x sin)2coxs(6) y?tan(1?2x)
解:y??2tan(1?2x)[tan(1?2x)]??2tan(1?2x)sec(1?2x)(1?2x)?
2?2tan(?1x2
2)2se?cx(21x2?8x)t4an(?1x22 2)2se?cx(12222222)14 下列各题中的方程均确定y是x的函数,求y?x(其中a,b为常数) (1)x?y?xy?1
解:方程两边对x求导,有2x?2yy??y?xy??0即 (2y?x)y??y?2x , 解出y??22y?2x
2y?x(2)y?2axy?b?0
解:方程两边对x求导,有2yy??2ay?2axy??0即 (2y?2ax)y??2ay , 解出y??2ay y?ax(3)y?x?lny 解:方程两边对x求导,有y??1?y?1即 (1?)y??1 , yy 解出y??y y?1y(4)y?1?xe
解:方程两边对x求导,有y??e?xey?即 (1?xe)y??e ,
yyyyey 解出y?? y1?xe15 求曲线y?y?2x在点(1,1)处的切线方程和法线方程。 解:点(1,1)在曲线上即(1,1)为切点,切线斜率为y?x?1,
方程两边对x求导,有3yy??2yy??2 ,解出y??2322 23y?2y于是得点(1,1)处切线斜率为y?(1,1)?2, 5得切线方程为y?1?2(x?1),即2x?5y?3?0 55(x?1),即5x?2y?7?0 2法线方程为y?1??16利用取对数求导法求下列函数的导数(其中a1,a2,?an,n为常数): (1)y?x1?x1?x 解:方程两边取自然对数,lny?lnx?1(ln(1?x)?ln(1?x)) , 2方程两边对x求导,
111?11y???[()?]yx21?x1?x
得y??y(?1x11?)
2(x?1)2(1?x)x23?x(2)y??31?x(3?x)2 解:方程两边取自然对数,lny?2lnx?ln(1?x)?ln(3?x)?132ln(3?x) , 3方程两边对x求导,
11?11?121y??2???yx1?x33?x33?x
得y??y(?
2x112??) x?13(x?3)3(3?x)(3)y?(sinx)tanx
解:方程两边取自然对数,lny?tanxln(sinx) , 方程两边对x求导,
21cosxy??sec2xln(sinx)?tanx?sec2xln(sinx)?1 ysinx得y??y[secxln(sinx)?1]
17求下列各函数的导数(其中f可导) (1)y?f(ex)ef(x),求y?x,
解:y??f?(ex)exef(x)?f(ex)ef(x)f?(x)?ef(x)[f?(ex)ex?f?(x)f(ex)]
(2)y?f(ex?xe),求y?x, 解:y??f?(ex?xe)(ex?exe?1)
(3)y?f(sinx)?f(cosx),求y?x22
解:y??f?(sin2x)2sinxcosx?f?(cos2x)2cosx(?sinx)
?sin2x[f?(sin2x)?f?(cos2x)]
18求下列函数的导数:
2?dy?x?2t?t(1)?3,求dx ??y?3t?tdyyt?3?3t23(1?t)解:dx?x??2?2t?2 t?x?asin3?cos?dy(其中为常数),求a?(2) y?asin3?sin? , dx??? ?3dyyt?a(3cos3?sin??sin3?cos?)3cos3?sin??sin3?cos?解:dx?x??a(3cos3?cos??sin3?sin?)?3cos3?cos??sin3?sin?
tdydx???332?3 ?13(?1)23(?1)x?0?x?1?2x?0 ,试分析在点x?0处,k为何值时,f(x)有极限; 19设有函数f(x)??k?kxex?1x?0?k为何值时,f(x)连续,k为何值时,f(x)可导。 f(x)?lim?(x?1)?1 解:(1)lim?x?0x?0x?0xlimf(x)?lim(kxe?1)?1 ??x?0所以k为任意实数时,limf(x)?1。
x?0(2)而f(0)?k,
所以k?1,即k??1时,函数f(x)在x?0处连续。
22f(x)?f(0)f(x)?k2?lim(3)f?(0)?lim
x?0x?0x?0x