六级汉译英翻译
六级汉译英翻译：宋徽宗
宋徽宗，名赵佶，北宋第八位皇帝，是宋朝最著名的皇帝之一。他不是一个称职的皇帝，却是一位杰出的书画家。宋徽宗身在宫苑，有条件接近当时的第一流名家。他的花鸟画（flower-bird painting）主要受吴元瑜的影响；在书法方面，他最初是向黄庭坚学习，后来自成一家，创造了瘦金体（”Slender Gold”） 。宋徽宗在不断提高自身书画艺术水平的同时，还致力于书画艺术的改革创新。他在位期间，将画家的地位提到中国历史上最高的位置。 考点： 1. 句法结构 非限制性定语从句 被动态
关联词（状语从句、并列句） 现在分词
2. 习惯搭配 have the advantage of being close to 3. 时态
Emperor huizong, whose name was Zhao Ji, was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Northern Song Dynasty. Though incompetent as a ruler, he was an excellent painter and calligrapher. Being an imperial member, Huizong had the advantage of being close to the top artists of that time. His flower-bird painting was influenced by Wu Yuanyu. In terms of calligraphy, he first learned from Huang Tingjian, butlater he created his own style known as the “Slender Gold”. Whiledevoting himself to his own artistic improvement, Huizong also concentrated on the innovation of painting and calligraphy. When he was on the throne, he elevated the painter’s status to the highest level in the history of China.
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六级汉译英翻译：中餐文化
中国悠久的历史、广袤的国土、与世界各国和海外文化的广泛接触，孕育了中餐的独特艺术。中国有一句古话至今还广为流传，叫作“民以食为天”。几千年的推陈出新和不断累积，使中餐受到越来越多的海外人士的青睐，成为了我国对外文化交流的一个友好使者。现代中国已享有“烹饪王国“之美誉，精致的烹调艺术盛行全球，中餐烹饪已名列世界顶尖菜系（culinary style）之林。中餐烹调所用的天然配料，品种繁多；烹调方法，亦层出不穷。 考点：
1. 中国成语、习语
广为流传 推陈出新 层出不穷 享有美誉 “民以食为天” 2. 修饰语
广袤 广泛 盛行 精致
China’s long history, vast territory and extensive contact with other nations and cultures have given birth unique Chinese culinary art. An ancient Chinese saying, which is still popular today, goes, “People regard food as their prime want“. With several thousand years of innovation and accumulation, the Chinese cuisine hasbecome increasingly popular amongmore and more foreign people, becoming an envoy of friendship of China’s cultural exchanges with foreign countries. Modern China enjoys a worldwide reputation asthe “kingdom of cuisine”. The exquisite Chinese culinary art has prevailed all over the world, which is one of the world’s top culinary styles. The kinds of natural ingredients and methods of cooking seem endless.
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六级汉译英翻译：中医
中医（traditional Chinese medicine）起源于6000多年前的神农氏时代，这位著名的中国古代药王所生活的时代被认为是中医史上的萌芽阶段（embryo stage）。 中医学在长期的发展过程中，逐渐形成了一整套医学原则和观点。首先，中医认为“万物人为贵“。中医将“救死扶伤”视为职业道德规范。第二，中医注重无病防病，强调以食补（food treatment）来延缓衰老，减少疾病。第三，中医理论认为，社会环境与自然环境相互作用、互为依存，人的身心也是一种相互作用、互为依存的关系。
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) originated from Shennong, the famous king of medicine in ancient China who lived about 6000 years ago. The time Shennong lived is considered to be the embryo stage of the development of TCM. During its long process of development, TCM has gradually developed a set of medical principles and concepts. First, it believes that “nothing is more important than a human life”. It regards “healing the wounded and rescuing the dying” as its professional ethics. Second, it pays attention to the early prevention of diseases, advocating the food treatment to defer senility and reduce diseases. Third, in the TCM theory, the relationship between social and natural environment, as well as the relationship between human body and spirit, is of mutual influence and interdependence.
考点：
习语、成语 句法结构：
谓语结构
被动语态 并列结构
定语 - 同位语 （中英互译）
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六级汉译英翻译：指南针
指南针的发明，促进了中国人的航海（navigation）事业。中国人配合对潮汐、季风（monsoon）等的观察，在航海中创造了一套实用性很强的导航技术
（navigation technology）。正是凭借这样的导航技术，才出现了像郑和下西洋（Zheng He’s voyage to the West）那样的海上壮举，将中国人的航海事业推进到了一个新时代。就世界范围来说，指南针在航海上的应用，导致了以后哥伦布对美洲大陆的发现和麦哲伦的环球航行。这大大加速了世界经济发展的进程，为资本主义（capitalism）的发展提供了必不可少的前提（precondition）。 The invention of compass promoted Chinese navigation. Combined with the observation of tide and monsoon, Chinese people created a practical navigation technology in their sailing. It was with this navigation technology that Zheng He’s voyage to the West would happen, which promoted Chinese navigation to a new era. In the view of the world, the application of compass in sailing facilitated Columbus ‘discovery of American Continent and Magellan’s voyage around the world afterwards, accelerating the development of global economy and providing necessary precondition for the development of capitalism.
六级汉译英翻译：造纸术
东汉（the Eastern Han Dynasty）年末，蔡伦的造纸术被广泛运用。到了公元3至5世纪的两晋时期（period of Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties）, 人们利用纸张写字，并由此发展出写在纸上的书法艺术（calligraphy）.中国的造纸术先后传到了越南、朝鲜、日本。公元7世纪左右，又传到了印度。造纸术还通过陆上丝绸之路（the Silk Road）传到了西亚、欧洲。欧洲的造纸业大致从公元12世纪开始，在这之前，欧洲人主要使用羊皮等来书写，据说书写一本《圣经》，需要三百多张羊皮，可见其昂贵程度。造纸业的兴盛，开创了人类文明的新纪元。
In the late of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun’s paper making technology broadly came into use. In the period of Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties (the 3rd to 5th century AD), people began to write on paper and calligraphy on paper was developed correspondingly. Chinese paper making technology was introduced to Vietnam, Korea and Japan, and around the 7th century. Before that, European mainly wrote on sheepskin. It is said a Bible needed more than 300 sheepskins, which was evidently expensive. The rise of papermaking industry started a new era of human civilization.
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六级汉译英翻译：科举考试
科举考试（Keju）是中国古代人才选拔的一种方式。由于采用分科目选举人才的办法，所以叫作科举。隋炀帝于公元605年开设进士科（the imperial examination system）,用考试办法来选拔人才，这标志着科举制度的形成，它把读书、考试和做官三者紧密结合起来，揭开了中国选举史上崭新的一页。唐朝承袭了隋朝的人才选拔制度，并做了进一步的完善。因此，科举制度逐渐完备起来。科举考试实行了1000多年，实践中逐渐形成的一些较好的制度，至今在我们的社会生活中发挥着作用。
Keju, or the imperial examination, was a means to select talents held in ancient China. It got its name since it adopted methods of selecting talents through a range of different subjects. In 605 AD, Emperor Sui Yangdi established the imperial examination system to select talents, which symbolized the officials closely, opening up a new page in the annals of China’s electoral system. Tang Dynasty followed the talent recruitment system of Sui Dynasty, and further improved. Consequently, the imperial examination system gradually became more and more perfect. In the over 1000 years implementation of the imperial examination, some good systems have been set up in practice, exerting a modern influence on our social life.
六级汉译英翻译：家庭观念
中国人重团员、重亲情、讲孝道（filial piety）,并强调家庭的和睦。中国人最期望的就是“家和万事兴”。当家庭中出现矛盾的时候，中国人最忌讳把这些矛盾暴露在外人面前，所以中国人常说“家丑不可外扬”。中国人在家庭中还特别重视父母、长辈的意见，“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前“正是在强调长辈的经验对于年轻人的指导作用。中国人还强调家庭教育对孩子人格形成的重要影响，常说”子不教，父之过“。
For Chinese people, the great important is attached to reunion, love, filial piety and the peaceful existence within the family. What they most expect is the family being in harmony and all affairs prospering. When there emerges a conflict in the family, it is a taboo for Chinese people to expose the problem to others. Therefore it is often said, “Wash your dirty linen at home.”In a Chinese family, the opinions of parents and the elders are greatly respected. It is often quoted, “Don?t listen to the old man, suffer in at the moment”, reflecting the elders ?guidance on the younger generation. And the emphasis is also given to child?s education on his or her character, which can be demonstrated by such a proverb as “Failing to educate the child is the fault of the father.”
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