例 2：The contract shall be written in Chinese and in ____________. Both language versions are equally
authentic. In the event of any discrepancy between the two aforementioned versions, the Chinese version
26 shall prevail.本合同应以中文和_文书就，具同等法律效力。前述两种文本如有歧异，以中文文本为准。
In question: under consideration; being talk about. 通常表示“在考虑或讨论中的”某件事或某个问题，可译为“这”或“该”问题。
例句：All prices to be paid by the Buyer under its obligations of the buyback/counter-purchase Contract
shall be the world market prices taking into account the other delivery terms for the goods in question.买方根据返销或回购货物合同的义务所支付的价格应为世界市场价格，结合考虑该货物的其他交货条件。
6. follows, as below, the following
这一族都表示“下列”，一般放在动词后，而 the following 作为“下列”在英文合同中用的较少。这
样的例子俯手皆是，恐怕每个英文合同都少不了的。
NOW THEREFORE, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows; 为此，双方达成契约，约定如下：
NOW THEREFORE, it is hereby agreed as below. 为此，双方约定如下：
Now therefore, in consideration of the premises（前提） and covenants described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree as follows: 兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因，订约双方协议如下：
7. according to, under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant to, in compliance with
这一族都表示“依照，根据”合同的约定或者法律的规定。其中尤以“according to”最不正式，自然
用的最少了，而“in accordance with”最为常见。
例如：In case no settlement can be reached, the case may then be submitted for arbitration to China International Economic And Trade
Arbitration Commission in accordance with the provisional Rules of
Procedures promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission.如未能达成和解，该案件可提交中国国际贸易仲裁委员会根据该仲裁委员会颁布的仲裁程序暂行规定进行仲裁。
又如：A Photostat copy of the Acceptance Certificate of the Contract Plant signed by the representatives of both parties as per Chapter 9 of the present Contract.该合同设备的验收证书的影印副本由双方代表按 照该合同第九章签收。
再如：Both Parties shall each contribute their paid in capital in compliance with the items specified in the appendix to the Contract.合同双方应按照本合同附件中载明的项目进行出资。
8. Including but not limited to 与 including, without limitation 以及 including by way of illustration
27but not limitation
英文合同表达“包括但不限于”时，就会用到这几个短语。
例如：The time for the performance of the Seller's obligations set forth in this Contract shall be automatically extended for a period equal to the duration of any nonperformance arising directly or indirectly from Force Majeure events including but not limited to fire, flood, earthquake, typhoon, natural catastrophe, and all other contingencies and circumstances whatsoever beyond the Seller's reasonable control preventing, hindering or interfering with the performance thereof. 本合同规定卖方履行义务的时间应自动延长等同于由于直接或间接由于不可抗力事件导致的不能履行的期间。不可抗力事件包括但不限于火灾、洪水、地震、台风、自然灾害和卖方无论怎样也无法合理控制的阻止、妨碍、干扰本合同履行的其他风险和情形。
9. prior to, no later than, on or before，on and after
常用在英文合同中限定日期，prior to 表示“某日之前，提前多少日”。on or before, no(not) later than,
表示“不迟于”，On and after 表示“从某日起”。
例如：Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any order sort to collect any account on and after September20. 自 9 月 2O 日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。
例如：Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1. 我公司的条件是，3 个月内，即不得晚于 5 月 1 日，支付现金。
例如： Party B shall ship（load） the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December.本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于 12 月 15 日，你方须将货物装船。
例如：10-15 days prior to the date of shipment, the Buyer shall inform the Seller by cable or telex of the
contract number, name of vessel, ETA of vessel, quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent, so
as to enable the Seller to contact the shipping agent direct and arrange the shipment of the goods.装运前
10 天到 15 天，买方应以电报或电传方式通知卖方合同编号、装运船名，预计到达时间，装载数量和承运代理商名称，以便能使卖方直接联系承运代理商安排货物装运。
此外，为限定时间更为明确，还常用 inclusive、including 和 included，来限定含当日在内的时间。
例如： This credit expires till January 1 (inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or:This credit expires till
and including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.) 本证在北京议付，有效期至 1 月 1 日。如果不包括
1 月 1 日在内，则为 till and not including January 1。
10． Without prejudice to Without prejudice to,常用于英文合同中，表示在“不损害某规定/情况下”。
例如：The Buyer shall nevertheless have the right to cancel in part or in whole of the contract without
prejudice to the Buyer's right to claim compensations. 不妨害买方索赔权，买方仍有权取消合同的部分或全部。
11．Attributable to, due to, owing to, by virtue of, in view of, because
of, on account of，considering, in consideration of
这一组短语出现在英文合同中都表示“因为”，其中 due to，owing to，because of 较不正式，很少使用。
例如：Should the Buyer be unable to arrange insurance in time owing to the Seller's failure to give the above-mentioned advice of shipment by cable or telex, the Seller shall be held responsible for any and all damages and/or losses attributable to such failure.
如果因为卖方未能以电报或电传形式发出上述装运通知，买方不能及时安排保险，则卖方应对此产生的损失和或损害赔偿承担责任。
例如：Licensee hereby agrees that its every use of such name shall inure to the benefit of Licensor and that Licensee shall not at any time acquire any rights in such name by virtue of any use it may make of such name.
被许可方特此同意该名称的使用应有利于许可方利益且不得在任何时候因利用该名称而取得该名称项下任何权利。
例如：Buyer shall have the right to inspect the goods on arrival and, within _______
business days after delivery, buyer must give notice to seller of any claim for damages on account of
condition, quality or grade of the goods, and buyer must specify the basis of the claim of buyer in detail.
买方应有权在货物运抵及交付后*个营业日内进行检验，买方须通知卖方任何基于货物条件、品质、
等级而产生的索赔，并详细说明索赔事由。
例如：In view of the personal nature of the services to be performed under this Agreement by you, you cannot assign or transfer any of your obligations under this Agreement.
考虑到本协议项下待你方履行的服务有人身性质，你方不能转让本协议项下你方的任何义务。
IN CONSIDERATION OF 以……为约因/报酬 约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一，没有则合同不能依法强制履行。但是，大陆法系的合同 则无此规定。
例如：Now, Therefore, in consideration of the mutual premises and covenants herein contained, it is hereby
agreed: 兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因，订约双方协议如下：
In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with Party A to complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract.
乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建设，以取得甲方所付的报酬。
12． In lieu of： 一般出现在英文合同中表示“替代”的意思相当于基础英语中的 in place of, instead of.
29例句：In circumstance provided above in Clause 14.1， Party C or New Company shall, at its sole option and discretion, be entitled to transfer to Party B all or part of Party C or New Company’s proprietary rights and ownership of the infrastructure project, under construction or after Completion Date, as liquidated damages, in lieu of computing and compensating the actual damages provided that such transfer shall be conducted of Party C’s own free will or rendered in the arbitration award as stipulated in clause 23. 在上述第十四条第一款规定的情形下，丙方或新公司自行选择决断有权向乙方转让丙方或新公司的所有权及在建或竣工后基础设施的所有权的全部或部分作为约定的固定数额的违约金来替代计算赔偿实际损害，但该转让应为丙方自己自愿实施的行为或根据二十三条的规定基于仲裁裁决的处分。
13． In respect of；in respect thereof；with respect to：as regards 涉及，至于，在…方面
英文合同中常用 in respect of, in respect thereof 或 with respect to, 表示与本合同/协议/条款有关的问题，比 about, concerning, as regards 正式。
例如：Notwithstanding Clause 16.1, Party B shall not be entitled to claim for itself in respect of any Force Majeure in Clause 16.1.
不管 16 条第一款的规定，乙方无权根据 16 条第一款为其自身提出有关不可抗力的索赔。
例如：Upon the termination of the Existing Letter of Credit and the payment of all amounts (if any) owing in respect thereof, Bank Boston, N.A. shall cease to be an Issuing Bank hereunder.
现有信用证一经期满所有相关应付款项支付（如果有的话）即告终止，北美波士