学校代码： 10128 学 号： 200820304066
本科毕业设计说明书
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题 目：某高校建设项目地表水环境影响评价 学生姓名：李春林
学 院：能源与动力工程学院 系 别：环境科学与工程系 专 业：环境科学 班 级：环科08-2 指导教师：曹英楠 讲师/硕士
二 〇 一 二 年 六 月
摘 要
本设计主要是针对内蒙古工业大学基础设施建设项目的地表水环境进行评价，通过识别环境影响因素，根据建设项目的具体情况对地表水评价因子进行了筛选，确定了评价标准。通过《环境影响评价技术导则 地面水环境》中的相关原则确定了评价工作等级及评价范围，在评价范围内找出了环境保护目标；通过分析和查阅相关资料，并进行现场调查，了解了本建设项目周围的自然环境、社会环境等环境概况以及建设项目的工程概况、项目规模、建设内容、公用工程等建设项目概况；对项目施工期和运行期分别进行了水污染源调查，其中对施工期的水污染源进行了定性分析，对运行期的水污染源分别进行了定量分析，给出了主要污染物质的排放量、排放浓度；对建设项目所在地的地表水环境质量现状进行了调查监测，并做出了评价；对建设项目施工期和运行期地表水环境影响进行了预测与评价，做出了评价小结；从技术、经济角度提出了可避免或减少污染物对地表水环境所造成的影响的环保措施；从环境保护角度对地表水污染源分析、地表水环境质量现状、地表水环境影响预测分析、环保措施等作出了明确的结论，得出从环保角度分析项目可行的综合结论，从而提出了避免或减轻水环境污染的可行的防治对策和措施。
关键词：地表水环境； 监测； 评价；预测；环保措施
Abstract
The paper focuses on the evaluation on the surface water of construction project. According to environmental factors and specific situation of the construction project, the paper selects proper evaluation factors and determines the evaluation standards. Referring to 《Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment ——Surface Water Environment》, the evaluation level and scope are confirmed and the environment protection targets could be easy found out. After data analysis and field surveying, we have a thorough understanding about the surrounding natural environment and social
environment of the construction project, and the description such as the project scale， the construction contents and so on. We make a survey about water pollution sources during construction and operation，then qualitative analysis of water pollution sources during construction and quantitative analysis of water pollution sources during operation were done, the emissions and emitting concentration of main pollution could be obtained. Then we make a survey monitoring about the surface water environment quality of the project and gets the evaluation. And make a prediction and evaluation about surface water environment quality during construction and operation. From the points of technology and cost， the paper puts forward some environmental protection measures to avoid or decrease the negative influence which pollutants bring to the surface water environment.Then from the point of environmental protection， the paper makes a conclusion about the pollution sources， surface water environment quality，the forecast of surface water influence and environmental protection measures.At last the paper draws a comprehensive conclusion that the project is feasible from environmental protection，providing references for administration to make decisions and environmental management.
Key words: Surface water environment; Monitoring; Evaluation; Prediction; Environmental protection measures
目录
引 言 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 第一章 总论 ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.1环境影响评价项目的由来 ..................................................................................... 2 1.2编制环境影响评价的目的和原则 ......................................................................... 2 1.3 编制依据 ................................................................................................................ 3
1.3.1 法律法规 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 相关规划 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3.3 技术导则及规范 ......................................................................................... 3 1.4地表水评价因子筛选 ............................................................................................. 3
1.4.1环境影响因素识别 ...................................................................................... 3 1.4.2地表水评价因子筛选 .................................................................................. 4 1.5地表水评价标准 ..................................................................................................... 4 1.6评价等级 ................................................................................................................. 5 1.7评价范围 ................................................................................................................. 5 1.8环境保护目标 ......................................................................................................... 6 第二章 建设项目概况 ........................................................................................................... 7
2.1工程概况 ................................................................................................................. 7 2.2项目规模 ................................................................................................................. 7 2.3建设内容 ................................................................................................................. 7 2.4项目总体布局 ......................................................................................................... 7 2.5交通 ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.6公用工程 ................................................................................................................. 9
2.6.1给排水工程 .................................................................................................. 9 2.6.2供电 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.6.3供热供暖 .................................................................................................... 10 2.6.4供气 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.6.5通风 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.6.6消防系统 .................................................................................................... 10
2.6.7煤场、渣场 ................................................................................................ 11
第三章 建设项目周围环境概况 .......................................................................................... 12
3.1自然环境 ............................................................................................................... 12
3.1.1地理位置 .................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2地形地貌 .................................................................................................... 12 3.1.3气候特征 .................................................................................................... 12 3.1.4水文地质条件 ............................................................................................ 13 3.1.5地表水 ........................................................................................................ 13 3.1.6土壤、植被 ................................................................................................ 13 3.2社会环境 ............................................................................................................... 14
3.2.1行政区划和人口 ........................................................................................ 14 3.2.2经济概况 .................................................................................................... 14 3.2.3交通运输 .................................................................................................... 14 3.2.4文教卫生 .................................................................................................... 15
第四章 水污染源调查与评价 ........................................................................................... 16
4.1水污染源调查的目的 ........................................................................................... 16 4.2污染源调查的原则 ............................................................................................... 16 4.3施工期污染源调查 ............................................................................................... 16
4.3.1施工期地表水污染源强分析 .................................................................... 16 4.3.2施工期地表水污染源调查结论 ................................................................ 17 4.4运行期水污染源调查 ........................................................................................... 17
4.4.1学校人数及人流量调查 ............................................................................ 17 4.4.2用水量调查 ................................................................................................ 17 4.4.3污水排放量调查 ........................................................................................ 18 4.4.4污水中污染物排放情况调查 .................................................................... 18 4.4.5排水方式及污水出路 ................................................................................ 18 4.5地表水污染源评价 ............................................................................................... 19
4.5.1污染源评价方法 ........................................................................................ 19 4.5.2主要污染物的确定。 ................................................................................ 20
第五章 地表水环境质量现状调查评价 ........................................................................... 21