小刀架安装在横拖板上，它可以在水平面内转动或夹紧在任意角度位置。小刀架主要用来倒角和加工锥面，在车削螺纹时也必须用到小刀架。小刀架只能手动进给，没有动力传到小刀架上。刀具和刀夹被卡紧在直接安装在小刀架上的刀座上。 幻灯片34
5.2 Turning and Lathe
The tool saddle is an H shaped casting mounted on the top of the guideways and houses the cross slide and compound rest. It makes possible longitudinal, cross and angular feeding of the tool bit. ? 刀架鞍板是一个安装在导轨上部的H形铸件，容纳有横拖板和小刀架。它可以实现刀尖的纵向、横向和斜向进给。
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5.2 Turning and Lathe
The apron is attached to the front of the carriage and contains the gears and feed clutches which transmit motion from the feed rod or lead screw to carriage and cross slide. When cutting screw threads, power is provided to the gearbox of the apron by the lead screw. In all other turning operations, it is the feed rod that drives the carriage. ? 溜板箱位于拖板的前端，里面装有齿轮和将运动从光杠或丝杠传递至拖板或横向拖板的进给离合器。当切制螺纹时，动力通过丝杠传递到溜板箱中的变速齿轮箱。在其它车削加工时，依靠光杠
来驱动拖板。
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5.2 Turning and Lathe
? Tailstock is composed of a low base and the movable part of the tail-stock proper, the transverse adjustments being made with a cross screw furnished with a square head. The two parts are hold together by the holding-down bolts which secure the tailstock to the bed.
? transverse adj. 横向的，横切的； n. 横轴 ? holding-down bolts 压紧螺栓
? 尾座由底座和尾座体的可移动部件组成。课移动部件的横向调整有带有四方头的横向丝杠来完成。底座和可移动部分通过压紧螺栓连接在一起并将尾座固定在床身上。
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5.2 Turning and Lathe
? The tailstock is located on the opposite end of the lathe from the headstock. It supports one end of the work when machining between centers, supports long pieces held in the chuck, and holds various forms of cutting tools, such as drills, reamers, and taps.
? reamer n.铰刀 ? tap n.丝锥；v.攻丝
? 尾座位于机床上和主轴箱相反的另一端。当采用两端顶尖加工时，尾座支撑工件的一端，以支撑在卡盘中的长形零件。另外尾座还可以夹持各种刀具，如钻头、铰刀和丝锥等。
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5.3 Milling and Milling Machine
幻灯片39 Definition Milling is the process of cutting away material by feeding a workpiece past a rotating multiple tooth cutter. Type of Milling Operation ? Peripheral Milling ? Face Milling ? End Milling Classification of Milling Machine ? vertical milling machine ? horizontal milling machine Function of the Basic Components ? Column ? Knee ? Saddle ? Worktable ? Head ? Overarm
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5.3 Milling and Milling Machine
铣削方式 幻灯片41
5.3 Milling and Milling Machine
? Peripheral Milling
? The milled face is generated by teeth located on periphery of the cutter body. The axis of cutter rotation is generally in a plane parallel to the workpiece surface to be machined (shown in Fig.5.2a). ? Face Milling
? The cutter is mounted on a spindle have an axis of rotation perpendicular to the workpiece surface. ? End Milling
peripheral [p??rif?r?l] a.圆周的；外面的；次要的
perpendicular [,p?:p?n'd?kj?l?] a.垂直的 n.垂直线，垂直度 幻灯片42
? THE BASIC COMPONENTS: ? 立柱 ? 升降台 ? 床鞍 ? 工作台 ? 主轴头
横梁
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5.3 Milling and Milling Machine
? Column
? An oil reservoir and pump in the column keep the spindle lubricated. The column rests on a base that contains a coolant reservoir and a pump that can be used when performing any machining operation that required a coolant. ? reservoir n.油箱，容器 ； ? lubricate vt. 使滑润 ? coolant n.冷却剂，冷却液 rest on 被支撑在；依赖,依据
立柱中的油箱和油泵对主轴起润滑作用。立柱安装在底座上面，底座有一个冷却油箱和油泵，当加工过程中需要用冷却液时使用。 幻灯片44
5.3 Milling and Milling Machine