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35 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them? A They lost interest in people.
B They became less aggressive towards other creatures. C They started eating more.
D Other animals started working with them. 答案：A
职业培训教育网名师解析：最后一段 As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals’ curiosity — or their sudden aggression.獾在习惯人的存在之后兴趣就不那么浓厚了。
第二篇
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals (哺乳动物)the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes (染色体).With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It Is a method of identification that compares bits of DNA. A DNA fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such as hair, blood, or saliva (唾液).The sample is then segmented using enzymes (酶)，and the segments are arranged by size. The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film, where they form a pattern of black bars — the DNA fingerprint. If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match, the two samples probably came from the same person.
DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985. Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases, it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs. The first criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988. In criminal Investigations, DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA fingerprints of suspects. Generally, courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test results into evidence. However, DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas：the accuracy of the results, the cost of testing, and the possible misuse of the technique.
The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First, because DNA segments rather than complete DNA strands are “fingerprinted”; a DNA fingerprint may not be unique; large-scale research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting test results has not been conducted, in addition, DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and quality controls. Also, since human beings must interpret the test, human error could lead to false results.
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DNA fingerprinting is expensive. Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA fingerprint database.
36 If two sisters are identical twins, their complete DNAs are _______ , A the same B unique C different D similar 答案：A
职业培训教育网名师解析：文中第一段最后一句话提到 “With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique”，说明除了双胞胎这个特殊情况外，每个人的完整DNA都是独一无二的，所以答案是A。
37 DNA fingerprinting is a technique of_______. A grouping DNA strands into structures B segmenting DNA with probes
C identifying a person by comparing DNAs D constructing body tissues by enzymes 答案：C
职业培训教育网名师解析：文中第二段第二句话提到 “It is a method of identification that compares bits of DNA”， 说明DNA指纹识别是一种通过比较DNA片段来进行识别鉴定的方法，所以答案是C。
38 DNA fingerprinting was first used in _______ . A criminal investigation B genetic disease detection C animal reproduction D private laboratories 答案：B
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正保远程教育（美国纽交所上市公司 代码：DL）
职业培训教育网名师解析：文中第三段第二句话提到 “Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases，it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs”，说明指纹识别技术最初是被用来探测基因疾病的存在，所以答案是B。
39 People question the reliability of DNA fingerprinting for_______ . A its complex procedure B its large scale research C its uniform testing standards
D the subjective interpretation of test results 答案：D
职业培训教育网名师解析：文中第四段最后一句提到“Also, since human beings must interpret the test, human error could lead to false results”，说明因为人类必须要对测试做出解释，所以人为的失误也会导致错误的结果，所以D正确。
40 It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that DNA fingerprinting_______ . A is costly to the police B could be a social issue
C is the only way to prove innocence D has been a profitable business 答案：B
职业培训教育网名师解析：第五段讲DNA指纹识别技术很昂贵。嫌疑犯如果能够把他们的DNA提供给专家， 也不一定能就基于DNA证据的指控成功地为自己辩护，由此可以推断出这有可能成为一个社会问题。
第三篇
Why Don’t Babies Talk Like Adults?
Over the past half-century, scientists have settled on two reasonable theories related to babytalk. One states that a young child’s brain needs time to master language, in the same way that it does to master other abilities such as physical movement. The second theory states that a child’s vocabulary level is the key factor. According to this theory, some key steps have to occur in a logical sequence before sentence formation occurs. Children's mathematical knowledge develops in the same way.
In 2007, researchers at Harvard University, who were studying the two theories, found a clever way to test them. More than 20，000 Internationally adopted children enter the U. S.each year. Many of them no longer hear
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their birth language after they arrive, and they must learn English more or less the same way infants do — that is, by listening and by trial and error. International adoptees don’t take classes or use a dictionary when they are, learning their new tongue and most of them don't have a well-developed first language. All of these factors make them an ideal population in which to test these competing hypotheses about how language is learned.
Neuroscientists Jesse Snedeker, Joy Geren and Carissa Shafto studied the language development of 27 children adopted from China between the ages of two and five years. These children began learning English at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains with which to tackle the task. Even so, just as with American-born infants, their first English sentences consisted of single words and were largely bereft (缺乏的)of function words, word endings and verbs. The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American-born children, though at a faster clip. The adoptees and native children started combining words in sentences when their vocabulary reached the same sizes, further suggesting that what matters is not how old you are or how mature your brain is, but the number of words you know.
This finding — that having more mature brains did not help the adoptees avoid the toddler-talk stage — suggests that babies speak in babytalk not because they have baby brains, but because they have only just started learning and need time to gain enough vocabulary to be able to expand their conversations. Before long, the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on. Learning how to chat like an adult is a gradual process.
But this potential answer also raises an even older and more difficult question. Adult immigrants who learn a second language rarely achieve the same proficiency in a foreign language as the average child raised as a native speaker. Researchers have long suspected there is a “critical period” for language development, after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency. Yet we still do not understand this critical period or know why it ends.
41 What is the writer’s main purpose in Paragraph 2?
A To give reasons why adopted children were used in the study. B To reject the view that adopted children need two languages, C To argue that culture affects the way children learn a language. D To justify a particular approach to language learning. 答案：A
职业培训教育网名师解析：第二段的主题句是 “All of these factors make them an ideal population in which to test these competing hypotheses about how language is learned”，其他各句都是对这些使他们成为被测试理想人群的因素的说明，所以本段是为了介绍为什么这项研究要釆用这些孩子的原因。答案是A。
42 Snedeker, Geren and Shafto based their study on children who A were finding it difficult to learn English
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B had come from a number of language backgrounds C were learning English at a later age than US children D had taken English lessons in China 答案：C
职业培训教育网名师解析：第三段提到 “These children began learning English at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains with which to tackle the task”，说明这些孩子比美国本土的孩子学英语要晚，但有着更成熟的处理问题的头脑，所以答案是C。
43 What aspect of the adopted children’s language development differed from that of US -born children? A Their first words.
B The way they learnt English.
C The rate at which they acquired language.
D The point at which they started producing sentences. 答案：C
职业培训教育网名师解析：文中第三段提到 “The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American- bom children，though at a faster clip”，说明被选做测试的这些孩子与典型的美国本土出生的孩子经历着相同的语言学习阶段，但是是以更快的速度在学习，所以答案是C。
44 What does the Harvard finding show? A Not all toddlers use babytalk.
B Language learning takes place in ordered steps. C Some children need more conversation than others. D Not all brains work in the same way. 答案：B
职业培训教育网名师解析：文章第三段提到，虽然中国的孩子比美国的孩子更晚些学英语，但是他们和美国孩子经历了同样的阶段，他们说出的第一个英语句子都是由单一的单同组成，缺少功能词、 同尾和动由此可见，语言学习按照一定的顺序发生，所以答案是B。
45 When the writer says “critical period” , he means a period when A studies produce useful results B adults need to be taught like children C immigrants want to learn another language
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