北方民族大学 学士学位论文
论文题目: 杜鲁门主义与英美特殊关系的形成
院(部)名 称: 文史学院 学 生 姓 名: 陈 睿 专 业: 历史学 学 号: 20061890 指导教师姓名: 段西宁 教授 论文提交时间: 2010年5月24日 论文答辩时间: 2010年5月28日 学位授予时间:
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北方民族大学学士学位论文
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北方民族大学学士学位论文
摘 要
二战后期，杜鲁门政府开始掌管美国政权。随着同盟国一方逐渐掌握战争的主动权，各大国开始重新构想战后的国际新秩序。罗斯福的睦邻政策对美影响深远，杜鲁门政府成立初期对英建立英美特殊关系的构想反映冷淡。二战以反法西斯国家的胜利而告终，人们渴望和平，但苏联执行大国扩张主义，支持东欧国家建立共产党政府，并向伊朗、土耳其施加压力，表现出蠢蠢欲动之势。美国继续维护雅尔塔体系感到困难重重。
1946年，英国利用希土危机引导美国发动冷战；乔治?凯南的 “长电报”为英美特殊关系奠定了理论基础。丘吉尔富尔顿演说正式提出建立英美特殊关系；杜鲁门主义、马歇尔计划、北约组织成立分别在政治上、经济上、军事上促进了英美特殊关系迅速发展。
为什么会形成特殊关系呢？同源文化、共同的利益取向和英美两国领导人在处理外交事务时维护自身利益是其基础。这种英美特殊关系既使英国维护了它的大国利益，也使美国更好的在欧洲乃至世界贯彻执行了自己的战略意图，即使有时两国有些矛盾和摩擦也被抵消掉了。英美特殊关系成为解释相互依赖理论极其合适的模本。
[关键词]：杜鲁门主义，英美特殊关系，冷战
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北方民族大学学士学位论文
Truman Doctrine and The Formation of The U. S.-Anglo
Special Relationship
Chenrui
（School of Art and History，North University of Ethnic ，Yinchuan，
Ningxia，750021）
ABSTRACT
During the post-world war II, the Truman administration began to charge the United States government. With the Allied side grasping the initiative of the war, the world major countries began to re-vision a new international after-war order.Due to the far-reaching implications of Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy to the U.S. ,the Truman administration luckwarmly responsed to establish the special relationship which is the British idea. World War II ended with the Allied victory, the people suffer the ravages of war and extreme desire for peace. Expansionist Soviet Union with the implementation of major powers support Eastern Europe countries to found the communist government ,meanwhile she put pressure on Iran and Turkey. It is difficult to the United States to continue maintaining the Yalta system.
1946 American-Soviet conflict and other countries around the convergence of unprecedented tension in international relations. Greek-Turkish crisis, the British used to guide the United States launched the Cold War. George Kennan, \special relationship theory. Churchill's Fulton speech, formally proposed the establishment of the special relationship. Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, NATO was established at the policy, economic, military, promoted the rapid development of Anglo-American special relationship. On the Basis of homology and the common interests and cultural orientation to the special relationship, the two leaders become actively to promote the two countries in dealing with foreign affairs, the principle of doing things naturally followed. This interdependent system of international relations to the United Kingdom to maintain its power, while U.S. benefit from a better implementation of its policies and strategies in Europe even in the whole world. Occasional contradictions and frictions are also offset by the benefits of such lost. Anglo-American special relationship as this very suitable model explains the interdependence theory .
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北方民族大学学士学位论文
[Key words]: Truman’s Doctrine；the U. S.-Anglo Special Relationship；Cold War；
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