③ He jumped over the brook. 他跳过了那条小溪。
26. It was built with stones and bricks a long time ago to protect the northern border of the country.
它(长城)是在很久以前用石头、砖砌成的，用来保护北方边境。
★protect意为“保护”，常与介词from连用，表示“保护??免遭??”。如: ① He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun. 他戴着墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光刺激。
② Put on a thicker coat to protect yourself from the cold. 穿件厚点的外衣以免冻着。
③ The eyelashes protect the eyes from dust and dirt. 眼睫毛保护眼睛不让尘埃和脏物进去。
④ You’d better use an umbrella to protect yourself from the rain. 你最好打开雨伞以免挨雨淋。
★protect也可与against连用，通常是指抵御侵略或自然灾害等大范围的保护。如: ① The tea plants must be protected against frost in winter. 必须保护茶树在冬季不受霜冻。
② A line of forts was built along the border to protect the country against foreign attack. 沿边境修筑了一系列的堡垒以抵御外国的攻击。
27. It is one of the wonders of the world. 它是世界奇迹之一。 ★wonder用作可数名词，意为“奇迹”“奇观”“奇事”。如:
① Television is one of the wonders of modern science. 电视是现代科学奇迹之一。 ② What are the seven wonders of the world? 世界上有哪七大奇迹?
③ It is a wonder that he survived the plane crash. 飞机失事，他保住了性命，真是奇迹。
★wonder用作动词，表示“想知道”“对??感到吃惊”的意思。如: ① I wonder whether you would mind helping me for a few minutes. 不知你是否能帮我一会儿忙。
② I wonder what he’s doing now. 我心里想他此刻在做什么呢?
③ How did it get there, I wonder? 它怎么会到那儿去的呢，我感到奇怪。
④ The fact that she left home is not to be wondered at. 她离家出走是不足为怪的。 ⑤ I wonder at your allowing him to do such a thing. 我对你允许他做出这样的事感到奇怪。
⑥ Can you wonder at it, isn’t it natural, to be expected? 你对它感到惊奇吗?它不是很自然料想到的吗?
★“wonder if/whether +从句”意为“想知道??是否??”，是一种委婉客气地提出请求的交际用语。如:
① We wondered if they could come here on time. 我们很想知道他们是否能够按时赶到这里。
② I wonder if/whether she has receive our telegram. 我不知道她是否收到了我们的电报。
③ I wonder if you could tell me how to get to the theatre. 我不知道你能否告诉我怎样去剧院。 28. You can experience its beauty and greatness through climbing it step by step. 通过一步一步地向上爬，你能体验到它的美丽和雄伟壮观。
★experience用作动词，意为“体验”“经历”。如: ① He experienced many difficulties. 他经历了许多困难。 ② Our country has experienced great changes in the last 30 years. 在过去三十年里，我们国家经历了巨大的变化。
③ Some of the students had experienced what hardships meant before they entered the university.
有些大学生在进入大学之前体验过艰苦的生活。 ④ I don’t think I’ve ever experienced real depression. 我认为我从未体验过真正的情绪低落。
★experience用作不可数名词，意为“经验”，指由经验获得的知识或技术。如: ① We all learn by experience. 我们都从经验中学习。
② Has he had much experience of work of this sort? 他对这种工作有很多经验吗? ③ He hasn’t had enough experience for the job. 他没有足够的经验担当这份工作。 ④ He is short of experience. 他缺乏经验。
★experience用作可数名词，意为“经历”“阅历”。如: ① I had some interesting experiences in the countryside. 我在农村有过一些很有意思的经历。
② A man of your experience ought to do well. 一个有你这样的阅历的人是应当发迹的。
★experienced用作形容词，意为“有经验的”“有阅历的”“熟练的”。如: ① He is much experienced in teaching. 他有丰富的教学经验。
② His mother is an experienced nurse. 他的母亲是个有经验的护士。 ③ They are quite experienced in teaching beginners. 他们在教初学者方面很有经验。 29. You can experience its beauty and greatness through climbing it step by step. 沿着长城，拾级而上，你会逐渐领略到长城的瑰丽、雄伟。 ★step by step意为“逐渐地“，相当于little by little。如:
① Step by step, they were getting to the top. 他们一步一步地接近山顶。 ② A foreign language cannot be learned rapidly, it must be learned step by step. 学外语不能急，只能按部步班地学。
③ The cost of living is increasing step by step. 生活开支正慢慢地在提高。 ④ Step by step he learned the rules of the game. 他逐渐学会了比赛规则。 ⑤ She learnt to speak English step by step. 她逐渐学会说英语了。 ★类似于step by step结构的短语还有side by side(肩并肩)，hand in hand(手拉手)，face to face(面对面)，heart to heart(心连心)，neck and neck(齐头并进，并驾齐驱)等。但是，这种结构中的名词前面不用冠词或其他修饰词。如: ① They walked side by side. 他们肩并肩地走着。
② They walked away hand in hand. 他们手拉手地离开了。 ③ He sat face to face with me. 他和我面对面地坐着。
④ We had a heart to heart talk and pointed out one another’s shortcomings. 我们谈了心并指出了彼此的缺点。
⑤ The horses were running neck and neck. 这些马跑得不分上下。
30. It lies on the two sides of the River Li. 它(桂林)座落于漓江两边。 ★lie用作动词，意为“位于”“坐落于”，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain。如:
① The village lies to the north of the city. 这个村子位于城市的北边。 ② Ireland lies to the west of England. 爱尔兰位于英格兰之西。 ③ Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 ④ Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。 ★lie用作动词，可表示“呈??状态”“置于”。如:
① The ship has lain at the bottom of the harbor for two hundred years. 那条船在港口的水底已经二百年了。
② He lay awake for the whole night, worrying about his lost child. 整个晚上他躺着没有睡觉，在担心他失踪的儿子。
③ The book lay open on the desk. 这本书摊开着放在桌子上。
★lie用作动词，意为“撒谎”，其过去式和过去分词都为lied，后可以接to sb.表示“对某人撒谎”。如:
① I can tell, from your face, you are lying to me. 我可以从你的表情看得出你在对我撒谎。 ② You’re lying again! 你又在撒谎了!
③ Don’t believe her because she always lies. 别信她，因为她总是说谎。
★lie用作动词，意为“躺”“卧”时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain，后面通常要跟介词短语或副词。如:
① He was lying in the shade of the tree. 他正躺在树荫下。 ② The boys have lain under the trees for hours. 那些男孩子们已经在树下躺了几个小时了。
③ Don’t lie in the sun for too long. 不要在阳光下躺得太久了。 ④ The boy lay on the sofa. 那男孩躺在沙发上。 ★lie in意为“在于”。如:
① The trouble lies in the engine. 问题出在引擎上。
② His success lies in his hard work. 他的成功在于勤奋的工作。 ★lie down意为“躺下休息”。如:
① I’ll go and lie down for a while. 我去躺一会儿。
② If you feel tired, you may lie down and sleep for a while. 你觉得累就躺下睡一会儿。 ③ My head is spinning, so I must lie down. 我脑袋天旋地转，得躺下来休息休息。
31. In this underground cave, there are lots of colourful rocks with strange shapes.
这个地下溶洞里，有许多色彩斑斓、姿态各异的岩石。
★colourful是形容词，是“颜色鲜艳的”“五彩缤纷的”意思。如: ① The male birds are more colourful than the females. 这种鸟的雄性比雌性更加色彩艳丽。
② Look at these flowers. They are very colourful. 瞧这些花，都很鲜艳。 ③ You can see colourful shop windows here and there. 你到处可以看到五彩缤纷的商店橱窗。
★colourful作形容词，还有“生动的”“丰富多彩的”意思。如:
① He often told us his colourful history. 他常给我们讲他的丰富多彩的历史。 ② Did they know the colourful past of the city. 他们知道这个城市丰富多彩的过去吗?
③ The old man’s colourful career made us think he was quite brave.
老人丰富的经历使我们认为他是个非常勇敢的人。
★colour/color是名词，作“色彩”“彩色”解时为不可数名词，作“颜色”解时为可数名词。如:
① This kind of insect can change colour. 这种昆虫会变色。
② They bought a new colour television last month. 上个月他们买了一台新彩电。 ③ All the pictures in this book are in colour. 这本书里的图画都是彩色的。 ④ Can I get this dress in other colours? 这衣服还有其他颜色的吗? ★colour用作动词，意为“着色”“给??着色(染色)”。如: ① He coloured the wall white. 他把墙涂成白色。
② His younger sister is colouring a picture. 他的妹妹正在给一幅画涂上颜色。 ③ She doesn’t like colouring her hair. 她不喜欢染发。
32. It is great fun to cycle around Guilin! 周游桂林真是充满乐趣。
★fun常用不可数名词，意为“乐趣”“玩笑”“娱乐”“有趣的人或事”。如: ① What fun we had! 我们玩得真开心(或多么有趣)呀!
② I wasn’t serious; I only did it for fun. 我不是当真的，我只不过是闹着玩。 ③ Swimming in the sea is great/good fun. 在海里游泳很好玩。 ④ You’re sure to have (much) fun at the party tonight. 你在今晚的聚会上一定玩得很开心。
⑤ Sailing a boat is great fun. 驾驶帆船很有趣。 ⑥ He’s great fun. We are all found of being with him. 他是个有趣的人。我们都喜欢和他在一起。
★for/in fun意为“开玩笑的”“闹着玩的”“非认真的”。make fun of的意思为“取笑”“开??的玩笑”。如:
① He said it only for/in fun. 他只是说着玩的。 ② I wrote it just for/in fun. 我只是写着玩玩的。
③ It’s not good to make fun of the old. 取笑老人是不好的。 ④ The kids at school always make fun of Bill’s clothes. 学校里的那些孩子老是取笑比尔的衣服。
★funny用作形容词，意为“滑稽的”“可笑的”“稀奇古怪的”“意想不到的”“难以解释清楚的”。如:
① Don’t you think it a little funny? 难道你不认为那有点滑稽吗? ② The kids are all making fun of little Tom’s funny hat today. 孩子们都在取笑小汤姆今天戴的那顶滑稽的帽子。
③ It’s funny that she left so suddenly. 她这么突然离去，真奇怪。 ④ He’s a funny sort of person. 他是个难以理解的人。 33. You can hire a bicycle from the bus station and ride around Guilin very safely. 你可以在汽车车站那里租辆自行车，然后非常安全地骑着游览桂林。 ★hire用作动词，意为“租用”“租借”。如:
① Where did you hire the video? 这录像带你是在哪里租的?
② I am new here, I want to hire a room to live in. 我是新来的，想租个房间住下来。 ③ I will have to hire a suit for my wedding. 我得去租套礼服在婚礼上穿。 ④ They hired a boat for an evening. 他们雇了条船用了一晚上。
【注】hire和rent都可意为“租用”，但表示短期租用东西用hire，表示长期租用东西用rent。
★hire用作动词，意为“聘用”“录用”“雇佣(包括临时雇佣)”。如: ① She was hired ten years ago. 她是十年前被录用的。 ② He does the hiring and firing in our company. 他在我们公司里负责员工的录用和辞退。
③ His mother hired a lawyer for him. 他母亲为他临时雇佣了一名律师。 ④ The company hired a young man to design the new system. 公司雇佣了一名年轻人来设计新的系统。
【注】在美国英语中，雇人用hire，但在英国英语中，只为某种用途而非长期雇用才用hire，否则则用appoint。
★hire用作名词，意为“租赁”“租借”“租用”“出租”“受雇”“租金”“工钱”。如:
① All the bikes are for hire. 这些自行车是供租用的。
② Excuse me, where can I find a hire car? 请问，哪里有可供租用的汽车? ③ All the taxis belong to a car hire firm. 所有这些出租车属于出租车公司。 ④ The costumes are on hire from the local shop. 服装可以向当地的商店租。 34. a line dividing two countries一条把两国分开的线
★divide用作动词，意为“分开”“分散”“分割”“把??分成(若干部分)”。如: ① The cells began to divide rapidly. 细胞开始迅速分裂。
② Jack divided up the rest of the cash. 杰克把余下的现金分了。 ③ We divided the work between us. 我们共同分担了这项工作。 ④ He divided his energies between his study and sports. 他把精力一部分用在学习上，一部分用在运动上。
★divide A from B，可以用“使A和B分离”“使A和B分开”解。如: ① We mustn’t divide the child from his mother. 我们不能使母子分离。
② The channel divides the island of Taiwan from the mainland, but it is still the land of China.
海峡把台湾岛和大陆分离了，但是她仍然是中国的领土。
★be divided into是一个被动语态的结构，解释成“划分为”“分为”。如: ① In English sentences can be divided into three types. 在英语中句子可以分成三种类型。
② Verbs can be divided into four kinds. 动词可以分成四种。
35. We can see the beautiful design there and learn more about the life of the Chinese emperors in the past.
在那里，我们可以看到漂亮的(建筑)设计，充分了解过去中国皇帝们的生活状况。 ★design用作名词，解释为“设计”“图样”“图案”“草图”“图纸”等。如: ① The unique design of the machine prevents it from overheating. 这台机器独特的设计可防止温度过高。
② She has her own design studio in the college. 在学院里，她有自己的设计室。 ③ He could cut a design on metal. 他能够在金属上刻图案。
④ The tiles come in a huge range of colours and design. 瓷砖有各种各样的颜色和图案。 ⑤ Can you give some pieces of design paper to her? 你能够给她几张制图纸吗? ★design用作名词，还有“意图”“企图”的意思。如:
① Did it happen by design or accident? 这件事情的发生是计划好了的还是偶然的? ② He had a design on it. 他对此事有野心。