expand farming is limited. But the potential for food waste curbs to reduce emissions should be given more attention.
The researchers found that while global average food demand per person remains almost constant, in the last five decades food availability has rapidly increased — hiking the emissions related to growing surplus food by more than 300%.
The researchers did not look at how food waste could be shrunk, but initiatives to tackle the problem are already on the rise in both developed and developing countries. In January, for example, 30 company heads, government ministers, and executives with foundations, research groups and charities launched a coalition to work towards cutting food waste by half and reducing food loss significantly by 2030.
The aims are in line with the new global development goals that took effect this year.
“Champions 12.3” — named after the food-waste goal number — includes the bosses of Tesco, Nestle, Rabobank, Unilever, Oxfam America, WWF International and the Rockefeller Foundation.
Andrew Steer, another coalition member who heads the World Resources Institute, noted then that if food loss and waste were a country, it would be the third largest greenhouse gas emitter in the world.
“Food loss and waste hurts people, costs money and harms the planet,” he said in a statement. “Cutting (it) is a no-brainer.”
61. The climate change can be eased by the following measures except _______. A. to ensure the management of food use and distribution
B. to develop good eating habits such as sticking to eating less meat C. to carry out the plans of shrinking food waste designed by researchers D. to prevent food loss and waste after harvest and during transportation 62. What could happen to emissions related to food waste by 2050? A. Emissions of carbon dioxide can rise by up to 5 times yearly. B. Emissions related to growing surplus food will increase by 300%. C. Reducing emissions related to food waste can solve hunger problems.
D. An maximum of 14% of emissions from agriculture is avoidable without fail. 63. What does the underlined word “hiking” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. pushing B. raising C. adding D. moving 64. What can we infer from the passage?
A. 30%—40% of food produced across the world goes bad and is unfit to eat. B. It will beat one’s brains out to cut food loss and waste to avoid climate change. C. Food loss and waste were the first largest greenhouse gas emitters in the world.
D. Cutting food waste by half by 2030 is consistent with the new global development goals.
D
What does home really mean? Is it the people around you who make a place familiar and loved, or is it the tie to land that’s been in your family for generations? Anna Quindlen’s new novel investigates both, seen through the eyes of Mimi Miller, who narrates the story of her life — and of the strike to the people and to the land she loves — from her 1960s girlhood to the present day.
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The book begins with the summer Mimi is 11 and everything around her is about to change in Miller’s Valley. She lives with her parents, her older brothers — rakish Tommy and practical Eddie — and her Aunt Ruth, her mother’s sister, who keeps a terrible secret, and who never leaves the confines of her small house behind Mimi’s. The farm has been in their family for almost 200 years, and Mimi can’t imagine life beyond it.
The land has always been wet, it seems to Mimi. There’s always a sump pump(抽污泵) running in Mimi’s house, and when it storms, mud comes right up to the front porch. But then, the government steps in, deciding to flood “6,400 acres of old family farms and small ramshackle(摇摇欲坠的) homes and turn it into a reservoir by using the dam to divert the river,” transforming corn fields into strip malls, drowning the valley under water, along with a way of life that has been perpetuating itself for generations. They’ll buy up homes and resettle everyone, insisting that new is so much better than old. At first the town stubbornly resists, except for Mimi’s mother, who announces, “Let the water cover the whole damn place.”
But Mimi is desperate to stay. She has no idea what else there is to want, or where else she could possibly live or who else she could possibly be other than a girl on a farm with her family. Her father, too, is tied to the land he loves, and Ruth balks at even stepping outside her house. But as the river is allowed in, dampening the ground, loosening ties, it seems to drown people little by little, forcing secrets to float up to the surface and change things in ways you might never expect.
Quindlen makes her characters so richly alive, so believable, that it’s impossible not to feel every doubt and dream they harbor, or share every tragedy that befalls them. Mimi’s mother is mysteriously bitter toward Ruth, and closemouthed about why. Eddie grows into an efficient man, more like a “friendly visitor” than a brother, who sees and seizes opportunity, becoming an engineer and building new homes for the displaced, as if the future were like a bright, shiny penny. Tommy, the sibling Mimi adores, gets by working odd jobs, car repair, and later selling drugs and going off to war and prison, a man who just tragically never found his place.
But what’s Mimi’s place? “I knew there was a world outside,” she says. “I just had a hard time imagining it.” When she gets highest honors in school, her mother insists, “This is your road to something better than this.” And then to Mimi’s astonishment, she gets a full scholarship to medical school. She doesn’t want to leave, but finally, slowly, she begins to move toward her future, to gather ambition and purpose, and to truly see beyond the confines of her life.
If there is a weak link at all, it’s Donald, a childhood friend of Mimi’s who moves away, but hasn’t made more effort to visit more often. Still, the novel is overwhelmingly moving. We experience how the land changes through the “foggy mist of summer” to “the dry-ice mist of winter.” And the floodwaters channel in, “so that on the evening of the third day the people in town thought Miller’s Valley was having its first earthquake.”
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The ending fast-forwards like a tide, carrying all these lives we’ve come to deeply care for into middle age and beyond, as people marry, birth children, move on and, yes, die. Family bonds are restructured, and secrets are revealed that either wedge people apart or bind them together. But Quindlen also allows her characters mystery — and some of what’s unknown stays unknown, which polishes her story with a kind of haunting grace and truthfulness.
65. Anna Quindlen investigates the meaning of home through the following EXCEPT _______. A. Mimi Miller and her life experiences B. the offence to the people in Miller’s Valley C. the invasion to the land in Miller’s Valley D. different outlooks on leaving the family farm
66. The underlined word “perpetuating” in Paragraph 3 means _______. A. existing
B. preserving
C. involving
D. keeping
67. What does the sentence “Ruth balks at even stepping outside her house.” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Ruth is reluctant to depart from her house B. Mimi’s Aunt is greatly attached to the family farm C. Mimi’s Aunt has a personality of natural reserve. D. Ruth cannot resist chalking around her house. 68. The characters in Quindlen’s novel are _______. A. full of ambition and purpose B. weakly linked interpersonally C. strikingly lifelike and impressive D. clearly revealed to the public in the end 69. What might Mimi’s future fortune be like?
A. She is admitted to medical school through a full scholarship. B. She seizes opportunity to become a female engineer. C. She eventually finds her place beyond the confines of her life.
D. She steps into the road to something other than highest honors in school.
70. What could the passage most probably be classified into?
A. An anecdote. B. A book review.
C. A news report.
D. An Argumentative essay.
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分）
请认真阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
Silk Road Heads for the Hills
Famous for facilitating an incredible exchange of culture and goods between the East and the West, the ancient Silk Road is thought to have wandered across long horizontal distances in mountain foothills and the lowlands of the Gobi Desert. But new archaeological evidence hidden in a towering tomb
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reveals that it also ventured into the high altitudes of Tibet—a previously unknown arm of the trade route.
Discovered in 2005 by monks, the 1,800-year-old tomb sits 4.3 kilometers above sea level in the Ngari district of Tibet. When digging began in 2012, the research team examining the site was surprised to find a large number of typical Chinese goods inside. The haul lends itself to the idea that merchants were traveling from China to Tibet along a branch of the Silk Road that had been lost to history.
“The findings are astonishing,” says Houyuan Lu, an archaeobotanist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Geology and Geophysics in Beijing. Among other artifacts, archaeologists unearthed delicate pieces of silk with woven Chinese characters wang hou (meaning “king” and “princes”), a mask made of pure gold, and ceramic and bronze vessels.
They also were taken aback by what looked like tea buds. The earliest documentation of tea in Tibet dates to the seventh century A.D., but these buds would be 400 to 500 years older. To confirm the identification, Lu and his colleagues analyzed the chemical components of the samples and detected ample amounts of caffeine and theanine（茶氨酸）, a type of amino acid abundant in tea. Moreover, the chemical fingerprints of the tea remainders were similar to those of tea found in the tomb of a Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty dated to 2,100 years ago, and both could be traced to tea varieties grown in Yunnan in southern China. “This strongly suggests that the tea (found in the Tibetan tomb) came from China,” Lu says. The findings were recently published in Scientific Reports.
Such early contacts between Tibet and China “point to a high-altitude component of the Silk Road in Tibet that has been largely neglected,” says Martin Jones, an archaeobotanist at the University of Cambridge. The evidence contributes to the emerging picture that the Silk Road—which the Ottoman Empire closed off in the 15th century—was a highly three-dimensional network that not only crossed vast linear distances but also scaled tall mountains.
Other studies, too, have documented signs of trade along mountain trails in Asia from around 3000 B.C.—routes now known as the Inner Asia Mountain Corridors. “This suggests that mountains are not barriers,” says Rowan Flad, an archaeologist at Harvard University. “They can be effective channels for the exchange of cultures, ideas and technologies.”
Silk Road Heads for the Hills Function of the ancient Silk Road Archaeological (72) ▲ To promote (71) ▲ and commercial exchange between the East and the West. The ancient Silk Road ventured into the high altitudes of Tibet other than the usual trade route, which has been largely taken little (73) ▲ of. ●The towering tomb, (75) ▲ 4.3 kilometers above sea level in Tibet, (74) ▲ stores large quantities of typical Chinese goods. ●Archaeologists unearthed delicate pieces of silk with woven Chinese characters, a pure gold mask, and ceramic and bronze vessels. 高三英语试卷 第 9 页 共 12 页
●The research team were (76) ▲ by the tea buds, the analysis of whose chemical (77) ▲ confirms they were 400 to 500 years older than the earliest documentation of tea showed. ●The chemical fingerprints of the tea (78) ▲ strongly suggested that the tea came from China. The Silk Road not only crossed vast linear distances but also scaled tall (79) ▲
mountains, which are not barriers to (80) ▲ cultures, ideas and technologies. 淮安市2015—2016学年度高三年级信息卷
英语试题参考答案
第一部分：听力（每小题1分，满分20 分） 1-5 AABBC
6-10 ACCBA
11-15 ABCBA 16-20 BCCBC
第二部分（共两节，满分35分）
第二节 单项填空（每小题1分，满分15分） 21-25 CBABA 36-40 ACBAD 56-57 BD
26-30 CAACD
31-35 CDBDB
51-55 DABCD
第二节 完形填空（每小题1分，满分20 分）
41-45 DBCBB 58-60 CBB
46-50 CDACA
第三部分：阅读理解（每小题2分，满分30分）
61-64 CABD
65-70 DBACCB
第四部分：任务型阅读（每小题l分，满分l0分）
71. cultural 72. finding(s) /evidence 73. notice 74. Evidence/Proof 75. situated/located/sitting
76. surprised/astonished 77. . components 78. remainders 79. Summary/Conclusion 80. exchanging 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
One possible version:（范文为浅显的表达形式，满足大部分学生需求）
A boy asked a building contractor how he could become successful when he grew up. The contractor taught him that there’s no easy way to success but to work hard by telling him a story.
Everyone wants to be successful, but not everyone can achieve it. Having read the article, I realize that if we want to achieve success, we have to make a lot of effort.
In reality, there are many people who are always seeking for the easiest way to success. They don’t bother to do small things, complain all day, and they escape from the difficulties, all of which prevent them from achieving success.
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