CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3CH3CHCH2CH3CH3ACH3CH3CCH3CH3BC
依据题意(1)为C;(2)为A;(3)为B。
11、写出乙烷氯化(日光下)反应生成氯乙烷的历程。
解: 链引发:链传递:Cl2Cl光照2ClCH3CH2CH3CH2ClCH3CH2ClCH3CH2CH2CH3
CH3CH3Cl2CH3CH2Cl2CH3CH2HClClCH3CH2链终止:Cl2ClCH3CH212、试写出下列各反应生成的一卤代烷,预测所得异构体的比例:
光照室温(1)CH2CH2CH3(3)CH3CH3 C HCH3Cl2(2)(CH3)3CCH(CH3)2Br2光照室温CCl4Br2光照室温CCl4
光照室温解:(1)CH2CH2CH31-氯丙烷2-氯丙烷Cl2CH3CH2CH2Cl62伯氢总数仲氢总数伯氢相对活性仲氢相对活性CH3CHCH3Cl14
1-氯丙烷和2-氯丙烷的比例为 3 4(2)(CH3)3CCH(CH3)2Br2光照CH2(CH3)2CCH(CH3)2室温CCl4BrA(CH3)3CCHCH2Br(CH3)3CC(CH3)2BBrA的产率 B的产率 = 91CH31160091600CC的产率 B的产率 = 616116001600A B C9 1600 6CH3CH3(3)CHBr3 C H2光照CH3 C BrCH室温CCl43CH31AA的产率 B的产率 = 1916009160013、试绘出下列反应能量变化曲线图:
CHJ3 HFH FCH3435.1kJ mol-1564.8kJ mol-1H = -129.7kJ mol-1,E = 5kJ mol-1活
解:
CH3CH3 C HCH2BrB
15、下列自由基按稳定性由大到小排列成序: A CH3CHCHCH2CH3CH3B CH2CH2CHCH2CH3CH3C CH3CH2CCH2CH3CH3
解:自由基的稳定性由大到小排列次序为:C >A> B 。