?2a2k?1a2k?1?a2k?1a2k?1k?24?a2k?1k?1?2(k?2)?1?(k?1)?2, ?1??1?ak?2k?1k?12k?14?21?a1?2k?1ka22k?3a222k?4?a2k?2?a???a2k?3??2a2k?2?aa2k?22k?2??a2k?2?????2k?1??a?2k?2? ??a2?22k?2?1?????2a2k?2?a2ka2k?2?2?????a?a2k?2k?2???a??2k?2??a2k???2?2?k?2?1????k?1?????(k?1)?2?2?.?k?2??(k?1)?1 ??k?1??∴n?k?1时,猜想也成立.
由①②,根据数学归纳法原理,对任意的n?N*,猜想成立. ∴
a2n?32n?1?a3?a5?a71?a???aaa?2n?1a1a3a52n?5a2n?3?1?345nn1?2?3????1n(n?1)n?2?n?1?2,
aa4a6a8a2n?a2?a?????2n2a4a6a2n?222?2???3??4??5?2?n?1?2(n?1)2?2?????3?????4???????n???2. (注:如果用数学归纳法仅证明了
a2n?1a?n?2,n?N*, 2n?1n则由
a?1)2n?1?n(n2n(n?1)(n?1aa2n?1?a2n?12n?2?2?)(n?2)2(n?1)22?2; www.130edu.com 教学资源网
?????6分 ???8分
,
得
a?n?2?如果用数学归纳法仅证明2n?2???,n?N*,
a2n?n?1?则
由
2a2n(n?1)2?2,得
a2n?1?a2na2n?2又a1?1?(n?1)2(n?2)2(n?1)(n?2), ???2221?(1?1)n(n?1)也适合,∴a2n?1?.) 22n?1?n?1??1??2?2??(n?1)(n?3)∴当n为奇数时,an?;
28?n???1?(n?2)22??当n为偶数时,an?. ?282?(n?1)(n?3),n为奇数??8即数列{an}的通项公式为an??. ???9分 2?(n?2),n为偶数??87?(?1)n121(注:通项公式也可以写成an?n?n?)
8216(法2)令bn?a2n?1,n?N*,则 a2n?12a22?k?1?a2k?1a2k2a??2k?1?1
a2k?1a2kbn?1?a2k?32a2k?2?a2k?1?a2k?1a2k?12a2k?1a2k?1?a2k?12?a2k?1a2k?14bn?1??1??1.
a2k?11?bn1?a2k?14?∴bn?1?1?2(bn?1)(b?1)?2111?n??,.
1?bnbn?1?12(bn?1)2bn?1?从而
1111,n?N*,又?(常数)?,
bn?1?1bn?12b1?121www.130edu.com 教学资源网
故{111111n}是首项为,公差为的等差数列,∴??(n?1)??,
22bn?1bn?1222之
,
得
解
bn?n?2n,即
a2n?1n?2?a2n?1n,
n?N*. ??????????6分
∴a2n?1?a1?a3a5a7aa?????2n?3?2n?1 a1a3a5a2n?5a2n?3345nn?1n(n?1)?1????????,
123n?2n?12从而a2n?a2n?1?a2n?12n(n?1)(n?1)(n?2)?(n?1)222??22.(余同法
1)????????8分
(注:本小题解法中,也可以令bn?a2n?2a,或令bn?2n,余下解法与法2类似) a2na2n?18?,n为奇数?(n?1)(n?3)1?(3)(法1)由(2),得. ??an?8,n为偶数2?(n?2)?显然,S1?144?1; ???????10分 ?1??a131?2当n为偶数时,
?11111111? Sn?8??2??2??2????2?4?666?88n?(n?2)(n?2)??2?44??1?1??11??11?11???8?????????????????n?(n?2)?n(n?2)???2?42?44?64?66?86?8??????????
??11??11??11?1???1?8???????????????????
?nn?2????24??46??68?1?4n?1; ???????12分 ?8????2n?2n?2??当n为奇数(n?3)时,Sn?Sn?1?14(n?1)8 ??an(n?1)?2(n?1)(n?3)www.130edu.com 教学资源网
??n?14n2n?4n84n. ?4???????n?2?n?1(n?1)(n?3)n?2?n?2(n?1)(n?2)(n?3)n?24n,n?N*. ??????????14分 n?2综上所述,Sn?8?,n为奇数?(n?1)(n?3)1?(解法2)由(2),得. ??an?8,n为偶数2??(n?2)以下用数学归纳法证明Sn?①当n?1时,S1?4n,n?N*. n?2144?1; ?1??a131?211134?2.∴n?1,2时,不等式成立. ??1???2?a1a2222?2????????????11分
当n?2时,S2?②假设n?k(k?2)时,不等式成立,即Sk?那么,当k为奇数时,
4k, k?2Sk?1?Sk?1ak?1?4k8 ?2k?2(k?3)??k4(k?1)2k?1?4(k?1)84(k?1)?; ?4??????22(k?1)?2k?3k?2k?3k?3(k?3)(k?2)(k?3)??1ak?14k8 ?k?2(k?2)(k?4)
当k为偶数时,
Sk?1?Sk?????k4(k?1)2k?1?4(k?1)8?4??????k?3k?3(k?2)(k?3)(k?4)?k?2(k?2)(k?4)k?3?4(k?1).
(k?1)?2∴n?k?1时,不等式也成立.
由①②,根据数学归纳法原理,对任意的n?N*,不等式Sn?
4n成立.??14分n?2
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说明:本题主要考查等差数列、等比数列、递推数列的有关概念,考查归纳推理、数学归纳
法、分类讨论、不等式的放缩、差分、累积等重要数学思想方法,并对学生的创新意识、推理论证能力、运算求解能力进行了考查. www.130edu.com 教学资源网