2.6 离子液体应用的前景及缺陷
[1]
离子液体品种多、可设计性强、应用的领域广阔、前景乐观。但是天下没有完美无缺的东西，离子液体也不例外。离子液体要走向工业化需要逐步解决如下一些问题：成本高、粘度大、研究分散、实验数据缺乏等。 (1)
成本的问题。现在的离子液体只是在实验室规模合成，原料贵，成品更贵。 (2)
黏度高是离子液的又一个问题。常温下离子液体的黏度是水的几十倍甚至上百倍，使用中的离子液体会黏附在器壁上，还会造成扩散速度慢的问题。解决的办法有：使用黏度低的离子液体；适当提高反应的温度；加入少量的有机溶剂等。 (3)
研究分散，实验数据缺乏的问题。现在合成的离子液体有上百种，还在不断的合成新的。即使是研究比较多的离子液体，也缺乏工程设计必要的物理化学性质。要集中于若干种常用的离子液体，推进其工业化应用。对于性质数据，一方面继续积累实验数据；另一方面要用模拟的方法来研究离子液体及其溶液的性质。 (4)
离子液体是不挥发的，显然它进入环境最可能的途径是进入水系，因此特别需要做工作确定其对水环境的影响。大多数离子液体的毒性、生态毒性和生态影响目前还不很了解。 (5)
离子液体的投资相对比较小，在许多的应用中采用的离子液体的相关的成本主要是离子液体的成本，而不是与该技术相关的设备的成本，许多应用完全可以使用现有的设备。
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