x?1??? ??xedx ?0??(?)xx?1??????1?? ??(??xe|0????xedx)
0??(?) ?????0x??1?x?edx
???(?)x??1?x? ????edx???
?????(?)?x?1??1xe??dx 又 E(X)?????(?)02xx?1??1??????(??xe|0??(??1)?xedx) ??0??(?)??(??1)???x?xedx ??0??(?)xx??(??1)??????1????(??xe|0????xedx)
0??(?) ??(???)22??0x??1?x?edx ???(?)x??1?x? ??(???)?edx??2(???2) ?????(?)22?故 D(X)?E(X)?E(X)??(22222???)?(??)? 2??20、设随机变量X服从几何分布,其分布律为 P{X?k}?p(1?p)k?1,k?1,2,?。
其中0?p?1是常数,求E(X)和D(X)
解 E(X)??kp(1?p)k?1?k?k?1?p?k(q)k?1?k?1 ?p?(qk?1nk)?
?11p? ?p(?q)??p( )? ?p(?qk)??2p1?q(1?q)k?1k?1又 E(X)?2?kk?1??2p(1?p)k?1?p?k2(q)k?1
k?1? ?p?(kk?1?2?k?k)qk?1
? ?p??k(k?1)qk?1k?1?p?kqk?1
k?1 ?p??k(k?1)qk?1?k?1k?1?1 pk?因为
?k(k?1)qk?1??((k?1)q)???((k?1)qk?1)??
k?1k?11q22(1?q)3?2(2q?q2)(1?q))???( ?( )??241?q(1?q)(1?q) ?22? 33(1?q)p212?p??2 3ppp22所以 E(X)?p?2 D(X)?E(X)?E(X)?2?p11?p?2?2 p2pp21、设长方形的高(以m计)X?U(0,2),已知长方形的周长(以m计)为20,求长方形的面积A的数学期望和方差。
2?0221?1,D(X)?? 解 因为X?U(0,2),所以 E(X)?2123 E(X)?E(X)?D(X)?1?而 A?X2214? 33(20?2X)?X(10?X)?10X?X2 2426?1?0??8. 6667 E(A)33又D(A)?E(A)?E(A) 而 E(A)?222????(10x?x2)2f(x)dx
100x2?20x3?x4dx ??0221100312(x?5x4?x5)|0 23510011448?5?2??4)??96.53 ?4(3515 ?所以 D(A)?E(A2)?E2(A)
?96.5333?8.6667?96.5333?75.1117?21.4216。 22、(1)设随机变量X1,X2,X3,X4相互独立,且有E(Xi)?i,D(Xi)?5?i,
2i?1,2,3,4。设Y?2X1?X2?3X3?求E(Y)和D(Y);
1X4 2(2)设随机变量X,Y相互独立,且X?N(720,302),Y?N(640,252),
求Z1?2X?Y,Z2?X?Y的分布,并求概率P{X?Y},P{X?Y?1400}。 解 (1) E(Y)?2E(X1)?E(X2)?3(X3)? ?2?1?2?3?3?1E(X4) 21?4?7 219D?(X) 4D(X)341 ?4?(5?1)?(5?2)?9(5?3)?(5?4)?37.25
4? D(Y)4D1(X?)E2(X?)(2)因为X?N(720,30),Y?N(640,25)
2 所以 Z1?2X1?Y?N(2?1??2,22?12??2)
22 即 Z1?N(2?720?640,4?302?252) 故 Z1?N(2080,65)
同样,因为E(X)?720,E(Y)?640,E(X?Y)?720?640?80 D(X)?30,D(Y)?25
D(X?Y)?D(X)?D(Y)?30?25?1525 所以 Z2?(X?22222Y)?N(80, 1525) 又 P{X?Y}?P{X?Y?0}?1?P{X? Y? ?1?P{(X?Y)?80?80?}
15251525 ?1??(?8080)??() 15251525??(又因为 E(X?80)??(2.05)?0.9798 39.05Y)?72?06?40,
D(X?Y)?D(X)?D(Y)?302?252?1525
所以 (X?Y)?N(1360,1525)
P{X?Y?1400}?1?P{(X?Y)?13601400?1360?}
15251400?1360)
1525 ?1??(40)?1??(1.02) 39.05 ?1?0.8461?0.1539
?1??(23、五家商店联营,它们每两周的出售的农产品的数量(以kg计)分别为
X1,X2,X3,X4,X5已知X1?N(200,225),X2?N(240,240),X3?N(180,225),X4?N(260,265),X5?N(320,270),且X1,X2,X3,X4,X5相互独立。
(1)求五家商店的总销售量的均值和方差。
(2)商店每隔两周进一次货,为了使新的供货到达商店前不会脱销的概率达到0.99,问商店的仓库应至少储存多少千克产品。
解 (1)设五家商店每两周的总销量为X,则
E(X)??E(Xi)?220?240?180?260?320?1200
i?15 D(X)??i?15D(iX?)2?25?240?22?5 526?2701225 则五家商店的总销量 X?N(1200,1225)
(2)设商店仓库需要储存该产品的数量为m(kg),则在新货到达之前不会脱销的
概率达到0.99,即P{X?m}?0.99。
而 P{X?m}?P{X?1200m?1200?}
12251225X?1200m?1200?}
351225 ?P{
?3) 0查表得 ?(2.3m?1200?2.33 35解得 m?1281.55?1282
令
即仓库需要储存至少1282kg该产品,才能保证其不脱销的概率达到0.99。
24卡车装运水泥,设每袋水泥重量X(以kg计)服从N(50,2.52),问最多装多少袋水泥使总重量超过2000的概率大于0.05
解 设卡车所装的水泥袋数为m,则水泥的总问题为
X??Xi?1mi
因为 ?N(50,2.52),所以 X?N(50m,2.52m)
?0} 0而所求概率为 P{X?200P{X?2000}?1?P{X?2000}
?1?P{X?50m2000?50m?}?0.05
2.5m2.5m 即 P{X?50m2000?50m?}?0.95
2.5m2.5m即 ?(200?0m50)?0.,9 52.5m2000?50m?1.65,
2.5m?5),令0查表得 ?(1.6 800?20m?1.65m, 20m?1.65m?800?0
?1.65?1.652?64000?1.65?64002.7225? m?4040