In general，inhaling(吸入)cigarette smoke，whether actively or passively，does not appear like a good idea when people are concerned about their health.The best individuals could do in this case is to control their personal environment by limiting the exposure to secondhand smoke.There are always good chances to live a longer and better life，and reduce the risk of developing stress，anxiety or depression.
60．Which of the following best gives the main idea of the passage?
A．Secondhand smoking causes major depression. B．Smoking can also harm those who do not smoke. C．Secondhand smoking can cause great harm too. D．Depression can do great harm to people's health.
[解析] 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，文章不是着眼于吸二手烟的一般性危害，而是强调吸二手烟容易使人得抑郁症。
[答案] A
61．Until now we don't make sure__________. A．who are likely to suffer from major depression
B．secondhand smoke is connected with mood and depression C．whether the smoking comes first or the depression D．inhaling cigarette smoke actively does no harm to health [解析] 细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句话可知，到底是吸烟在前还是患抑郁症在前目前尚不清楚。
[答案] C
62．In the last paragraph the author intends to__________. A．analyse the harm of smoking
B．give a suggestion C．give the final conclusion D．scold the smokers
[解析] 推理判断题。综合最后一段内容可知，作者强调无论是吸烟还是吸二手烟，都对我们及他人的健康不利，因此建议每个人应尽量使自己过一种健康长久的生活。
[答案] B
63．We can infer from the passage that__________. A．it is certain that smoking comes before depression
B．non-smokers are more likely to suffer from depression than smokers
C．smokers themselves are not likely to suffer from depression D．smokers themselves are more likely to suffer from depression [解析] 推理判断题。从文章第三段最后一句可推断出：相比不吸烟者，吸烟者本人更容易患抑郁症。
[答案] D
C
(2011年江苏)We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells—but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)? Shouldn't we know who they are?
Joan McLean thinks so.In fact，McLean，a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range，feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic.In addition to learning “who” invented “what”，however，McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions.According to
McLean，“When students learn the answers to these questions，they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
Her students agree.One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement.“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper's invention，” said Tommy Lee，a senior physics major，“I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.
So，just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well，Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City.The day was cold and stormy，but Anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar.Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a built-in device for cleaning the window.Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham，Alabama，Anderson started drafting out solutions.One of her ideas，a lever(操作杆) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside，became the first windshield wiper.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light.It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett's innovation that makes glass invisible.Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?
64．By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”，the
author indicates that countless inventions are________.
A．beneficial，because their inventors are famous B．beneficial，though their inventors are less famous C．not useful，because their inventors are less famous D．not useful，though their inventors are famous
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段内容结合下文可推断，作者提到交通信号灯、雨刮器等发明，是想说无数的发明对人类十分有益，虽然它们的发明者没有太大的名气。
[答案] B
65．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to__________. A．add colour and variety to students' campus life B．inform students of the windshield wiper's invention C．carry out the requirements by Mountain University D．prepare students to try their own inventions
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，John McLean 教授开设这门课程的目的就是让学生有足够的准备去尝试自己发明东西。
[答案] D
66．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was__________.
A．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Tommy Lee 发
明的“不会折断的雨伞”就是受到了雨刮器背后的故事的激励。
[答案] B
67．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A．How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B．How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window? C．Shouldn't We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D．Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? [解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就是主题段，特别是第一段最后一句充分体现了作者的心声，接下来的内容都是围绕第一段展开并为第一段服务的。
[答案] C
D
(2012年全国Ⅱ)Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like it can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter(住所)as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time，thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When you're cold enough to go inside，they probably are too.If you must leave them outside for a long time，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter against the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non-frozen water.