一致性。
11) Young ________ he is ,he has proved to be an able salesman. (07,12) A) that B) who C) as D) which
解析：本题主要考查固定结构。As在句中作“虽然，尽管”讲，它引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序。 12) Only when we had finished all the work that it was too late to take a bus home. (08,06) A) did we realize B) will we realize C) we did realize D) we will realize 解析：本题考查倒装句。Only在句首主句的主谓需倒装。
13) Not until that day _______ the importance of good manners in a job interview. (08,12) A) did I realize B) I did realize C) I have realized D) have I realized
解析：本题考查对倒装句的掌握。否定词Not放在句首，主谓要倒装，还要注意时态与时间状语的一致性。 14）Not until she arrived at the meeting room ________ she had forgotten to bring the document. (09,12)
A) she realized B) did she realize C) she did realize D) does she realize
解析：本题考查对倒装句的掌握。否定词Not放在句首，主谓要倒装，还要注意时态与时间状语的一致性。 15) Only when we hurried to the airport ____ the flight was cancelled. (10,06)
A) we found B) did we find C) have we found D) we have found 解析：本题考查倒装句，选B。Only在句首主句的主谓需倒装。
16) Not until yesterday ____ anything about the new advertising campaign. (10,12) A) I learned B) have I learned C) did I learn D) that I learned
解析：本题考查倒装句与时态组合的认知和运用。否定词Not until在句首，英语语法规定主谓语需实行倒
装。yesterday暗示选择过去时+倒装正确。
八、动名词做宾语；分词做宾补 （共15题，比例6.8%）
【语法点拨】Ⅵ
1．下列动词作谓语时，其宾语若是动词，一律用动名词：必背 admit, acknowledge, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, endure, enjoy, excuse, face, finish, fancy, favor, forgive, imagine, include, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practise, pardon, resist, require, risk, stand, suggest, understand; can?t help
词组：be worth, feel like, can?t stand, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent ? (from), keep ? from, stop ?(from), protect ? from, set about, be engaged in, spend ? (in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等。 2．分词做宾补： 分词有两种，一种是现在分词，另一种是过去分词。而现在分词有两种类型, 即: 一般式和完成式。过去分词形式只有一种类型。 具体形态：现在分词一般式 doing；完成式 having done 过去分词 done
现在分词做宾补表示正在进行的主动意义，过去分词做宾补则表示已经完成的被动意义。感观动词feel，find，hear，smell，catch，notice，watch，observe，see，look at，listen to以及有些使役动词如have，make，let，keep等都可以接现在分词或过去分词做宾补。例如: （划线部分为分词作宾补） I hear someone knocking at the door. 我听到有人在敲门。（knock是宾语someone的行为，表主动） We ought to have her examined by the doctor. 我们应当让医生给她做个检查。（examine与宾语her呈被动关系，该用过去分词）
I?ll have the taxi waiting at the entrance. 我会让出租车等在入口处。（wait是宾语taxi的行为，表主动） They had their ears hurt by the noise of the machines.他们被机器的噪声伤到了耳朵。（ear耳朵受到伤害，过去分词hurt，表被动）
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1) Are you going to fix the car yourself, or are you going to have it _____? (02,12)
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A) fixing B) to fix C) fix D) fixed 解析：本题考查 “have/make sth done” 结构，在此用过去分词做宾补。
2）Jane always enjoys ____ to popular music at home on Friday evenings. (03,06) A) listening B) being listening C) to be listening D) to listen
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。在某些动词后面只能用动名词作宾语，题中的enjoy 就是其中一个，类似的还有avoid, consider, admit, escape, finish, practise等。
3) I?m still unable to make myself in the discussion, which worries me a lot. (03,12) A) to be understood B) understanding C) understood D) understand 解析：make一词后接过去分词做补语，表示“使...被做”，在make后如果以反身代词作宾语，宾补这个地
方就应该用过去分词与宾语形成被动关系。
4) He doesn?t feel like _____a picnic in the park this weekend, and he suggested watching the football match instead. (05,06)
A) have B) to have C) having D) had. 解析：本题考查词组feel like doing,故选C.
5) It cost her a lot of money, but she doesn?t regret_____ a year traveling around the world. (05,12) A) to have spent B) to spend C) spent D) spending 解析：本题考查重点词regret的用法：regret to do: 很遗憾去做某事; regret doing: 后悔做了某事。该题内
涵应是不后悔花了一年的时间环游世界，故选D.
6) After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test. (05,12)
A) being interviewed B) being interviewing C) interviewing D) having interviewed 解析：本题考查动名词作介词宾语，且内涵被动，故选A. (动名词被动式)
7) The policeman kept his eyes on the screen of the computer to identify the criminal?s foot-prints. (06,12)
A) fixed B) fixing C) being fixed D) to fix
解析：本题考查keep的用法。与keep有关的结构是：1 keep sb./ sth. doing; 2 keep sb. /sth. done; 3 keep sb. / sth. adj./prep. 本句符合第2种结构,eye和fix 是逻辑上的被动关系,所以A符合题意。 8) I was almost asleep last night when I suddenly heard someone _____ at the door. (07,06) A) being knocking B) knocking C) to knock D) having knocked
解析：本题考查非谓语动词做宾补的用法。hear sb. doing sth. 意为听见某人正在做某事。 9）Scientists should be kept of the latest developments in their research areas. (08,06) A) inform B) informing C) informed D) to inform
解析：本题考查宾补含被动语态的用法。inform是及物动词，而of the latest developments则不是它的宾语，
该宾语实际已经提到了主语的位置，这就是被动结构产生的原因。
10）I don't regret her what I thought about her proposal, even if it upset her. (08,06) A) tell B) to tell C) told D) telling 解析：本题考查动词regret的用法。动词regret后既可以接动词不定式，也可以接动名词。regret to do 表
示“因要做某事而遗憾”，regret doing 表示“后悔做了某事”, 根据句意，tell已经做过，故答案选D。 11) Allan is looking forward to ________ his American partner at the trade fair. (08,12) A) meet B) meeting C) be meeting D) having met
解析：本题考查动词非谓语动词做介宾的用法。to是介词，应选动名词的一般时态作宾语。 12) The sales manager had his secretary ________ a press conference for their new products. (08,12) A) arrange B) to arrange C) have arranged D) arranged 解析：本题考查动词不定式做宾补的用法。根据have+宾语+do的原则，应选A)。
13）The scientists wanted to keep people _______ about the breakthough in their experiment. (08,12) A) inform B) informed C) informing D) to inform 解析：本题与第8题类似，属于同一范畴的语法点。people与inform是被动关系。
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14）I think that the Great Wall is worth _____ hundreds of miles to visit. (09,06) A) to travel B) traveling C) traveled D) travel
解析：本题考查重点与第10题相同。worth是介词，be worth doing sth.(值得做某事 )。
15）Miss Smith?s assistant enjoys ____ for her although she treats him very strictly. (10,12) A) work B) working C) to work D) worked
解析：本题考查非谓语动词的认知和运用。无论何种情形只要enjoy的宾语是动词，这个动词一定要用动
名词。
九、重点句型 (包括名词性从句、主谓一致、代词等) （15题，比例6.8 %）
注：名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1) _____ woke me up was a loud cry from someone in the room. (00,12)
A) How B) That C) What D) Which 解析：本题考查主语从句，且关系代词要充当主语，故选C.
2) The manager, as well as his advisers, _____ to attend the world fair. (01,06)
A) are agreed B) were agreed C) have agreed D) has agreed 解析：本题考查主谓一致关系，真正主语是the manager, 故谓语动词应该为单数形式。 3) John has never been on time, ____? (01,06)
A) has John B) hasn?t John C) has he D) hasn?t he 解析：测试点是反意疑问句的用法。原句中前面的陈述句中表示否定意义的词“never”，因而后面的附加疑问句应该用肯定语句；其次，为避免名词重复，后面的主语应用代词“he”，故C项正确。 4) _____breaks the law will be punished sooner or later. (02,12)
A) Who B) Someone C) Anyone D) Whoever 解析：本题考查从句引导词，但内涵有让步意义，故选D，相当于No matter who. 5) She wanted to know ____ child it was on the grass. （03,06） A) that B) whose C) what D) whom
解析：本题考查的是连接代词whose引导的宾语从句。根据句型结构和句意选B。
6) With the introduction of the computer, libraries today are quite different from ____ they were in the past. (05,01)
A) that B) what C) which D) those
解析：本题考查宾语从句，且关系代词要在从句中充当主语，故选B.
7）Many people have found _____ uncomfortable to hold the same position for a long time. (05,06) A. it B. which C. this D. that
解析：本题考查it作形式宾语的用法。当不定式、动名词、that从句作宾语，又有自己的宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置。
8) We don?t deny that your products are superior in quality to of Japanese make. (06,12) A) the one B) that C) these D) those
解析：此题的考点是代词的用法。当名词第二次出现时，为了避免重复，往往用代词替代，替代单数名词
用that，复数要用those。本题those替代的是products。
9)They regard ________ as their duty to provide the best service for their customers. (07,12)
A) this B) what C) it D) that
解析：本题考查it作形式宾语的用法。Regard…as…，把……看作，在此结构中，regard后面真正的宾语是动词不定式to provide the best service for their customers，但是由于它太长，就用it作为形式宾语放在regard后，真正的宾语就移到了句子的最后。
10) I don?t doubt ________ the stock market will recover from the economic crisis. (07,12) A) if B) what C) that D) which
解析：本题考查宾语从句的连词。四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，但是根据句子意思，只能选答案C。选项if意思是“是否”，what和which与句子意思明显不相符合。
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11) Jack would rather spend time complaining than the problem by himself. (08,06) A) solve B) solved C) solves D) to solve
解析：本题主要考查would…rather than…的用法。would…rather +动词原形than +动词原形，表示“宁可做……也不做……”，故答案选A。
12) The market economy is quickly changing people?s idea on ______ is accepted. (08,12) A) that B) which C) what D) how 解析：本题考查词疑问词引导的宾语从句作介词宾语，根据句意选C)。
13) _____ is reported in the newspapers that the talks between the two companies have not made any progress.
(09,06) A) That B) What C) It D) As
解析：本题考查主语从句。此处it 做形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 14) The first question we now discuss is _____ we should go there early tomorrow. (09,06) A) Whether B) Where C) what D) whom
解析：本题考查表语从句。疑问词引导表语从句时要根据句意判断，选A)正确。
15) We investigated other companies in the market to discover ____ they handled complaints from their customers. (10,12)
A) that B) how C) what D) where 解析：本题考查宾语从句中连接词的使用。虽然各项选择均可连接宾语从句，但从句子结构和含义上分析，
只能选B。这是因为discover“发现，了解”，显然要获得一个结果，而how或what才可表达一种结果，但complaints from their customers则是handle所做的具体内容，所以用what就没有道理了，而how则表示做事的“方式”。故选B正确。
十、 分词、动词不定式作定语 （共10题，比例4.5 %）
【语法点拨】Ⅶ
不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别： （1）不定式作定语
1) 不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系
He was the last one to leave school yesterday．昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。 The train to arrive was from London．将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2) 不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat．给他拿点儿东西吃。
She has a lot of work to do in the morning．早上他有很多工作要做。 3) 不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。
I need a pen to write with．我需要一支笔写字。
There is nothing to worry about．没有什么值得发愁的。
4) 被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next， second, last, only和not a，the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。
5）不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。 John will do anything but work on a farm．除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。 （2）分词作定语
分词作定语时有下面几个特点：
1) 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。
2) 现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。
He rushed into the burning house．他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。
The child standing over there is my brother．站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
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The room facing south is our classroom．朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? He is an advanced teacher．他是个先进教师。 （3）不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系
一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后；现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:
Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？ He knew that was his duaghter coming in the gate. 他知道是女儿正从大门进来。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那位学生是我的女儿。（分词作定语相当于定语从句的省略式）=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
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1）It is easy to think that a witness who saw a crime ____ will be able to give all the answers. (00,06) A) to be committed B) commit C) committing D) being committed
解析：本题测试分词的用法。如果证人没有目击犯罪过程，那么就不会称为证人。因此犯罪过程是应该被
看见的，现在分词的被动语态可以反映整个事情，故而D项正确。 2) Thousands of products ____ from crude oil are now in daily use.（03,06） A) to make B) be made C) making D) made
解析：本题考查过去分词作定语，分词made引导定语从句省略式，此句可改为定语从句Thousands of
products which are made from ……
3) I have found some articles ______ the harmful effects of drinking. (03,12)
A) being concerned B) concerned C) to concern D) concerning 解析：本题考查分词做定语，内涵为主动，故选D.
4) At the international conference, the famous scientist gave an excellent report _____ on his recent experiment. (03,12)
A) basing B) based C) to be based D) to base
解析：本题考查分词做定语，但不能用A), 因为 “以…为依据”词组是：be based on,原句如果写成完整的
定语从句应是：…which was based on…，故选B.
5) The City of London, ____ repeatedly in 1940 and 1941, lost many of its famous churches. (05,01) A) bombed B) to bomb C) bombing C) have bombed
解析：本题考查分词做定语，实际上是一个非限制性定语从句，且内涵被动，故选A.
6) It is said that the agreement _____between the two companies last month will become effective from May 1st. (05,06)
A) to sign B) signed C) to be signed D) signing 解析：本题考查分词做定语，且内涵被动，故选B.
7) The professor, _____ as a splendid speaker, was warmly received by the students. (05,12) A) known B) to be known C) knowing D) have known
解析：本题考查分词做定语，实际上是一个非限制性定语从句，且内涵被动，故选A. 8）The conference _______ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success. (07,06) A) holding B) being held C) to hold D) to be held 解析：本题考查动词不定式作定语的用法。hold和conference显然是被动关系，且在next week，故选D
正确。
9) The first textbook _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (07,12) A) writing B) written C) to write D) to be written
解析：本题考查动词分词作定语的用法。write和textbook显然是被动关系，故选B正确。此类表达式也可看作是定语从句的省略式。
10）The proposal ____ at the meeting now is of great importance to our department. (10,06)
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