附录B 外文原文
Su Zhou Dong Huan Street Planning
Purpose of Town Planning: Town Planning aims at providing a quality living environment, facilitating economic development, and promoting the health, safety, convenience and general welfare of the community by guiding and controlling development and the use of land. Following the principle of sustainable development, town planning seeks to bring about an organized, efficient and desirable place for the community to live and work in. As land suitable for development in Hong Kong is scarce, there is a need to strike a balance in utilizing the limited land resource to meet the competing demands for housing, commerce, industry, transport, recreation, nature conservation, heritage preservation and other community needs.
To do a urban planning, we need to fully understand the information of the planning land, and to exploit the advantages of planning land. The most important one of urban planning is its central area planning, a good central area planning, often the make whole the urban planning become excellent. So I write this articles about the City Center planning.
The land of planning is near the Xin'anjiang it coast hillside and surrounded by water, the scenery there is very beautiful, it has excellent tourism resources around, so the city to build tourism as its nature is a good choice.
Under the urban nature of tourism, the location of urban centers should be not only consider to meet the needs of residents but also consider to the commercial development which made by the tourism.
Therefore, the city center is located in the south of the geometric center, there are hospitals, sports, community centers, residential and commercial areas surround the busy city center. A green belt which extension from the river make the city full of vitality.
City Centre Area, covering about 0.5 square kilometers and green 40%.In order to make city become friendly to the nature, so that we spin off the industrial park as a
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whole, when we reform the city center area,. What more we make the river guidelines throughout the city center area and make the mountains, the water, and the human to be harmonious.
The central area including the city government sites, commercial areas, residential areas, leisure areas and the public square, these elements form a unified whole. Government buildings about 50,000 square meters of construction land, building area is more than 15,000 square meters, volume fraction is 2.3. The spirit which signed by the government building is strong and inclusive. The construction not only sign the authority and the diversity spirit of government but also guide the construction become better as a landmark.
As the higher Land prices of the central area ,the constructions in there are almost high-rise buildings, the combination of external commercial and residential building that is lower for the shops, the upper housing for the residents to use.
Civic square and town planning exhibition Hall together, it make people to understand the city's development while relaxing .
The central area of the city opened up a large areas of lawn, for people to play and improve air quality, the size of the lawn to a certain extent affected the people's happiness index of a city.
Overall, this urban centers planning fully tap the advantages of the city, and spin off the part which is harmful to exploit the advantages of the city (such as industrial parks),to build intensive city, that not only develop the economy but also protect the environment.
Statutory Plans: Two types of statutory plans are prepared and published by the TPB under the provisions of the TPO. In 2005, the TPO was amended to streamline he plan-making process and planning approval procedures, enhance the openness and transparency of the planning system and strengthen planning enforcement control in the rural New Territories .The first type is Outline Zoning Plan (OZP) which major road systems of an individual planning area. Areas covered by OZPs are in general zoned
for
uses
such
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as residential, commercial,
industrial ,greenbelt ,open ,government/institution/community uses or other specified
purposes. Attached to each OZP is a Schedule of Notes showing the uses which are always permitted (Column 1uses) in a particular zone and other uses for which priorper mission from the TPB must be sought (Column 2 uses).The second type is Development Permission Area(DPA) Plan. DPA Plans are prepared to provide inter planning control, and development guidance for rural are a sin the New Territories until more detailed OZPs are prepared. DPA Plans indicate broad land use zones an dare also accompanied by Schedules of Notes showing Column 1 and 2 uses. Urban Renewal and Regeneration: The Urban Renewal Authority (URA) is a statutory body established in 2001 to speed up the renewal of old urban areas and to execute the Urban Renewal Strategy formulated by the Government. Plan D co-ordinates with the URA under the statutory provisions in the planning of urban renewal and regeneration projects for the improvement of the old urban areas .The Government has launched a review of the Urban Renewal Strategy in 2008 in three stages – envisioning, public engagement and consensus building, and is scheduled for completion in 2010. The Strategy will provide a broad policy guidance for urban renewal in Hong Kong. New Town and New Development Areas: Large-scale new town development in the New Territories began in the early 1970s. Plan D’s District Planning Offices have worked closely with the Civil Engineering and Development Department’s Development Offices to prepare plans and oversee the development of these new towns. At present, nine new towns, namely, Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin, Tuen Mun, Tai Po, Yuen Long, Fan ling/Sheung Shui, Tseung Kwan O,TinShuiWai and North Lantau are in various stages of development and will accommodate about four million people upon full development. However, large-scale new towns will not be pursued in the foreseeable future. Instead, medium-scale new development areas such as Kai Ta kand new development areas in the New Territories will be developed. At present , urban transport development in our Country is only equivalent to the 60~70 years of Western countries, compared with developed countries, urban vehicle density is relatively low. Nevertheless, the problem of environmental pollution caused by motor vehicles and urban traffic congestion is very serious. This fully demonstrates that there are institutional, administrative and technical problems exesiton China's
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road traffic management. But with the further develop of national urban road traffic flow works , many of the city's traffic situation has been greatly improved, and a series of advanced traffic management equipment and advanced management mode have been used, and achieved good results. Many cities have very effective traffic management, Such as Xiamen, Dalian, Nanjing, Qingdao, Jinan, Hangzhou and other cities, has been named the \get achievements, we must clearly recognized that there is a gap between the current overall level of China's urban traffic management and flow of engineering requirements . In 2000, the national \138 cities, , traffic flow management planning project of 42 cities only reached five of the 11 demands requirements, and only 20 cities meet four requirements. Thus, China's urban traffic management planning has lagged far behind the requirements of modern road transport development.
Urban network is very complex, complex operation of traffic, the factors of traffic problems are complex, and the corresponding development of urban traffic management schemes often consist of several management strategies, a combination of management measures, any construction or implementation of management measures will lead to the city road operation of the Internet traffic changes. Such as a section of a road into a one-way street or odd and even numbers to access, change the type of intersection (no control change to signal control), change a road section to a bus lane, open road or the widening a Road, will lead to the city 80% to 90% of the main road traffic flow and speed changing. Therefore, the traffic management is a systematic project, we must use scientific methods to solve ,commonly used empirical method is not completely resolved.So, the traffic management planing needs to be done, in fact, some cities have implemented some management measures are done planning, but not systematic and comprehensive .
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