1解:
?20arcsinxdx??xarcsinx??20111?201?dx??? 2261?xx1123.
?20?32?2?d(1?x)??1?x???1.
2?01212?21?x12??e1xlnxdx.
ee解:
?1xlnxdx??e1?x?lnxd()??lnx??2?2?1x22222e?ex21?dx??2x21e2?ex21dx
?x?ee1e?1??????(?)?. 2?4?12444e4.
22?40exdx.
2解:令 故
x?t,则 x?t,dx?2tdt,且当x?0时,t?0;当x?4时,t?2.
ex?40dx?2?tedt?2?td(e)?2??te??0?2?0edt 00t222t2tt22t ?4e?2??e??0?2e?2. 【例5-3】计算下列广义积分.
21.
???0edx. edx????e?x?x?x解:
?1??0?(?e?0?xlim??????x)?(?1)?0?1?1.
2.
???11?x2dx.
dx??arctanx?12??解:
???11?x11?limarctanx?arctan1?x????2??4??4.
3.
?????1?x2dx.
解:
?????11?xdx??arctanx????limarctanx?limarctanx 2x???x????????2?2?(??2)??.
4.
?1x2sin1xdx.
?解:
???21x2sin1x?dx???2???1?1?sind()??cos??limcos?0?1.
x???xxx?2x??11??【例5-4】计算下列积分上限函数的导数.
1.
ddxd?x01?tdt.
x221?x.
2解:
dx2.
?001?tdt?ddx?x21?tdt.
x22解:
ddxd?101?tdt?24241?x?(x)??2x1?x.
3.
?dxdsinxln(1?t)dt.
解:
?dxdx1sinxln(1?t)dt???dxdsinx1ln(1?t)dt??cosxln(1?sinx).
4.
?dxddxx32arctantdt.
x3解:
?x2arctantdt?arctanx?(x)??arctanx?(x)?
323322 ?3x2arctaxn?x2arctx.an
【例5-5】求下列极限.
1.limx?0?x0costdtx.
2?解:应用洛必达法则,limx?0x0costdtx?limx?02cosx12?1.
?2.limx?0x0arctantdtxx2.
?解:limx?00arctantdtx2?limx?0arctanx2x?12(x?0时,arctan. x~x)
3.limx?0?x021?tdtxx222.
?解:limx?001?tdtx22?limx?01?x?2x2x2?lim1?x?1.
x?024.limx?0(?edt)xt22?0x0tex2t2.
dt2解:limx?0(?edt)t2?0x0te2t2?limx?02?edt?e0xt2x2dtxe22x2??2limx?0x0edtx?2limex?0t2x2?2.
?xe?x,?【例5-6】设函数f(x)??1,??1?cosxx?0, 计算
???x?0,?41f(x?2)dx.
解:设x?2?t,则dx?dt,且当x?1时,t??1;当x?4时,t?2.
42?10?1于是
?1f(x?2)dx??f(t)dt??11?costdt??20te?t2dt
??0?112cos12?2t2dt?12?20e?t2t???1?t?2 d(?t)?tan?e????2??1?2??0202?tan12e?4?1?112.
【例5-7】计算定积分
1?1?(x?sinx)xdx.
2解:
?(x?sinx)xdx?2?1?1xxdx?2?1?1xsinxdx?2?xdx?0
0213?21?14?x?. ?4???021【例5-8】求下列平面图形的面积. 1.计算由两条抛物线y解:此区域既可看成X2?x和y?x所围成的平面图形的面积.
2?型区域,又可看作Y?型区域.按X?型区域解法如下:
两曲线的交点为(0,0)和(1,1),故
31?2213?211??. 面积 S??(x?x)dx??x?x??03?0333?3122.求由抛物线解:按Yy?x,直线y??x及y?1所围成的平面图形的面积.
?型区域来做,先求出图形边界曲线的交点(0,0)、(?1,1)及(1,1),故
10面积 S??(?2212?217y?y)dy??y?y????.
2?3?03262313.计算由曲线y?2x和直线y?x?4所围成的平面图形的面积.
解:此区域既可看成X?型区域,又可看作Y?型区域,但按Y?型区域解较为简便.先
2?y?2x求两曲线的交点,由 ? 可解得交点为(2,?2)和(8,4),故
?y?x?4面积S?
?4?2(y?4?y22)dy?13??12y?4y?y?18. ?2?6???24【历年真题】
一、选择题
1.(2010年,1分)设?(x)??x2?2x02edt,则??(x)等于( )
?x2?t(A)e (B)?e?x (C)2xe (D)?2xe?x2
2?22?x?t??x2?x???(x)?2xe,选项(C)正确. 解:?(x)???edt??e0??2.(2010年,1分)曲线y?x与直线y?1所围成的图形的面积为( )
2(A)
23 (B)
234 (C)
43 (D)1
解:曲线y?x与曲线y?1的交点坐标为(?1,1)和(1,1),则所围图形的面积为
?x?42(1?x)dx?x??.选项(C)正确. ????13??13?1313.(2010年,1分)定积分
?2?2xcosxdx等于( )
(A)?1 (B)0 (C)1 (D)解:因被积函数xcosx在[?2,2]上为奇函数,故二、填空题 1.(2010年,2分)
12
?2?2xcosxdx?0.选(B).
?101?xdx? .
2解:由定积分的几何意义,
?101?xdx表示曲线y?21?x,直线x?0,x?12