Aa
abandon yourself to sth phr v (=to allow yourself to be controlled completely by a feeling or
way of living)v.（完全地）受制于，沉溺于（某种情感或生活方式）
with abandon idm (=in a careless or completely uncontrolled way)ad.放纵地，随意地，不顾其
他人感受地
abide by sth phr v (=to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may
not agree with it)v.遵守，接受，遵循（决定、规则、协定等）
be about to do sth idm (=if someone is about to do something, or if something is about to
happen, they will do it or it will happen very soon)ad.即将，刚要（做某事），（某事）即将（发生）
not be about to do sth idm (=to not be willing to do sth; to not intend to sth)ad.不愿，无意 keep/stay abreast of sth idm (=to make sure that you know all the most recent facts or
information about a particular subject or situation)v.与?齐头并进，一定要知道?的最新动态，跟上?的发展步伐
in the abstract idm (=in a general way, without referring to a particular real person, thing or
situation)ad. 抽象地，理论上
in abundance idm 大量，丰富，充裕，充足：we had wine in abundance. by accident idm (=in a way that is not planned or intended)ad.偶然，意外地
of one’s own accord idm (=without being asked or forced to do something)ad.自愿地，主动地（做某事）
be in accord with sb/sth idm (=a situation in which two people, ideas, or statements agree with
each other)v.同?相一致，与?相符合
with one accord idm (=if two or more people do something with one accord, they do it
together or at the same time, because they agree with each other)ad.一致地，意见一致地（做某事）
in accordance with sth idm (=according to a rule or the way that sb says that sth should be
done)prep.依照，根据，按照
according to / ????????????/ prep.1.据?所说，按?所载（报道） 2.根据，按照 be of no/little account idm (=to not be important)a.不重要的，无足轻重的
on account of sth idm (=because of something else, especially a problem or difficulty)prep.由于，因为
on no account/not on any account idm (=
someone must not, for any reason, do something)ad.无论何种原因都不要（做某事）
take account of sth/take sth into account idm (=to consider or include particular facts or details
when making a decision or judgment about something)v.仔细考虑清楚，好好地考虑（某事）
act on sth phr v (=to have an effect on sth)v.起作用，产生影响
act on/upon sth phr v (=to do something because of another person's advice or order, or
because you have received information or had an idea)v.根据（建议、命令、信息等）行事
6
act up phr v (=if children act up, they behave badly)vi.(小孩等)玩捣蛋，行为调皮
act up phr v (=if a machine or part of your body acts up, it does not work properly)v.（机器或
人体）出毛病
in the act of doing sth phr v (=while you are doing sth)prep.正在（做某事）时，正做?的过程
中
be out of action idm (=If a machine or vehicle is out of action, it is not working or cannot be
used)a.(机器、交通工具等)坏了，失灵了，无法工作了
out of action idm (=If an athlete is out of action, they are injured or ill and cannot
compete)a.(因受伤或生病)无法正常工作
add (sth) up phr v (=to calculate the total of two or more numbers)v.计算出总数，算出?的总数
not add up phr v (=If a situation does not add up, there is no reasonable or likely explanation
for it)v.无法推理出来，说不通，没有道理，无法解释
add up to sth phr v (=AMOUNT：to become a particular amount)v.合计达，总共是，总数为 add up to sth phr v (=to have a particular result or effect)v.造成?后果，产生?结果，起作用 add up to sth phr v (=to show sth)v.表示，显示，总的来讲是
in addition sth idm (=used to add another piece of information to what you have just said)ad.
另外，从另一方面来讲
in addition to sb/sth idm (=used when you want to mention another person or thing after sth
els)prep.除?以外（还）
in advance (of sth) idm (=before something happens or is expected to happen)ad./prep.预先，
事先； 在?之前
in advance of sth/sb idm (=to be more developed or modern than someone or something
else)prep.领先于，比?更现代
take advantage of sb idm (=to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially
someone who is generous or easily persuaded)v.（欺骗性地）利用，占?的便宜
take advantage of sth (to do sth) idm (=to use the good things in a situation)v.利用，把握着?的
机会
to (good/best) advantage idm (=in a way that shows the best of sth)ad.有效地，出色地，很好
地
in the aggregate idm (=as a group or in total)ad.作为整体，总共
clear the air idm (=if an argument or discussion clears the air, it causes bad feelings between
people to disappear)v.(争执、不快等)消除了，不存在了
be in the air idm (=If something is in the air, you feel that it is happening or about to happen)a.
存在的，即将出现的
be on/off (the) air idm (= to be broadcasting on the radio or television at the present moment,
or to stop broadcasting)v.（电视、收音机等）正在播放节目或停止播放节目
be up in the air idm (= if something is up in the air, no decision has been made about it yet)a.
无法做出决定的，悬而未决的
be on the alert (for) idm (= ready to notice and deal with a situation or problem)a.警戒着，随时准备着
above all (else) idm (=used to say that something is more important than anything else)ad.首
7
先，尤其是
after all idm (=in spite of what you thought was true or expected to happen)ad.最终还是，毕竟，终归还是
after all idm (=used to say that something should be remembered or considered, because it
helps to explain what you have just said)ad.别忘了，毕竟还有
all but idm (=almost completely)ad.几乎，差不多
all in all idm (=used to show that you are considering every part of a situation)ad.总的来看，考虑到各方面
all over idm (=everywhere)ad.到处，处处，各处
at all idm (= used in negative statements and questions to emphasize what you are saying)ad.
用于否定句，表示强调，可看作虚词
for all sth idm (=in spite of a particular fact)prep.尽管，虽然 in all idm (= including every thing or person)ad.总共，合计
allow for sb/sth phr v (=to include sb/sth when calculating sth)v.把?计算在内，考虑到，估计到
allow of sth phr v (=to make it possible for something to happen or be accepted)v.容许，使有?的可能
make allowance(s) for sth idm (=to consider sth, for example when you are making a decision
or planning sth)v.（做决策、决定等时）考虑到，估计到 make allowances (for sb) idm (=to allow sb to behave in a way that you would not usually
accept, because of a problem or because there is a special reason)v.体谅，谅解
all along idm (=all the time from the beginning, while something was happening)ad.始终，一直
along with sth/sb idm (=together with someone or something else)prep.和?一起，和?一道 angle for sth phr v (=to try to get something you want without asking directly for it)v.（转弯抹角地）谋取
one (...) after another idm (=a lot of things, one after the other)ad.一个接一个地，相继地 one another idm (=each other)ad.互相
answer for sth phr v (=to be responsible for something bad, or to be punished for something)v.
对?负有责任，因?而受到惩罚
answer for sb/sth phr v (=If you say that you can answer for someone or for a quality that they
have, you mean that you know from experience that they can be trusted, or that they have that quality)v.担保，保证（某人或某物的品质）
anything but idm (=used to emphasize that someone or something does not have a particular
quality)ad.绝对不，肯定不
anything like sb/sth idm (=similar in any way to something or someone else)prep.完全像，任何地方都相似
for anything idm (=if you will not do something for anything, you will definitely not do it)ad.（用
于否定句中）无论如何，肯定
apart from/aside from idm (=except for)prep.除了?之外（别无） apart from/aside from idm (=as well as)prep.除了?之外（还有）
to/from all appearances idm (=judging from what can be seen)ad.根据观察判断，从一切迹象
8
来看
as … as idm (=used when you are comparing two people, things, situations etc)ad./prep.像?一样?
as for sb/sth idm (= used when you are starting to talk about someone or something new that is connected with what you were talking about before)prep.至于，关于
as to sth/as regards sth idm (=used when you are referring to sth)prep.至于，关于
as if/though idm (=in a way that makes it seem that something is true or that something is
happening)ad.好象，仿佛
as it is idm (=a) because of the situation that actually exists - used when that situation is
different from what you expected or need: They hoped to finish the kitchen by Friday, but as it is they'll probably have to come back next week. b) already: Just keep quiet - you're in enough trouble as it is.)ad.实际上，事实上
as it were idm (=used when a speaker is giving his or her own impression of a situation or
expressing sth in a particular way)ad.可以说，在一定程度上
assert yourself idm (=to behave in a confident and determined way so that other people pay
attention to your opions)v.坚持自己主张，表现坚定
assert itself idm (=to start to have an effect)v.生效，起作用 pay attention to sth/sb idm (=take any notice of)v.注意
avail yourself of sth phr v (=to accept an offer or use an opportunity to do something)v.利用（某
个机会），接受（某个提议）
on (the/an) average idm (=based on a calculation about how many times something usually
happens, how much money someone usually gets, how often people usually do something etc)ad.按平均值，通常
right away idm (=immediately)ad.立刻，马上
be/stand in awe of sb/hold sb in awe idm (=to admire someone and have great respect for them
and sometimes a slight fear of them)v.敬畏
Bb
back and forth idm (=going in one direction and then in the opposite direction, and repeating
this several times)ad.来回地，反复地
back down/off (from/on) idm (=to admit that you were wrong or that you have been defeated)v.认错，认输
back off idm (=to move backwards, away from someone or something)v.后退
back off idm (=to stop telling someone what to do, or stop criticizing them, especially so that
they can deal with something themselves)v.走开，不再管（某人）
back off (from sth) idm (=to stop supporting something, or decide not to do something you
were planning to do)v.放弃
back out (of sth) idm (=to decide not to do something that you had promised to do)v.撒手不
做，背信弃义
9
back (sth) up idm (=to move backwards, especially in a vehicle)v.后退，倒（车） back sth/sb up idm (=to say or show that what someone is saying is true)v.证实
back sth/sb up idm (=to provide support or help for someone or something)v.支持，帮助 back sth up (onto sth) idm (=to make a copy of information stored on a computer)v.备份 behind sb’s back idm (=if you do something behind someone's back, you do it without them
knowing)ad.背着某人，暗中
turn your back (on sb/sth) idm (=to refuse to help, support, or be involved with someone or
something)v.拒绝帮助，不支持，不参与
turn your back (on sb/sth) idm (=to turn so that your back is pointing towards someone or
something, and you are not looking at them)v.不理睬，轻视
know sth backwards/know sth backwards and forwards idm (=to know something very well or
perfectly) v.对?极其熟悉，对?非常了解
go from bad to worse idm (=to become even more unpleasant or difficult)v.变得越来越糟 badly-off idm (=having little money and few of the things you need to live)v.贫穷的，缺这少那的
(be/hang) in the balance idm (=if the future or success of something hangs in the balance, you
cannot yet know whether the result will be bad or good)a./v.吉凶未卜，成败未定
be off balance idm (=unable to stay steady)a.不平衡，失衡 be behind bars idm (=in prison)a.蹲监狱，坐牢，被关起来
bargain for/on sth phr v (=[usually in negatives] to expect that something will happen and
make it part of your plans)v.料想到，预料到
drive/strike a hard bargain idm (=to demand a lot or refuse to give too much when you are
making an agreement)v.想以低投入获取高回报
barge in phr v (=to enter somewhere rudely, or to rudely interrupt someone)v.闯入（某地），插嘴
keep/hold sth/sb at bay idm (=to prevent someone or something unpleasant from harming
you)v.远离（对自己不利的人或事物），使（对自己不利的人或事物）无
法接近自己
bear down (on sth) phr v (=to use all your strength and effort to push or press down on
something)v.竭尽全力
bear down on sb/sth phr v (=to move quickly towards a person or place in a threatening way)v.
冲向，咄咄逼近
bear down on sb/sth phr v (=to press on sb/sth)v.施加压力于，压住
bear on/upon sth phr v (=to relate to and possibly influence something)v.对?有影响，和?有关
bear sb/sth out phr v (=if facts or information bear out a claim, story, opinion etc, they help to
prove that it is true)v.证实，为?作证
bear up (against/under sth) phr v (=to show courage or determination during a difficult or
unpleasant time)v.挺过去，敢于面对，表现的很坚强
bear with sb/sth phr v (=to be patient and wait while someone does something)v.耐心等待，不
要着急
have a/some/no etc bearing on sth idm (=to have an effect or influence on something, or not
10