新尚教育学科教师辅导讲义
讲义编号 学员日校： 年 级：初一 课时数：2 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 学科组长签名 课 题 Unit 3 备课时间： 2012年2月20日 组长备注 授课时间：2012年02月 日 教学目标 重点、难点 考点及考试要求 掌握第三单元的单词，词组及重要语法知识点；阅读理解；复习第二单元 掌握第三单元的单词，词组及重要语法知识点 掌握第三单元的单词，词组及重要语法知识点并会灵活运用 教学内容 Come on! Step One: Greeting and warm-up (5分钟) Step Two: Unit 3 A visit to Garden City 【教学基本要求】 1.have been to /have been in 及have gone to 的区别 2.现在完成时的构成及用法 3.反义疑问句的正确运用（肯定部分出现否定副词的反意疑问句的转化） 4.掌握词组used to do; be used to doing sth.; be used to do sth. 知识讲解： 【词汇】 1. a visit to Garden City 参观花园市 visit n. pay a visit to sp. visit Garden City 参观花园市 visit v. visit sp. visitor n. 参观者，游客 2. the Li family 李家 =the Lis 作主语，谓语动词用复数 3. teach maths in a school 在一个学校教数学 teach sb sth 教某人某物 teach sb to do sth. 教某人去做某事 - 1 - 新尚教育·教学管理部
Miss Guo teaches us maths in our school 郭小姐教我们数学。 4. relative n. 亲戚 adj. 有关系的 relation n.关系 5. 他的工作是什么？（3种问法） 6. be an architect（ an engineer ） work as an architect （an engineer ）担任（建筑师）工程师一职 He has been an architect for 4 years. 他担任建筑师已经4年了。 He has worked as an architect for 4 years. engine n. 发动机 engineer n.工程师 architect n.建筑师 architecture n.建筑物；建筑风格 7. quite a few (years) 好几（年） +可数名词 He has made quite a few friends since he came here.自从他来到这里已经交了好几个朋友了。 quite a little (news) 好些新闻 +不可数名词 He has collected quite a little useful news since he surfed the net. 自从他上网以来，已经收集了好多有用的信息了。 8. for 12 years 12年 for several years 好几年 since 12 years ago 自从12年起 since several years ago 好几年前起 9. draw plans of buildings 画建筑图 10. design machines 设计机器 designer n.设计师 11．deliver letters 送信 delivery 12. waiter n. 服务员；侍者 wait v. 等待；等候 wait for sb. for stm. waitress n. 女侍者；女服务员 12. train someone in sport 在体育方面训练某人 train n. 火车 v. 训练；培训 【扩展】trainer n. 训练员；教员；教练员 trainee n. 受训练的人 Mother trained us to be honest. 母亲教育我们要为人诚实。 coach 解析：n.（体育运动的）教练 coach v. 训练；指导 13. drive a bus 开车(drive –drove-driven) driver n. 司机 14. A headmaster is in charge of a school. 校长对整个学校负责。headmistress 女校长 be in charge of a school 负责主管一个学校 Mr Gu is in charge of our class. 谷老师负责管理我们班级。 be in the charge of 某人或某物被（由）??负责管理 - 2 - 新尚教育·教学管理部
Our class is in the charge of Mr Gu. 我们班级由谷老师负责管理。 take charge of负责；照管；监理；担任 例句：He took charge of the farm after his father’s death. 父亲去世后，他接管了农场 15. field n. 田地 a farmer grows vegetables in fields. “场地” sports field 运动场。 例句：They were working in the cotton fields. 那时他们正在棉田里干活。 15. shop with sb. 跟某人一起购物 I usually shop with my mum at the shopping mall on Sundays. 我经常在周日和妈妈去购物中心买东西。 go shopping/ do some shopping 16. tell the time 告知时间;报时 The child is old enough to tell the time. 这个小孩已经能认识钟了。 17. secretary n.秘书 secret n. 秘密 secretly adv. 秘密地 18. hold the keys 拴住钥匙 key n. 钥匙 the key to the door这张门的钥匙 key ring 钥匙圈；钥匙环 adj. 主要的；关键的 例句：He is a key witness in this case. 在这个案件中，他是一个主要的见证人。 19. take the cable car 乘缆车 20. on the top of the hill 在小山顶上 We enjoy the nice views on the top of the hill. 我们从山顶欣赏美丽的景色。 21. carry people up a hill 把人带到山上 22. have a good time 玩得高兴 =enjoy oneself = have fun The children had a good time at the beach last weekend. 上周末孩子们在海滩上玩得高兴。 The children enjoyed themselves at the beach last weekend. have a great/ nice time 也常用等表示“玩得很高兴；过得很愉快”的意思。 23. “keep + 名词 + 形容词”的结构常用来表示“使……保持某种状态”。 We should try to keep the environment clean. 我们应当尽力保持环境卫生 24、重点句型 1) How long have you been a teacher? - 3 - 新尚教育·教学管理部
I have been a teacher for quite a few years. I have been a teacher since quite a few years ago. 2) What?s Aunt Maggie?s job? 3) What does an architect do? A waiter is a person who brings food to people. A farmer is a person who grows vegetables in the field. A postman is a person who delivers letters A coach is a person who trains someone in sport A headmaster is a person who is in charge of a school 4) A watch is used for telling the time A watch is used to tell the time. 5) The view from the top of the hill is fantastic. 6) Aunt Betty works in a company in Beijing, doesn’t she? She often has lunch at school, doesn?t she? It?s very cold today, isn?t it? Your father is unhappy, isn?t he? It is impossible to learn English well without remembering more words, isn?t it? My sister never tells a lie, does she? She can hardly speak Chinese, can she? He was seldom late for school, was he? I am an English teacher, aren?t I? （注：回答此类问题时， 应按实际情况当一般疑问句作答，用Yes或No；但回答 “前否后肯” 的句子时，它的中英文意思则不同。） --You can?t do it, can you? （你不会做这事，是吗？） -- No, I can?t. （是的， 我不会。） -- Yes, I can. （不， 我会的。） 7. ① We use a watch for telling the time. 我们用手表来报时。 ② A watch is used for telling the time. 手表是用来报时的。 我们把句子①的结构称为“主动语态”，把句子②的结构称为“被动语态”。主动语态句的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态句的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的基本结构是“be + 动词的过去分词”。be used for的结构表达“被用来”的意思，后接动词的形式。 Scissors are used for cutting things. 剪刀用来裁剪东西。 上述例子可以改写为“be used to +动词原形”的结构。 Scissors are used to cut things. - 4 - 新尚教育·教学管理部
本单元重点语法： 现在完成时 一：表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作（常与yet，already，just连用)。 二：表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作（常与for，since连用）。 第一种是已完成用法，也叫影响性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果，通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。 Has she found her car key? 她找到她的车钥匙了吗?(对现在的影响或结果：她能开她的车了吗?) I have finished my work. 我的工作做完了。(对现在的影响或结果：现在我没事了。) 第二种是未完成用法，也叫持续性用法。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而 是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。这个用法和进行时一样，不能用短暂性动词（暂时性动词及延续性动词见后面第2大点。）these days, lately, recently, for ages, since July, yet, still, ever, already, so far, up to now, in the past few years等。 How long have you lived here? 你在这里住了多久了? I? ve known her for a long time. 我认识她很长时间了。 句型基本结构： 主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ① 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 例如：I have been to Beijing twice. He has finished his homework. ② 否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其他 例如：I have not been to Beijing twice. He has not finished his homework. ③ 一般疑问句及回答：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 例如：Have you been to Beijing twice? Yes，I have./ No, I haven?t. Has he finished his homework? Yes，he has./ No, he hasn?t. ④ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 例如：Where have you been to? What has he finished？ 1．Kitty?s cousin, Lucy and Simon, have come to Garden City to visit the Li family. 在这个句子中，现在完成时用于表示动作已经发生（但并不追究动作发生的具体时间），并对现在产生一定的影响 （即目前露西和西蒙已经在Garden City了）。 I?ve lost my passport.我把护照丢了。（其含义是：I can?t find my passport now.） 2. How long has she been a teacher? 她当老师多久了？ She has been a teacher since 1997. She has been a teacher for quite a few years. - 5 - 新尚教育·教学管理部