Angels and Demons
Tentative Analysis of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
A Paper Presented to
Shanghai International Studies University
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Bachelor of Arts
By SOMEBODY
Under the Supervision of
Prof. SUN Li
May, 2014
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诚信声明
本人庄重声明：我所呈交的学士学位论文是在指导老师指导下独立完成的。
本论文正文中除已标明引用出处的内容外，不包含任何其他个人或集体发表的研
究成果内容。本人明白并完全承担在论文中引用他人科研成果而不注明出处的严
重后果。
特此声明。
声明人签名：_______________ 日期：________________
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Contents
Acknowledgements ·········································· i
内容提要··················································· ii
Abstract···················································· iii
Introduction ················································· 1
Chapter One Literature Review ································ 2
1.1 Historical Background ···································· 2
1.2 Literature Background ···································· 2
Chapter Two The Character Analysis······························· 4
2.1 Angle Dr. Jekyll and Demon Mr. Hyde························ 4
2.2 Dual Personality ··········································6
Chapter Three Psychoanalytical Criticism ···························8
3.1 Personality Theory ········································8
3.2 Id, Ego, and Superego in Dr. Jekyll ···························9
Conclusion ···················································14
Bibliography ················································· 17
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Acknowledgements
My thesis “Angels and Demons--A Tentative Analysis of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” has drawn upon the advice, encouragement and support of a good number of teachers from Prof. Ms. Sun li.
First and foremost, my sincere thanks should go to Ms. Sun li, who has been providing me with technical guidance and assistance step by step throughout the whole process of thesis writing. The existence of this thesis owes much to Ms. Sun li?s selflessness, wisdom, time and patience.
I would also attribute the completion of this thesis to Ms. Sun li, whose instructions on thesis writing has helped lay a good foundation for the construction of this thesis. I also feel indebted to the authors listed in the References, from whose works I have drawn a great deal of inspiration and ideas.
Finally, I would like to recognize the contributions of many people who have helped me but not been adequately acknowledged here. 请按要求写
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内容提要
《化身博士》是英国十九世纪新浪漫主义派的代表小说家罗伯特?刘易斯?史蒂文森（Robert Louis Stevenson）的小说。小说的主人公杰基尔是个受人敬仰和尊重的医生,却秘密地进行释放身体里的另一个自己的研究。他最终研究出了一种药水，喝完之后，他变成了暴戾凶残的海德。他内心渴望而不敢实现的想法，在变成海德后，全部由海德实现。借助药水，既可以维持杰基尔的形象，又可以将内心压抑着的想法释放出来。 纳博科夫认为，杰基尔是个复合型的人，海德不是由纯粹的恶的因素构成的，另外还有一个由纯粹的善的因素组成的第三个人存在。根据人格系统理论，杰基尔是代表理性、受外界影响、按照“现实原则”活动的自我；海德是不受任何拘束、按照“快乐原则”活动的本我；那第三个人则与代表社会道德标准、按照“至善原则”活动的超我相对等。在正常的情况下，这三个部分是统一的，相互协调。当这三者失去平衡发生冲突时，即导致精神病症和人格异常。
本文立足于纳博科夫对杰基尔的分析，运用精神分析批评中的人格系统理论详细地分析了杰基尔内心的矛盾与冲突，解读其心理机制。海德被杰基尔压制着，但杰基尔通过喝药将其释放出来，海德快乐而又兴奋地做他想做的事情。每当杰基础尔对海德屈服之后，超我会惩罚自我，杰基尔就感到内疚、自卑、有罪，还会产生病痛。本我和超我经常处于不可调和的矛盾中，自我总是试图调和这对相互冲突的力量。药水的失效，加剧了本我、自我和超我在杰基尔体内的斗争。杰基尔选择自杀来结束让他无法忍受的本我、自我和超我之间的矛盾冲突。
关键词：史蒂文森；杰基尔；海德；纳博科夫；人格系统理论
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